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1、Lesson 101A card from Jimmycard n.卡，纸牌；卡，纸牌； 明信片明信片 play cards postcard n. 明信片明信片send sb. a postcard 打牌打牌寄给某人明信片寄给某人明信片 New wordsScotland n. 苏格兰苏格兰youth n. In my youth, my dream is to be a scientist.年轻时，我的梦想是成为一名科学家。年轻时，我的梦想是成为一名科学家。The fight was started by a gang of youths.这次斗殴是由一伙小青年引挑起的。hostel a
2、hostel for the homeless 无家可归者的收容所无家可归者的收容所hotel association n.协会，联盟协会，联盟 CFA=China Football Association 中中 国国 足足 球球 协协 会会NBA= China Basketball Association中中 国国 篮篮 球球 协协 会会我们很快就我们很快就回来。回来。我们一会再见。我们一会再见。write v.写，写字；写作写，写字；写作 He wrote some very famous books.他写了几本很有名的书。他写了几本很有名的书。write - wrote- written
3、Where did Jimmy stay in Scotland?Which association does Jimmy belong to?Did Jimmy say much? Why? Answer the questionselse adv.其他，另外其他，另外1. else 是个副词，与不定代词或副词（以是个副词，与不定代词或副词（以-one,-body,-thing,-where结尾的词）连用，表示结尾的词）连用，表示“另外另外”、“其它其它”的意思，用于这些词后面。的意思，用于这些词后面。 eg: Would you like something else to drink?
4、你还要喝点别的什么吗？ We went to the park and nowhere else. 我们到公园去了，其它什么地方也没去。2. else 还可用在疑问代词或副词（如：还可用在疑问代词或副词（如：who ,what ,where等）后面表示强调。等）后面表示强调。eg : Who else will go to the meeting ? 还有谁要去参加会议？ What else does he says? 他还说了些什么？3. else 还常用于固定结构还常用于固定结构or else ,意为意为“否则否则”、“要不然要不然”。eg: Run ,or else well be la
5、te . 快跑，不然我们就迟到了。 Do what I say ,or else ! 照我的话去做，否则后果自负。speak up stand up 站起来 turn up the TV 调大电视音量 get up 起床 put up your hands 举起手 look up at the sky 仰视天空up adv.向上, 起来, 上升, 往上I hope you are all well.I hope (that) you are all well.宾语从句的关系连词that 常可以省略。I believe (that) the heart does go on. - from Ti
6、tanic 反义疑问句反义疑问句表示询问、惊讶、愤怒等感情。结构： 陈述句 + 简略疑问句 使用规则： A. 陈述部分与疑问部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致 ； B. 陈述部分与疑问部分 “肯定” 和”否定” 形式彼此相反 。 He likes books, doesnt he? The dinner isnt ready, is it?The doctor comes at once, ?They stay in a Youth Hostel, ?Jimmy didnt write much, ?Jimmy has arrived in Scotland, ?He will write a
7、 letter soon, ?doesnt hedont theydid hehasnt hewont heDirect speech 直接引语直接引语 和间接引语和间接引语& indirect speech）人称的变化）人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一一随随主主二二随随宾宾三三不不变变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称在变间引后去人称不变称不变She said,“ I like tenn
8、is.”She said thatshe liked tennisHe said to Lily,“ you must get up early”He told Lily that she must get up earlyShe said to me ,“ they want tohelp him”She told methat they wanted help him一随主，二随宾，三不变一随主，二随宾，三不变 引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一一.原封不动地引用原话原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号把它放在括号内内,这叫直接引语这叫直接引语 (Direct s
9、peech);二二. 用自己的话加以转述用自己的话加以转述, 这叫间接引这叫间接引语语 (Indirect speech).由直接引由直接引语转变为间接引接引语,有有时会引会引时态的的变化化, 注意以下几个方面注意以下几个方面:直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句动词为一般现在主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时时或现在完成时She often says, “All men and women are equal under the law.”从句动词时态不变从句动词时态不变She often says that all men and women are equa
10、l under the law.直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句主句动词动词为一为一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句从句动词动词时态时态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:一般一般现在在时“I know it,” he said.一般一般过去去时He said that he knew it. 直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句主句动词动词为一为一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句从句动词动词时态时态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:现在进行时现在进行时“Im making coffee fo
11、r you all,” she said.过去进行时过去进行时She said she was making coffee for us all. 直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句主句动词动词为一为一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句从句动词动词时态时态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:现在完成时现在完成时“I have seen her before,” said he. 过去完成时过去完成时He said he had seen her before. 直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句主句动词动词为一为
12、一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句从句动词动词时态时态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:现在完成时现在完成时“I have seen her before,” said he. 过去完成时过去完成时He said he had seen her before. 直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句主句动词动词为一为一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句从句动词动词时态时态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:一般过去时一般过去时“I saw her last Monday,” he said.过去完成时过去完成时He said he
13、had seen her the previous Monday. 直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句主句动词动词为一为一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句从句动词动词时态时态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:过去完成时过去完成时“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack asked.过去完成时过去完成时Jack asked if I knew Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he die
14、d. 直接引语直接引语(变化前变化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)主句主句动词动词为一为一般过般过去时去时引导动词为引导动词为:从句从句动词动词时态时态相应相应变化变化从句动词变为从句动词变为:一般将来时一般将来时He said: “We shall start tomorrow.”过去将来时过去将来时He said they would start the next day.直接引语变间接引语时直接引语变间接引语时, 时态要发生变化时态要发生变化:一般现在时一般现在时现在完成时现在完成时现在进行时现在进行时一般将来时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过
15、去完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时过去将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时由直接引语转变为间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况下列情况时态不变时态不变:1. 不变的真理不变的真理 The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.2. 经常的习惯：经常的习惯： He said to the doct
16、or, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.3. 历史事件：历史事件： The teacher said, “World War ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.4. 部分情态动词部分情态动词,如如must, ought to, used to, had better等：等： She said to me: “You must hurry up.” She said th
17、at I must hurry up.由直接引由直接引语转变为间接引接引语,下列代下列代词、形容形容词、副、副词、动词等可能要等可能要变化化直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语thisthesenowagotodaytomorrowthatthosethenBefore/earlierthat daythe next/following day直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语the day after tomorrowyesterdaylast nightthe day before yesterdaycomeherein two days timethe day beforethe night
18、beforetwo days before/earliergothere1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat dayExercise IIExercise II2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the
19、street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow 3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week4. The man th
20、ought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day 5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we we
21、rethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She a
22、sked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time 8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your9. Black asked me,
23、 “ Why havent you left here yet?” Black asked me why _ yet. A. I hadnt left there B. I havent left here C. hadnt I left there D. havent I left here 10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ?” The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. ifrise B. ifrises C. whetherrose D. wheth
24、er did rise将下列直接引语改为间接引语将下列直接引语改为间接引语1.He says: ”I have got a cold.”2.Jim says: “I am staying at a hostel. ”3.Grandmother says: “ I cant hear you. ”4.Penny says: “I passed my driving test. ” He says (that) he has got a cold. Jim says (that) he is staying at a hostel. Grandmother says (that) she cant hear you. Penny says (that) she passed my driving test.
