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1、n1. The chairman requested that the members_(更认真地检查该问题）.n2. Henry Fords introduction of the assembly line _(大大减少了制造汽车的时间）.n3.He _(对这里的人一定很熟悉）, or he couldnt know everyones name here on his first day of arriving.n n4. Bu for _（他们过高估计了房价），their investment of this year should have been profitable.n5. A
2、s far as Chinese films are concerned, _(没有人比他做的贡献更大）.虚拟语气主要用法虚拟语气主要用法n“if”条件句n宾语从句n主语从句n状语从句n表语从句、同位语从句n其它n表示n坚持（insist）n命令（order, command ）n建议（suggest, propose , advise, recommend）n要求（ask, demand, require, request）n在这些动词后的宾语从句宾语从句中的谓语动词用（should）+do（动词原形）的虚拟语气n只能用should，不可以用would， could， might等别的词代替
3、。nE.g. 他们要求给每个成年男子选举权。They demanded that the right to vote be given to each adult man.宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气n特殊特殊：动词insist和suggest后接宾语从句时n若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气虚拟语气。 insist坚持要求；suggest建议n若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气陈述语气。 insist坚持认为；suggest表明，认为e.g.nHe insisted that I had read his letter. (他
4、坚持说坚持说我看过他的信。)nHe insisted that I (should) read his letter. (他坚坚持要持要我看他的信。)nHe suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. （他建议建议我们留下吃饭。）nHis face suggested that he was angry. （他的脸色表明表明他生气了。）n(a) 表示对现在事实的假设愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时。n主语+wish+从句（主语+过去式+）2. 2. “wishwish”后的宾语从句后的宾语从句虚拟语气的从句中，不论主语是谁，“be动词”的过去时
5、态一律用“were”真希望我能和你一样年轻。 I wish I were as young as you. n(b) 表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时。n主语+wish+从句（主语+had+过去分词+）nI wish I had been here last night. （我要是昨晚在这儿就好了。）nHe wishes he hadnt spent so much money. （他后悔不该花那么多钱。n(c)表示对将来的不太可能实现的愿望，从句谓语用过去将来时。n主语+wish+从句（主语+would/could/might+动词原形）nI wish I could fly
6、to the moon one day . （我希望有一天可以飞到月球上去 。）nHow she wishes her eyes would see again! （她多么希望双眼能重见光明啊！）nwish&hopenwish+从句，表示的是很难不可能实现的愿望，从句必须用虚拟语气。n hope+从句，表示的是有可能实现的事实，从句不能用虚拟语气。 nHe wishes his son would win the competition. 他真希望他的儿子在竞赛中能够获胜。（可惜获胜不了） nHe hopes that his son will win the competition. 他希望
7、他儿子在竞赛中能够获胜。（有可能获胜） Writingn1.感谢陈老师来看你n2. 描述你的感受n3.说明你的身体状况n A Letter of Thanksn应用文的范围很广，包括书信、便条、广告、简历以及通知等诸方面。英语考试中的应用文以书信为主书信为主，这一点在大学英语四级考试中屡有所见。应用文写作应用文写作书书 信信n英文书信一般包括六个部分：信头-写信人的地址和日期（右上角）收信人内文地址-收信人的姓名及地址（左上 角）称呼-对收信人的称谓语，写在内文地址以下两行正文-写信人的身份及写信目的结束客套语-信尾谦辞签名 China West Normal University, No 1
8、, Shi Da Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637009 P. R. China （由小到大） May 21(th), 2011 （美式） Oct. 3rd , 2011/ October 3rd , 2011Ms Alice Green, Store Manager Carefour 四级中有地址就写， Building 8, Red Star Street 没有就不写 Dongcheng District, Beijing 但时间一定要写Dear Miss Green: 称谓（称谓（Salutation）对收信
9、人的称谓, 从左边顶格写起，自成一行，比信内地址低两行。其开头词和专有名词的第一个字母还应大写。称谓后，英国人喜用称谓后，英国人喜用逗号逗号，而美国人则，而美国人则用冒号用冒号。Dear的用法：的用法： 最常见的是用Dear + （头衔）姓或名，如：Dear Professor Chen, Dear Mr. Alan 或Dear Isabel, 也就是在Mr., Mrs, Miss, Ms, Prof., Dr. 等后只用姓，不用名字。Dear Mr. 如果关系比较亲密，可用My Dear。 给某个机构或你不认识的人写信，则按如下称呼写：Dear Sir, Dear Sirs, Sirs, G
10、entlemen, Dear Madame,Ladies or Madame, To Whom It May Concern. 写给政府各部门首长，如参议员、法官、大使、市长等可用Hon. （Honorable 阁下的缩写），阁下的缩写），表示尊重。正文（正文（Body） 正文是书信的主要部分。通常在低于称呼一行处写起，每段开头要向后缩进五到八个字母。正文从内容结构上一般包括：“ 写信人的身份及写信目的-位于开头部分，一般是寒暄或点明写信的目的。” 写信人的想法，请求等细节-位于中间部分，叙述一封信的主要内容。 向收信人表示谢意、希望等-位于结尾部分，通常写一些表示祝愿、问候、感谢等结束敬语或
11、希望之类的话语。结尾语常用表达： We send you our best wishes. With best regards. Looking forward to hearing from you soon. Love to all you. Please give my best regards to your family / parents. All the luck in the world to you.结尾谦辞（结尾谦辞（Complementary Close）。）。结尾谦辞指写信人对收信人的谦辞称，写在正文下第二、三行处，从信纸中间稍向右处或齐头左顶格写起，第第一字母大写，末
12、尾加逗号一字母大写，末尾加逗号。结尾谦辞根据通信人之间关系的亲疏恰当选择。常见的有以下几种：通常使用：通常使用：Sincerely,（Your Sincerely; Sincerely yours; Most sincerely）Truly，（Yours truly; very truly yours）给上级、长辈、领导或公务信件用：给上级、长辈、领导或公务信件用：Respectively yours,Faithfully yours,一般同事或熟人之间用：一般同事或熟人之间用：Yours ever,Your friend,Cordially yours,写出亲属或关系非常亲密的是写出亲属或关
13、系非常亲密的是：With love,Love, All my love,Forever yoursYours affectionately,Your loving son / daughtern签名签名n考试中一般不用真实姓名，可用英文名英文书信的其他说明英文书信的其他说明信封：信封：和中文一样，英文信封由三部分组成，发信人地址，收信人地址和邮票。发信人的地址在信封左上角，收信人地址在信封偏中右偏下出。 LIMINGCHINA WEST NORMAL UNIVERSITY, STAMP NO 1, SHI DA ROAD, SHUNQING DISTRICT, NANCHONG, SICHUA
14、N PROVINCE, 637009 P. R. CHINA MS ALICE GREEN STORE MANAGER CAREFOUR BUILDING 8, RED STAR STREET DONGCHENG DISTRICT, BEIJING英文书信书写款式：齐头式和折中式英文书信书写款式：齐头式和折中式齐头式齐头式 正文与称呼之间空一至二行。每正文与称呼之间空一至二行。每段的第一句话不需要空格，但段与段段的第一句话不需要空格，但段与段之间空一至二行。之间空一至二行。 齐头式的信尾客套话和签名有两齐头式的信尾客套话和签名有两种方式：可以写在左下方，也可以写种方式：可以写在左下方，也可以写
15、在右下方。在右下方。 February 14th, 2005Dear Ms Green:You want retail clerks and managers who are accurate, enthusiastic, and experienced.Working as clerk and then as assistant department manager in a large department store has taught me how challenging a career in retailing can be.I understand that Carefour
16、prefers to promote its managers from within the company, Sincerely yours, Sincerely yours, Adam Smith Adam Smith英文书信书写款式：齐头式和折中式英文书信书写款式：齐头式和折中式折中式折中式 正文与称呼之间空一至二行。每正文与称呼之间空一至二行。每段的第一句话第一个单词必须在段的第一句话第一个单词必须在DEAR的下面，以后每段开头都要与的下面，以后每段开头都要与第一段第一个字对齐。第一段第一个字对齐。 齐头式的信尾客套话和签名都写齐头式的信尾客套话和签名都写在右下方。在右下方。 Feb
17、ruary 14th, 2005Dear Ms Green: You want retail clerks and managers who are accurate, enthusiastic, and experienced. Working as clerk and then as assistant department manager in a large department store has taught me how challenging a career in retailing can be. I understand that Carefour prefers to
18、promote its managers from within the company, Sincerely yours, Adam Smithn根据写信的目的，根据写信的目的， 可将信分为感谢、道歉、邀请、可将信分为感谢、道歉、邀请、祝贺、申请、慰问、投诉、介绍、申诉信等等祝贺、申请、慰问、投诉、介绍、申诉信等等 。n1、感谢信：、感谢信：感谢信的内容可包括：感谢信的内容可包括： 感谢感谢 具体写出所受到的恩惠具体写出所受到的恩惠 表示回报表示回报 再次感谢再次感谢例文：例文： September 10, 2003Dear Susan, Words are beyond me to exp
19、ress my thanks to you for your timely gift- Longman Contemporary English Dictionary . There are many reasons why I should call it a timely gift. First and foremost, Im preparing for CET-4. It can surely help me deeply understand the new words and expressions in CET-4 Vocabulary Book. Furthermore, th
20、ough Ive had a New English-Chinese Dictionary, it just has Chinese Explanation. You know, it usually leads us to misunderstand the real meaning of each word in English. In addition, it is said that Longman Dictionaries emphasize more on modern and spoken English. Accordingly, it is so useful that I
21、can improve my oral English. In conclusion, your present cant be too suitable for me for the time being. Next year, when your birthday is coming, I will give you a pleasant surprise, too. Thank you once more. yours, Stellan2.道歉信道歉信n道歉信内容可包括：道歉信内容可包括： 道歉道歉 说明理由说明理由 说明补救方法说明补救方法请求原谅请求原谅 December 21st，
22、2002Dear Helen, Im terribly sorry that I failed to meet you at Pu DongAirport. But I think you will forgive me if you know the reason. yesterday morning, I got up early for I was eager to seeyou. After breakfast, I telephoned a Qiangsheng Taxi to getthe gate of our neighborhood at 8 am. Hardly had I
23、 left theroom to meet the taxi, I heard my daddy breathe heavily andhardly. I realized that his asthma（哮喘）（哮喘）attacked him once more. But, I never heard he breathe with so much difficulty. I hurried to ask a robust man named Ken, my neighbor, for help, since my mother happened to be out. He carried
24、my father on his back and went straight to the coming taxi and we drove directly to the nearest hospital, Pu Nan hospital. Please dont worry. My father is much better now. Fortunately, I called a taxi in advance. Thus, we sent my father to hospital in time. For this reason, I would thank you. Howeve
25、r, I should apologize for missing the opportunity to meet you at the airport. In order to compensate for my absence, Id like to invite you to have dinner with me. When and where is up to you. I hope you can pardon me for this matter again. Yours sincerely, Maryn3、 邀请信邀请信n邀请信的内容可包括：邀请信的内容可包括： 邀请（时间、地
26、点、目的）邀请（时间、地点、目的） 尽力说服对方接受邀请尽力说服对方接受邀请 告诉对方交通路线告诉对方交通路线表示期待表示期待例文：例文： January 17th,2003Dear Ivy, If you have no previous engagement at 7 pm. OnJan. 23rd, Id like to invite you to our annual dinner inthe Garden Hotel. We havent enjoyed being together since we graduated from the high school, for every
27、one is too busy to have a reunion. Shall we cherish the memory of the high school life on our campus and especially in our dormitory? Id like to give you a pleasant surprise. Wang Ping, our best friend, arrived in Shanghai the dau before yesterday. We havent met her for a whole year ever since she l
28、eft for overseas study. Now, she has come back from Britain for winter vacation. Last night, she asked me to invite the other 6 girls including you, Lin Qin, Fng Hongxia, Lin Sansan, Zhang Lin and Tian Hong to enjoy dinner with her. You may take bus No.15 or you can get there by subway. Well be expe
29、cting you at the hall of Garden Hotel.R.S.V.P. ( 法语。意思为法语。意思为“请回信请回信” ) Yours sincerely, Ye Fang4.申请信（申请信（LETTERS OF APPLICATION）该类信件主要用于求职、求学或辞职以及其它请求，是一种十分重要的正式函件。写申请信文字讲究规范化，提供的信息要真实、简洁，语气要肯定、自信。例如，大学生在求职时，有一个不利之处在于缺乏工作经验，在表达该意思时，一般我们不用 I dont have much experience in ，而选择 I am eager to get more e
30、xperience in。 后 者 比 前 者 要 积 极 很 多 。 February 14th, 2005 Ms Alice Green, Store Manager Carefour Building 8, Red Star Street Dongcheng District, BeijingDear Ms Green: You want retail clerks and managers who are accurate, enthusiastic, and experienced. You want someone who cares about customer service,
31、 who understands merchandising, and who can work with others to get the job done. When you are ready to hire a manager trainee or a clerk who is willing to work toward promotion, please consider me for the job. Working as clerk and then as assistant department manager in a large department store has
32、 taught me how challenging a career in retailing can be. Moreover, my AA degree in retailing (including work in such courses as retailing, marketing, and business information system) will provide your store with a well-rounded associate. Most important, I can offer Carefour Dongcheng Store more than
33、 my two years of study and field experience: You will find that I am interested in every facet of retailing, eager to take on responsibility, and willing to continue learning throughout my career. Please look over my resume to see how my skills can benefit your store I understand that Carefour prefe
34、rs to promote its managers from within the company, and I would be pleased to start out with an entry-level position until I gain the necessary experience. Do you have any associate positions opening up soon? Could we discuss my qualifications? I will phone you early next Wednesday to see whether we
35、 can arrange a meeting at your convenience. Sincerely yours, Adam Smith 请假条请假条 Suppose you are a student and are ill so you cannot attend the class today. Write a sick leave to your teacher. February 14th, 2005 Dear Prof. Kang, I am very sorry to tell you that I cannot attend todays lecture held by
36、you owing to the fact that I caught a bad cold last night. The doctor said that I should stay in bed for a couple of days. Thus I am compelled to ask for sick leave of two days. I shall make up for the missing classes by consulting my classmates and return to class as soon as I feel better.Enclosed
37、with this letter is the doctors certificate. Yours respectfully , LiMingAssignment n1.感谢陈老师来看你n2. 描述你的感受n3.说明你的身体状况n A Letter of Thanks May 10, 2010Dear Miss Chen, I am writing to extend my sincere thanks to your for(对老师生病前来看望表示感谢） Your visit was of great importance for me. (老师的探视对自己心情的影响） These days,.(自己病情的最新状况） I am full of gratitude for .and I will cherish this memory forever.(一般可以写4段） Sincerely yours, David
