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1、新人教新人教选修六修六-Unit5-The-power-Unit5-The-power-of-nature-Grammarof-nature-Grammar Review the usage of ing form below. Examine the sentences and discuss in what way the structures similar to each other and in what way they are different.Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the c
2、rater.Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice.The ing form used as an adverbial.Having + past participle (the perfect -ingform) to refer to an action that took place before the time expressed by main verb.小结小结-ing 形式的用法形式的用法1. ing 形式作状语形式作状语用法用法例句例句时间时间
3、Walking along the street, I met Mary. (= While I was walking along the street.)在街上走的时候，我遇在街上走的时候，我遇到了玛丽。到了玛丽。用法用法例句例句原因原因 Being tired, I stopped to take a rest.(= Because I was tired, .)因因为疲倦，我停下来休息。为疲倦，我停下来休息。条件条件 Turning to the left, you will find the school. (= If you turn to the left, .)向左走，你就会找
4、到那个向左走，你就会找到那个学校。学校。用法用法例句例句让步让步 Knowing where I live, he never come to see me .(= Though he knows where I live, .) 尽管他知道我的住处，尽管他知道我的住处，但从不来看我。但从不来看我。用法用法例句例句伴随伴随 I stood there, waiting for her. (= , and waited for her.) 我站在那儿等她。我站在那儿等她。结果结果 It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in the area.(=
5、It rained heavily so that it caused severe flooding in the area.)在这个地方雨在这个地方雨下的如此大，以至引发了洪灾。下的如此大，以至引发了洪灾。2. ing形式的完成式形式的完成式句句型型主主动动Having +p.p. , 主语主语+谓语谓语被被动动(Having been) +p.p. , 主语主语+谓语谓语用法用法ing形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓语动词之前语动词之前 表示被动可直接用过去分词表示被动可直接用过去分词例句例句Having finished my work, I went home
6、. (= After I had finished my work, .)工作做工作做完只后，我就回家了。完只后，我就回家了。例句：例句：(Having been) written in haste, the book has some faults. 这本书因仓促写这本书因仓促写成，所以有些缺憾。成，所以有些缺憾。分词分词 (短语短语) 作状语时作状语时, 其逻辑主语必其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。 3. 使用使用- ing形式
7、需注意的几个问形式需注意的几个问题。题。 My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining why she didnt want the children to play together. 我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间, 解释解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。(现在分词现在分词explaining是句子主语是句子主语my wife做的动作做的动作,它们之间是主动关系它们之间是主动关系, 即即explaining的逻辑主语，就是句子的主的逻辑主语，就是句子的主语语my wife 。)The train
8、 having gone, we had to wait another day.（the train逻辑主语逻辑主语 + having gone 即为即为独立主格结构独立主格结构）分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词用并列连词(如如but，and)，因为并列连因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分，分词和主句之是全句的一个状语部分，分词和主句之间可用逗号。间可用逗号。例如例如:误误: Having been told man
9、y times, but he still couldnt understand it.正正: He was told many times, but he still couldnt understand it. 或或 Having been told many times, he still couldnt understand it.-ing的一般式和完成式现在分词都的一般式和完成式现在分词都可以表示先后接连发生的动作。可以表示先后接连发生的动作。在可能引起误解的场合应该用完在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。例如例如:Opening
10、the drawer，he took out his wallet. (=He opened the drawer and took out his wallet.)他打开抽屉，拿出钱包。他打开抽屉，拿出钱包。Coming into the room, he put down his bag. (=He came into the room and put down his bag.)他走进房间，放下提包。他走进房间，放下提包。 Having brushed his teeth, Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast. 布朗先生刷过牙布朗先生刷过牙,
11、就下楼来吃早饭。就下楼来吃早饭。(此句如写成此句如写成: Brushing his teeth, Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast. 可能指可能指 “边刷牙边刷牙, 边下楼边下楼 。) 分词的否定形式是在分词短语分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上前面加上 not, never等否定词构等否定词构成。成。例如例如:Not fearing the fire, the child touched and got a finger burnt. 小孩儿不知道小孩儿不知道 怕火，用手去摸，把手指烫了。怕火，用手去摸，把手指烫了。Not knowing how
12、 to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help. 我不知怎我不知怎样找到地铁，就去找警察帮忙样找到地铁，就去找警察帮忙。 I. 每空填一词，使该句与所给句子的意思每空填一词，使该句与所给句子的意思相同。相同。1. Because he was ill, he didnt go to school._ _, he didnt go to school.2. When she was walking along the street one day, she met an old friend of hers._ _ the street one
13、 day, she met an old friend of hers. Being illWalking along3. If it is sunny, well go for a picnic tomorrow._ _ _, well go for a picnic tomorrow.4. After she had finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV._ _ her homework, the little girl began to watch TV.5. Because they had been warn
14、ed by the teacher, they didnt make such mistakes._ _ _ by the teacher, they didnt make such mistakes.It being sunnyHaving finishedHaving been warned6. As it was a holiday, all the shops were shut._ _ _ _, all the shops were shut.7. If I had been given a longer time, I could have done it better than
15、planned._ _ _ a longer time, I could have done it better than planned.8. After I got home, I found my books missing._ _ _, I found my books missing.It being a holidayHaving been givenHaving got home9. When he was still a small boy, he went to France with his father._ _ _ _, he went to France with hi
16、s father.10. When autumn comes, swallows go to the south._ _, swallows go to the south.Being a small boyAutumn comingFinish the dialogue exercise 4 on Page 37. Homework人有了知识，就会具备各种分析能力，明辨是非的能力。所以我们要勤恳读书，广泛阅读，古人说“书中自有黄金屋。”通过阅读科技书籍，我们能丰富知识，培养逻辑思维能力；通过阅读文学作品，我们能提高文学鉴赏水平，培养文学情趣；通过阅读报刊，我们能增长见识，扩大自己的知识面。有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操，给我们巨大的精神力量，鼓舞我们前进。
