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1、在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses(Noun Clauses）。）。名词从句的功能相当于名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词词组, , 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词His job is important.What he does
2、 is important.主语This is his job.This is what he does every day. 表语I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day. 宾语I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. 同位语At lunch time, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in
3、the afternoon.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.What surprised me most was that the old man couldnt see anything.The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity. Predictive Clause(表语从句表语从句)Object Clause(宾语从句宾语从句)Subject Clause(主语从句主语从句)Appositive Clause同位语从
4、句同位语从句Find clauses from the following sentences and tell the functions of them 1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home. A. that B. if C. whether D. what3. This is _ he was often late for school. A. what B. t
5、hat C. why D. whether4. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun.A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句分析下列宾语从句中的连词分析下列宾语从句中的连词1.I dont doubt （that ）you will succeed.2.I dont know whether/if he will come tonight.3.I doubt if /whether you
6、 will keep your promise.3 3个句子中的连词个句子中的连词that, whether, if that, whether, if （是否）在名词性是否）在名词性从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分, ,被称为被称为连接词连接词注意注意：A. that A. that 本身无意义，在单个宾语从句中可以省本身无意义，在单个宾语从句中可以省略，略，B. whether B. whether 和和ifif有是否的意义，在宾语从句中二者有是否的意义，在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换。但通常可以互换。但whether whether 可以用于所有的四
7、种名词性从可以用于所有的四种名词性从句，而句，而if if 仅可以用于宾语从句。仅可以用于宾语从句。Note; We use that to introduce a noun clause when the clause is a statement翻译 1 她感觉到一个穿着黑色外套的男人在注视她She sensed (that) she was being watched by a man in a dark coat2 事实是雾太大了公交车开不了那么远The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to go that far1.I d
8、ont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless .4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthattha
9、tthat(that)thatthat 可省略的情况可省略的情况：主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略单个宾语从句中的单个宾语从句中的that可省略可省略that不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况：Note: We use if or whether to introduce a noun clause when the clause is yes/no question. We change the word order after i
10、f or whether into that of a statement.1 科学家对嗅觉是否和疼痛有关系感兴趣The scientists are interested in whether the sense of smell is related to pain.2问题是他是否能准时到达那儿The question is whether he can get there on time.翻译 找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.8. It depe
11、nds on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting.10. He asked me if I could go with him or not. Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.It depends on whether the weather is .The question is whether he himself will be pres
12、ent .He asked me whether I could go with him or not.1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7
13、.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go.if / whetherWhetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether请你归纳请你归纳a. a. 主语从句主语从句b. b. 表语从句表语从句c. c. 同位语从句同位语从句e. e. 介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f. whether to do f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to if to do
14、.do.g whether or not g whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时连在一起引导宾语从句时不用不用if.if.只能使用whether 的情况：请你归纳请你归纳1._ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.( 92) A.Whenevr B. If C.Whether D.That 2._ well go camping tomorrw depends on the weather.A. If B.Whether C. That D.Where高考题选萃高考题选萃名词性从句考点
15、归纳名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性从句的语序（1） 名词性从句构成有两种名词性从句构成有两种a. That + 陈述句陈述句That light travels in straight lines is known to all.b. 疑问词疑问词+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.(2) 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句 语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How was he successful is
16、 still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )FTTF二、名词性从句连接词的选用二、名词性从句连接词的选用（1）that 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，
17、可做从句的主词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。that / what1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.
18、7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat其它连接代词和副词的连用其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的正确的选择选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运
19、动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.Whenwhowhatwhere三、同位语从句的引导和辨别三、同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词
20、连接词 + 从句从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等等3.连接词通常是连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用 whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句。等来引导同位语从句。1. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _
21、we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.that/ whether / where/ howwherehowthatthatwhether同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语
22、成分在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。时可省略。2.同位语从句对中同位语从句对中 心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用只起连接作用,无具体无具体含义含义,且不可省略且不可省略.1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.1
23、.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.Attributive or Appositive ATAPAPAT名词名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为结构为 should + d
24、o, should 可省略可省略 He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now.宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句的时态呼应1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. a .他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He believes _ . b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么. Please tell me _.his dream will come true some daywh
25、at you were doing at this time yesterday2. 如果主句谓语是过去时如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的从句谓语动词一般用过去的 某种时态某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规 律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。 He told me _ . 他说他已离开家乡十年了。他说他已离开家乡十年了。 He told me _. 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。 The teacher tell
26、 us _he was preparing for the examinationHe had been away from his hometown for ten yearslight travels in a straight line.Practice time Practice: Practice:1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home. A. that B.
27、if C. whether D. what3. This is _ he was often late for school. A. what B. that C. why D. whether4. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun.A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; moveACCB主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句1.It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D
28、. how2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how3.It _ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B. thinks that C. is thought that D. is thought that4.It _ he is late for class. A. may that B. might that C. may be that D. might be what5.This is _ she was born. A. wher
29、e B. which C. that D. what6.The question is _ we cant go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when7.The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what9.My suggesti
30、on is _ we should turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain. A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built11.My advice is that he _ regular house. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept12._ knows the truth wil
31、l tell you about it. A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That who13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whether14.We heard the news _ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where15.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if16.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where Thank you
