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1、上面各句都含有一个关系代词引导的上面各句都含有一个关系代词引导的 定语定语 从句。其中下从句。其中下划波浪线的部分是从句的划波浪线的部分是从句的 先行词先行词 ，黑斜体是，黑斜体是 关系代词关系代词 ，又，又被称作从句的被称作从句的 引导词引导词 。这些词又可分为指人的。这些词又可分为指人的(包括包括: who/whom/that/whose)和指物的和指物的(包括包括: that/which/whose)。6. Whenever I met her, _ _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. 2009山东高考山东高考A.
2、 whoB. whichC. whenD. that【解解析析】选选B。考考查查定定语语从从句句。句句意意：无无论论我我什什么么时时候候遇遇到到她她，她她总总是是带带着着甜甜美美的的微微笑笑跟跟我我打打招招呼呼。本本句句为为非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句。用来解释说明整个句子，故用关系代词句。用来解释说明整个句子，故用关系代词which。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词：关系词包括关系代词和关系副词：关系代词：关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as关系副词：关系副词：when, where, why, how主句型，从句型，两种句子要完整；主句型，从句型，两种
3、句子要完整；从句紧靠先行词，关系词引导要分清；从句紧靠先行词，关系词引导要分清；物用物用which人用人用who, 人物人物that有本领；有本领；从名少定用从名少定用whose, 关代作宾常可省；关代作宾常可省；限制非限制两种，逗号常是分水岭。限制非限制两种，逗号常是分水岭。1. 上海世博园开园第一周就迎来过百万游客。上海世博园开园第一周就迎来过百万游客。The number of people that come to visit Shanghai Expo park in the first week reaches more than one million. 分析：先行词分析：先行词
4、 people 在从句中作在从句中作主语主语 。2. The magazine (that/which) I bought yesterday is lost. 分析：先行词分析：先行词magazine 在从句中作在从句中作宾语宾语。译成汉语：译成汉语：昨天我买的那本杂志丢了。昨天我买的那本杂志丢了。3. All can be done has been done. A. whatB. thatC. whichD. whom【解解析析】选选B。考考查查关关系系代代词词的的选选择择。先先行行词词all 是是不不定定代代词词，且指物，关系代词一般用且指物，关系代词一般用that。4. The mo
5、st important thing we should pay attention to is the first thing I have said. A. that; whichB. which; thatC. which; which D. that; that【解解析析】选选D。第第一一个个先先行行词词thing 前前有有最最高高级级most; 第第二二个个先行词先行词thing 前有序数词前有序数词first，所以都只能用，所以都只能用that, 不用不用which。5. Can you remember the scientist and his theory we have l
6、earned? A. whoB. whichC. thatD. whom【解解析析】选选C。句句中中先先行行词词为为the scientist and his theory ，既既指人又指物，关系代词用指人又指物，关系代词用that。6. Do you still remember the chicken farm we visited three months ago? 2011临沂高一检测临沂高一检测A. whereB. whenC. thatD. what【解解析析】选选C。考考查查关关系系代代词词的的选选择择。由由句句意意判判断断“we visited three months ago
7、”为为定定语语从从句句，修修饰饰the chicken farm, 使使用用关关系系代代词词或或关关系系副副词词主主要要取取决决于于先先行行词词指指人人还还是是指指物物且且在从句中作什么成份，这里在从句中作什么成份，这里visited 后缺少宾语，故选后缺少宾语，故选C。1. that与与which的基本用法的基本用法2. that与与which的特殊用法的特殊用法1)指物时只能用指物时只能用that不用不用which的几种情况的几种情况（1）当当先先行行词词是是anything, everything, nothing, something, all, none 等代词时，或由等代词时，或由
8、every, any, all, little等修饰时，等修饰时，（2）当先行词被序数词修饰，）当先行词被序数词修饰，（3）当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时）当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时, （4）当先行词被）当先行词被the very, the only 修饰时，修饰时，（5）当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时。）当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时。2)指物时只用指物时只用which 不用不用that 的情况的情况（1）引导非限制性定语从句时，）引导非限制性定语从句时，（2）当关系代词前使用介词时。）当关系代词前使用介词时。1. The person is standing under the t
9、ree. He is my English teacher. (合并为一个句子合并为一个句子)The person who is standing under the tree is my English teacher. 2. Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year. 2010湖南高考湖南高考A. whoB. whereC. whenD. which【解解析析】选选 A。句句意意：我我已已经经和和我我去去年年英
10、英语语演演讲讲比比赛赛时时认认识识的的几几个个学学生生成成为为好好朋朋友友了了。先先行行词词为为students, 指指人人且且与与从从句句谓谓语语动动词词met 构构成成动动宾宾关关系系，故故用用关关系系代代词词whom。这这里里可可用用who 代替代替whom, 故选故选A。3. The old man yesterday is a scientist. A. I spokeB. I spoke to C. whom I spoke D. that I spoke to him【解解析析】选选B。考考查查whom引引导导的的定定语语从从句句。与与某某人人说说话话常常用用speak to s
11、b. 的的结结构构，且且引引导导词词在在定定语语从从句句中中作作宾宾语语时时，常常可可省略；省略；D项中项中him与与the old man重复，该去掉，故选重复，该去掉，故选B。4. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. 5. Who is the man that is standing by the gate? 6. Those who learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed. 7. Shanghai is no longer the city th
12、at it used to be. 8. Theres a gentleman who wants to see you. 9. The student that was praised at yesterdays meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard. who与与whom的用法的用法(1)指人时只用指人时只用that不用不用who的情况的情况当先行词同时包括人和物时。当先行词同时包括人和物时。当先行词是当先行词是who时。时。当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时（可省略）。当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时（可省略）
13、。（2）指人时只用）指人时只用who不用不用that的情况的情况先行词为先行词为one, ones, anyone或或those指代人时。指代人时。there be开头的句子中，句子的主语是先行词，而且是人。开头的句子中，句子的主语是先行词，而且是人。一一个个句句子子同同时时有有两两个个定定语语从从句句，其其中中一一个个是是由由that引引导导的的，另一个用另一个用who, 以免重复。以免重复。在非限制性定语从句中。在非限制性定语从句中。1. The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. Do you like the bo
14、ok whose cover is yellow? 2. Thats the new machineparts are too small to be seen. 2010山东高考山东高考A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. what【解解析析】选选C。句句意意：那那就就是是那那台台零零部部件件小小得得几几乎乎看看不不见见的的新新机机器器。从从句句子子结结构构分分析析parts与与machine是是所所属属关关系系，所所以以要要用关系代词中的用关系代词中的whose “谁的谁的”指代指代machines作作parts的定语。的定语。3. Look out! Dont get to
15、o close to the house roof is under repair. A. whoseB. whichC. of whichD. what【解解析析】选选A。从从句句子子结结构构分分析析，roof 与与house是是所所属属关关系系，即即the houses roof, 所以用所以用whose指代指代the houses作定语。作定语。whose的用法的用法 注注意意观观察察whose引引导导的的定定语语从从句句的的特特征征，只只要要先先行行词词与与空空格格后后的的名名词词或或代代词词有有修修饰饰或或所所属属关关系系，就就要要考考虑虑选选用用关关系系词词whose, 特别是先行
16、词指物时，易被忽略。特别是先行词指物时，易被忽略。单句改错单句改错1. The man which I met today told me to come back. 【解析解析】whichwhom/who/that2. Some of the girls I invited them did not come. 【解解析析】删删去去them，因因为为关关系系词词在在定定语语从从句句中中作作宾宾语语且且被被省省略了。略了。4. Children eat much sugar often get bad teeth. 【解析解析】在在Children和和eat中间加上关系词中间加上关系词who。
17、5. This is who everyone respects. 【解解析析】who引引导导的的定定语语从从句句前前无无先先行行词词，故故应应在在who前前加加上上the person/man等名词。等名词。6. Those who has finished may leave the classroom now. 【解析解析】hashave, 因为因为who指代的指代的those是复数。是复数。关系代词引导的定语从句中的易错点关系代词引导的定语从句中的易错点1. 关关系系代代词词的的误误用用。指指人人还还是是指指物物的的，作作主主语语、宾宾语语还还是是定定语判断不清。语判断不清。2. 先先
18、行行词词的的遗遗漏漏。有有些些定定语语从从句句前前往往往往会会被被遗遗漏漏先先行行词词，从从而使句子不完整。而使句子不完整。3. 关关系系代代词词的的遗遗漏漏。定定语语从从句句中中不不能能省省略略的的关关系系代代词词容容易易被被遗漏。遗漏。4. 定定语语从从句句中中主主谓谓不不一一致致。因因判判断断不不清清先先行行词词的的单单复复数数而而导导致从句中主谓使用不一致。致从句中主谓使用不一致。. 用适当的关系代词填空用适当的关系代词填空1. This is the very novel about which weve talked so much. 2. This is the way that
19、/in which/不填不填 he did it. 3. Who is the student that was late for school today? 4. Who that knows him wants to make friends with him. 5. He lives in the room, whose window faces to the south. 6. Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. . 将下列句子改为含有定语从句的复合句将下列句子改为含有定语从句的复合句1. I have a friend. H
20、e likes listening to classical music. I have a friend who likes listening to classical music. 2. Last week Mary was wearing the dress. I gave it to her. Last week Mary was wearing the dress that/which I gave to her. 3. The girl is from America. Her father is a Chinese. The girl whose father is a Chi
21、nese is from America. 4. Who is the man? He is drawing a picture over there. Who is the man that is drawing a picture over there? 5. My grandparents live in a house. It is more than 100 years old. My grandparents live in a house which is more than 100 years old. . 单句改错单句改错1. Who is the man whom you
22、said hello to just now? 答案：答案：whom that 2. This is the knife with that the doctor did the operation. 答案：答案：that which 3. It is one of the best pictures which have been sold. 答案：答案：which that 4. This is the only book that were borrowed from the library. 答案：答案：were was 5. The man came yesterday is our
23、 English teacher. 答案：答案：man 后面加后面加who. 单项填空单项填空1. I will remember those days _ we spent in the countryside together. A. whatB. whenC. whomD. which【解解析析】选选 D。考考查查定定语语从从句句。句句意意：我我将将记记住住我我们们一一起起在在乡下度过的日子。从句中乡下度过的日子。从句中spent后缺少宾语，故选后缺少宾语，故选D。2. I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone el
24、ses fault. A. who B. thatC. as D. what【解解析析】选选B。考考查查定定语语从从句句。不不定定代代词词something作作先先行行词词时，用时，用that引导。引导。3. The things and people my grandpa told me when I was young still remain fresh in my mind. A. whom B. thatC. whichD. who【解解析析】选选B。考考查查定定语语从从句句。先先行行词词既既有有人人又又有有物物时时，只只能选能选that，不选，不选which, who 或或 who
25、m。4. I shall never forget those days_I spent with the earthquake victims(受受害害者者), _ has a great effect on my life. 2011信阳高一检测信阳高一检测A. that; whichB. when; thatC. which; thatD. when; who【解解析析】选选A。考考查查定定语语从从句句。句句意意：我我将将永永远远不不会会忘忘记记我我与与地地震震受受害害者者一一起起度度过过的的那那些些日日子子，这这对对我我的的生生活活产产生生了了重重大大影影响响。第第一一个个定定语语从从
26、句句中中缺缺少少宾宾语语，故故选选which或或that; 第第二二个个定定语语从从句句中中缺缺少少主主语语，而而且且又又是是非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句，只只能用能用which，故选，故选A。5. In China, the number of cities is increasing _ development is recognized across the world. A. whereB. whichC. whose D. that【解解析析】选选C。考考查查定定语语从从句句。句句意意：在在中中国国，其其发发展展得得到到全全世世界界认认可可的的城城市市的的数数量量在在增增加加。d
27、evelopment与与先先行行词词cities之间是所属关系，所以选之间是所属关系，所以选whose。6Which is the bike _ you lost? Athat BwhichCwhoDwhose【解解析析】选选 A。考考查查关关系系词词的的选选择择。句句意意：你你丢丢的的自自行行车车是是哪哪一一辆辆？先先行行词词是是the bike且且在在从从句句中中作作宾宾语语，当当先先行行词词前前面面有有which时，关系词常用时，关系词常用that。7. There is a boy downstairs. 2011临沂高一检测临沂高一检测A. who wants to see youB
28、. whom wants to see youC. which wants to see youD. he wants to see you【解解析析】选选 A。考考查查定定语语从从句句。先先行行词词为为人人且且关关系系代代词词在在从从句中作主语，故用句中作主语，故用who作引导词，故选作引导词，故选A。8. He is the only one of the students who a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. areC. have been D. has been【解解析析】选选D。关关系系代代词词在在从从句句中中作作
29、主主语语时时，谓谓语语动动词词的的单单复复数数形形式式由由先先行行词词决决定定。本本题题中中，先先行行词词是是“the only one”, 为为单单数数，故故谓谓语语动动词词用用单单数数形形式式，而而且且“for three years”又又常常与与完完成成时时连连用用，故故选选D。A、B 两两项项时时态态不不对对，C项项是是复复数数形式。形式。【规律方法规律方法】定语从句中的主谓一致知多少定语从句中的主谓一致知多少在在定定语语从从句句中中，当当关关系系代代词词who, that, which 等等作作主主语语时时，其其谓谓语语动动词词的的数数应应与与主主句句中中的的人人称称和和数数相相一一
30、致致，但但是是在在“one of + 复复数数名名词词+ 定定语语从从句句”的的结结构构中中，定定语语从从句句中中谓谓语动词的单复数形式有下列两种情况：语动词的单复数形式有下列两种情况： 根根据据先先行行词词为为复复数数名名词词而而定定，采采取取复复数数形形式式。例例如如：His brother is one of the students who are ready to help others. 他他的哥哥是那些乐于助人的学生中的一个。的哥哥是那些乐于助人的学生中的一个。 当当one 之之前前有有 the only (或或the very) 等等限限定定词词和和修修饰饰语语时时，定定语语从
31、从句句应应根根据据one 而而定定，采采取取单单数数形形式式。例例如如： She is the only one of the girls who comes from the countryside. 她是惟一的一个来自乡下的女孩。她是惟一的一个来自乡下的女孩。9. Those want to see the film put down your names please. A. thatB. whichC. whoD. whose【解解析析】选选C。考考查查定定语语从从句句的的引引导导词词。先先行行词词是是those, ones, anyone, people 等指人时，用等指人时，用wh
32、o 引导。引导。10. Tom is good at math, so I think he is the student can help you to work out this problem. A. whomB. whichC. whatD. who【解解析析】选选D。先先行行词词为为the student，且且定定语语从从句句中中缺缺主主语语，因此应用因此应用who 引导定语从句。引导定语从句。11. We visited a factory makes toys for children. A. whereB. whichC. in whichD. who【解解析析】选选B。考考查
33、查定定语语从从句句的的引引导导词词的的选选择择。先先行行词词为为factory, 而而且且定定语语从从句句中中又又缺缺主主语语，故故排排除除C项项；A项项是是关关系系副词，只能作状语；副词，只能作状语；who 指人。故选指人。故选B。12. Ill show you a store you may buy all you need. A. where; whichB. in which; thatC. which; thatD. that; that【解解析析】选选B。考考查查定定语语从从句句。句句意意：我我要要告告诉诉你你一一个个商商店店，在在那那里里你你可可以以买买到到所所有有你你需需要要
34、的的东东西西。结结合合语语境境，先先行行词词为为store，从从句句中中缺缺少少地地点点状状语语，故故第第一一个个空空应应用用in which或或where；第第二二个个空空先先行行词词为为all，故故定定语语从从句句用用that引引导导。正正确确答案为答案为B。13. Do you remember the place _ _ we visited last year？A. thatB. whereC. when D. in which【解解析析】选选A。考考查查定定语语从从句句。句句意意：你你记记得得我我们们去去年年参参观观的的那那个个地地方方吗吗？先先行行词词the place 在在定定
35、语语从从句句中中作作visit 的的宾宾语语，故用关系代词故用关系代词that 或或which，故选，故选A。注意：此题易误选。注意：此题易误选B项。项。14. I dont believe them at first but in fact everything was true. A. that they saidB. what they saidC. which they said D. that said【解解析析】选选A。考考查查定定语语从从句句。分分析析句句子子结结构构可可知知，everything后后为为定定语语从从句句，what 不不能能引引导导定定语语从从句句，故故排排除除B项项；D项项中中成成分分不不全全；不不定定代代词词作作先先行行词词时时，用用that 引引导导定定语从句。注意：不要将此题误选为语从句。注意：不要将此题误选为B项。项。 同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全
