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1、Lesson 3Nine to Five.课文理解根据课文完成下列表格(每空限填一词)。.短语翻译把下列短语译成英语。11克服困难_12有点儿 _13多于，不仅仅是 _14在晚上 _15对很好奇 _16对感兴趣 _17放弃 _18以为基础 _19对感到厌烦 _20寻找 _答案：11.overcome difficulties12.a bit13.more than14.at night 15.be curious about 16.be interested in17.give up18be based on19.be bored with20.look/search for.语法初试把下列直
2、接引语变为间接引语。21The teacher said to the boy，“Open the window.”_答案：The teacher told the boy to open the window.22His father said to him，“Dont leave the door open.”_答案：His father told him not to leave the door open.23“Shall I speak to him in person？” she asked._答案：She asked whether she should speak to him
3、 in person.24“I would like an appointment tomorrow，” I said to my dentist._答案：I told my dentist that I would like an appointment the next day.25“What a silly boy you are！” she exclaimed._答案：She told him what a silly boy he was.“I never thought about going on TV because my family didnt even have one
4、until I was in junior high school！” she explained.(教材P26)她解释说，“我没想过能上电视，因为直到我上初中的时候家里才有电视！”归纳not.until.直到才She didnt turn up until late in the evening.她直到晚上才出现。We wont leave until Tom comes.我们直到Tom来了才会走。The problem has never been solved until now.这个问题直到现在才被解决。提示：no.until.的特殊用法：(1)not until引导的时间状语从句置于
5、句首时，从句要用陈述语序，主句要用倒装语序。(2)not.until.句型的强调结构为It is/wasnot until被强调部分that其他。Not until the teacher came in did the boy begin to prepare his lessons.直到老师进来这个男孩才开始准备功课。It was not until the rain stopped that I went home.直到雨停了我才回家。另外，junior adj.低级的be junior/senior to 比年少/长，比级别低/高He is only a junior officer
6、to his brother.他的官衔比他哥哥低。She is junior to me.她职位比我低。应用1.Not until the motorbike looked almost new_ repairing and cleaning it.Ahe stopped Bdid he stopCstopped he Dhe did stop答案：BI asked her how she had achieved success and she told me that being curious，working hard，and believing in what was true mad
7、e her the success she is today.(教材P26)我问她是怎样获得成功的，她告诉我是好奇心、努力工作和忠于事实的原则促成了她今日的成功。归纳believe in是个动词短语。意为“依赖某人，相信某人的能力、为人或品质，相信的存在；认为好(或对、可接受)”，后面也可接真理、原则、宗教、党派之类的词作其宾语。I believe in his good character.我相信他的品德良好。I dont believe in hitting children.我不赞成打孩子。拓展believe v相信表示相信某人的话；作及物动词时，后面可接名词、代词、从句或含不定式的复合
8、宾语。believe me 我向你保证Believe it or not.信不信由你。Seeing is believing.眼见为实；百闻不如一见。Im innocent，please believe me.我是无辜的，请相信我吧。Nobody will believe what difficulty we have had.谁也想象不到我们遇到了什么困难。应用2.用believe in或believe填空(1)Do you_God?(2)We_our government.(3)He_doing morning exercises.(4)I_what he said because I b
9、elieve in him.答案：(1)believe in(2)believe in(3)believes in(4)believeWe would look in old nests to find birdsfeathers and we would even turn over stones to look at the little creatures there.(教材P26)我们会在旧鸟巢里寻找鸟的羽毛，甚至把石头翻起来观察那里的小虫子。 归纳turn over反转turn over sb.to把某人交给(警方等)turn sth.over to sb.托付某人负责某事turn
10、sth.over in ones mind认真考虑某事The little child liked to turn over the stones to find the ants.这个小孩喜欢掀开石头找蚂蚁玩。If you turn over you might find it easier to get to sleep.你若翻个身，也许入睡会容易些。拓展turn的常用短语：turn around/round转变，(使)转好turn away回绝；把打发走turn down关小，调低；拒绝turn from side to side(把身体)转过来转过去turn off关掉(自来水、电灯、
11、煤气、无线电等)turn on开，打开(自来水、电灯、煤气、无线电等)turn out结果(是)，证明(是)；制造，生产turn to翻到，转向；求助于；着手做Their talk turned to the change that had taken place in the city.他们的话题转到了城市发生的变化。应用3.副词填空I can hardly hear the radio.Would you please turn it_？答案：upAlthough there were lots of difficulties to overcome，she never let her p
12、roblems defeat her.(教材P26)虽然生活中有许多困难，但她从不让困难打败自己。归纳overcome vt.战胜，克服(overcame，overcome)Sleep overcame me.睡意征服了我。He overcame many hurdles to become a lawyer.他克服了许多困难成为一名律师。He overcame a strong temptation to run away.他低制了逃跑的强烈念头。拓展get over克服(困难等)Can we get over this difficulty？我们能克服这个困难吗？The actress h
13、ad to learn to get over her fear of the public.这个女演员必须学会不怯场。应用4.用关系词填空There is no difficulty_cant be overcome in the world.答案：thatShe said she chose to be a journalist because it is important that people grasp what is going on around them.(教材P26)她说选择做记者是因为人们了解周围发生的事是很重要的。归纳grasp vt.抓牢；理解；n.把握；理解力We
14、must grasp the situation at home and abroad.我们必须抓住国内外形势。I think I grasped the main points of the speech.我想我已经领会了演说的重点。We must grasp every opportunity of happiness.我们必须抓住每一次享有幸福的机会。拓展grasp的有关短语：grasp at企图抓到，向伸手have/get grasp of sth.理解某事out of/beyond ones grasp超出某人的理解能力；超出某人的能力in/within ones grasp在某人掌
15、握中Success is within our grasp now.现在成功已经在望。This work is beyond my grasp.这件工作我理解不了。应用5.完成句子他从她身边冲过去时，她伸手抓他的上衣。She_as he rushed past her.答案：grasped at his coatI asked her if there was any special moment that made her realise this and she replied that it was after she was asked to inspect an illegal bu
16、siness.(教材P26)我问她有没有什么特别的时刻使她认识到这一点，她回答说是在被要求去调查一桩非法的交易之后。归纳inspect v仔细检查He inspected the car before he bought it.他买这辆车之前仔细检查了一下。Make sure you inspect the goods before signing for them.要确保在签收货物之前进行检查。比较：inspect，examine与scanainspect指“仔细查看是否有不足之处或不标准的地方”。bexamine指“仔细检查身体，考查能力等”。cscan指“细看，审视；扫描”。The te
17、acher walked around inspecting their work.老师走来走去检查他们的作业。The doctor examined him thoroughly.医生给他做了全面检查。They scanned the sea，looking for a boat.他们仔细巡视海面，寻找一艘船。应用6.用inspect，examine，scan或investigate的适当形式填空(1)You will be_on American history.(2)They_the work of the institute.(3)They had to_the cause of a
18、railway accident that night.(4)His mother_his face to see if he was telling the truth.(5)I got out of the car to_the damage.答案：(1)examined(2)inspected(3)investigate(4)scanned(5)inspectThis paid off because she won an award for the report.(教材P26)她的坚持获得了成功，因为她的报道获奖了。归纳pay off取得成功，得到好结果；偿还，解雇pay off on
19、es debts还清债务pay off some workers解雇工人With the help of a lot of people，our plan has been paid off.在许多人的帮助下，我们的计划取得了成功。拓展由pay构成的固定搭配：pay back还钱，报复pay sth.back归还pay for付钱，为受到惩罚，因得到报应pay sth.into将存入pay sth.out付钱pay up交清Youll have to pay for this.你将因此而得到报应。He paid 100 dollars into the bank.他在银行里存了100元钱。应用
20、7.用适当的介词或副词填空(1)How much did you pay_the dictionary?(2)You should pay_the money you borrowed from me.(3)Ill pay him_all his crimes against me.(4)Has she paid_the debt yet?答案：(1)for(2)back(3)for(4)offI discovered then that as long as I am committed and never give up I will be able to produce high qua
21、lity reports.(教材P26)那时我发现只要坚持不懈，永不放弃，我就能写出高质量的报道。归纳commit vt.投入(工作，活动等)；犯(错误，罪行)commit oneself to.投身到commit a crime犯罪commit suicide自杀commit an error犯错If you commit yourself to your study，youll succeed one day.如果你投入到你的学业中，终有一天会成功。He committed an unforgivable error.他犯了一个不可原谅的错误。拓展commitment n责任，义务，承诺c
22、ommitted adj.乐于献身的He is totally committed to his work.他全心全意地做他的工作。另外，as/so long as引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”We can quickly overcome these difficulties as long as we are closely together.只要我们紧紧地团结在一起，就一定能克服这些困难。Well go out for a picnic as long as it doesnt rain tomorrow.只要明天不下雨，我们就去野餐。应用8.My parents dont mind w
23、hat job I do_I am happy.Aeven though Bas soon asCas long as Das though答案：CI asked Junyan what she liked most about her job and she said that although there wasnt much glory in reporters existence，she found it interesting and challenging.(教材P26)我问王君艳她最喜欢记者生涯的哪些方面，她说作为记者虽然没有很大的荣耀，但很有趣、很有挑战性。归纳existenc
24、e n存在，存活come into existence出现，产生bring.into existence使出现，使产生Many people question the existence of ghost.许多人对鬼神的存在表示怀疑。The new country came into existence in 1949.那个新国家于1949年成立。拓展exist vi.存在exist in存在于exist on靠生存，靠活下去The hostages existed on bread and water for over 5 months.人质靠面包和水生存了5个多月。应用9.介词填空The
25、old man exists only_coffee and bread.答案：on直接引语和间接引语(Reported Speech )祈使句变间接引语，采用“动词sb.to do sth.”的形式，其否定形式是在不定式前加not，即“动词sb.not to do sth.”。表示请求时用动词ask；表示命令时用动词order/tell。“Follow your teachers instructions，” Mother said to me.Mother told me to follow my teachers instructions.She said to us，“Dont dri
26、nk this water.”She ordered us not to drink that water.提示：若未出现受命的人，间接引语要交代出受命的人。He said，“Get everything ready in two hours.”He asked us to get everything ready in two hours.1He asked_for the computer.Adid I pay how much BI paid how muchChow much did I pay Dhow much I paid解析：宾语从句要用陈述句语序。答案：D2“Have you
27、 seen the film？” he asked me.He asked me_.Ahad I seen the film Bhave I seen the filmCif I have seen the film Dwhether I had seen the film解析：直接引语为一般疑问句时，要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句，主语为过去时，从句用过去完成时。答案：D3“Please close the window，” he said to me.He_me_the window.Asaid to；to close Btold to；closingCasked；to clos
28、e Dsaid to；please close解析：祈使句变为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词往往根据直接引语的口气选用ask(请求)，tell(告诉)，order(命令)，invite(邀请)，warn(警告)，advise(建议)等，而直接引语中 的 谓 语 动 词 要 变 成 动 词 不 定 式 ， 即ask/tell/order/invite/warn/advise sb.(not)to do sth.。答案：C4“I am a teacher，” Jack said.Jack said_.Athat I am a teacher BI was a teacherCthat he is a
29、 teacher Dhe was a teacher解析：直接引语为陈述句，变为间接引语时用that引导(口语中常省略)从句，人称和时态同时作相应变化。答案：D5He said，“Mother，the boy is very naughty.”He_very naughty.Asaid his mother that the boy wasBsaid to his mother that the boy isCtold his mother that the boy wasDspoke to his mother that the boy was解析：该题要注意say，tell和speak的区
30、别：say是及物动词，但只能是说出的话作其宾语，即say to sb.sth.；speak是不及物动词，即speak to sb.about sth.；tell是及物动词，可接双宾语，即tell sb.sth.。答案：C6“Youve already got well，havent you？” she asked.She asked_.Aif I have already got well，hadnt youBwhether I had already got wellChave I already got wellDhad I already got well解析：反意疑问句变为间接引语时，
31、要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句。答案：B7He asked，“Are you a Party member or a League member？”He asked me_.Aam I a Party member or a League memberBwas I a Party member or a League memberCwhether I was a Party member or a League memberDwhether was I a Party member or a League member解析：选择疑问句变为间接引语时，要变成whether或if引导的宾
32、语从句。答案：C8He asked，“How are you getting along？”He asked_.Ahow am I getting alongBhow are you getting alongChow I was getting alongDhow was I getting along解析：直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，用特殊疑问词引导宾语从句，并将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。答案：C9He asked me_with me.Awhat the matter is Bwhat the mater wasCwhats the matter Dwhat was the m
33、atter解析：注意该题时态的一致。whats the matter/wrong with句型中，what作主语，the matter/wrong作表语，因此作为宾语从句时还是这样的顺序，而非选项B。答案：D10He said，“Dont do that again.”He_me_that again.Asaid to；not to do Bsaid to；dont doCtold；dont do Dtold；not to do解析：直接引语为否定的祈使句，间接引语应用tell sb.not to do sth.句型。答案：D.介词或副词填空根据句意，用合适的介词或副词填空。1My frien
34、d Lily always dreams_going to Europe.答案：of/about2Last month he succeeded in paying_his house debt.答案：off3There are so many kinds of shoes that she doesnt know how to choose _these.答案：from4The old woman believed_ghosts in the past，but now she doesnt believe the existence of ghosts.答案：in5It is reporte
35、d that the new film will be_stage next month.答案：on6Children are always curious_animals.答案：about7My mother has a great love_everything in the world.答案：of/for8He didnt concentrate_his book；he just turned it _again and again.答案：on；over9Whatever difficulties he meets he always has an optimistic attitude
36、 _life.答案：towards10Dont give _ your dream on half way.答案：up.完成句子根据汉语，完成下列英语句子。11我非常喜欢周末外出散步。I _ going out for a walk at the weekend very much.答案：feel like12她比她丈夫小几岁。She is several years_her husband yesterday.答案：junior to13他真的连做梦都没有想到有这么好的机会出国。He has never_having a good chance to go abroad.答案：dreamed
37、 of/dreamt about14婴儿刚出生时对这个世界很好奇。Babies_the world when they were born.答案：are curious about15我们都信任他，因为他很大方并且乐于助人。We all_him because he is generous and is always ready to help others.答案：believe in16只要你好好保护这本书我就把它借给你。I could lend this book to you_you promise to keep it well.答案：as/so long as17这位老科学家一直致力
38、于研究一种新装备以解决现有的问题。The old scientist has_researching a new device to resolve the present problem.答案：committed himself to18当我第一次见到我最喜欢的电影明星时我有点紧张。I was_nervous when I saw my favourite film star at the first time.答案：a bit19把石头翻过来，你会看到很多蚂蚁。_the stone，and youll see lots of ants.答案：Turn over20我们的计划最终成功了，那是个很好的主意。Our plan_finally which was a great idea.答案：paid off练规范、练技能、练速度
