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1、话题Fantasy Literature(奇幻文学奇幻文学)连线高考高考20102010山山东,阅读理解理解CC功能功能Telling a story(讲故事故事)语法法Adverbial clauses with ing(动词ing形式作状形式作状语)重点重点词汇及拓及拓展展1.series n系列,从系列,从书2hero n(小小说、电影中的影中的)男主角男主角3definitely adv.确定地,一确定地,一定地定地4exhaustion n疲疲惫,精,精疲力竭疲力竭5edge n边,边缘6.shape n形状形状7prospect n视野,景象,野,景象,景色景色8awake adj
2、.醒着的,清醒的醒着的,清醒的9appeal n吸引力,魅力吸引力,魅力10gifted adj.有天才的,有天赋的有天才的,有天赋的11burden n负担,重负负担,重负12.thus adv.因此,所以因此,所以13exclaim v惊叫,大叫惊叫,大叫14power n力量,能力力量,能力15hesitate v犹豫,犹豫,迟疑疑hesitation n犹豫犹豫重点重点词汇及拓及拓展展16marry v结婚;嫁婚;嫁/娶娶(某人某人)marriage n婚姻婚姻married adj.已婚的已婚的17punish v惩罚punishment n惩罚18invisible adj.看不看
3、不见的的visible adj.(反反义词)有形的有形的19possess v拥有,占有有,占有possession n所有物所有物重点重点短短语1.hold out伸出伸出2come up to朝朝走走过来来3keep ones eyes on注注视,盯着看,注意着看,注意4play an important part in在在中起重要作用中起重要作用5turn away打打发走,将走,将拒之拒之门外外6.(be) associated with与与有有关系,与关系,与联系在一起系在一起7appeal to sb.对某人有吸引某人有吸引力力8set out出出发,动身身9be invisib
4、le_to对看不看不见,无形的,无形的10on_deposit存款存款重点重点句型句型1.If necessary如果有必要的如果有必要的话(省略句省略句)2Give me a moment.请稍等。稍等。1hesitate v犹豫,迟疑犹豫,迟疑归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)hesitate (about)对对犹豫不决犹豫不决hesitate about/at/at/over doing sth.做做犹犹豫豫不不决决;关关于于犹豫不决犹豫不决hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事迟疑做某事(2)hesitation nCC犹豫;踌躇;迟疑;不情愿犹豫;踌躇;迟疑;不情愿without he
5、sitation毫不犹豫地毫不犹豫地have no hesitation in saying毫不犹豫地说毫不犹豫地说例例句句:Hes still hesitating about joining/over whether to join the expedition.他他对是否去参加探是否去参加探险仍拿不定主意。仍拿不定主意。If you have any questions,dont hesitate to ask me.如如果果你有什么你有什么问题,尽管,尽管问我。我。He jumped into the water to save the drowning child without h
6、esitation.他毫不犹豫地跳下水去救那个溺水的儿童。他毫不犹豫地跳下水去救那个溺水的儿童。【链接训练链接训练】Whenever I ask him for help, he doesnt _ me, which moves me a lot.Ahesitate helping Bhesitate to helpCbend down to help Ddoubt to help【解解析析】考考查查hesitate构构成成的的固固定定短短语语hesitate to do sth.“迟迟疑疑于于做做某某事事”。句句意意为为:不不管管我我什什么么时时候候找找他他帮帮忙忙,他他都毫不犹豫地帮助我,
7、这让我很感动。都毫不犹豫地帮助我,这让我很感动。【答案答案】B2marry v娶;嫁;结婚;主持婚礼娶;嫁;结婚;主持婚礼归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)marry sb.嫁给嫁给/娶某人娶某人marry sb.to sb. else把某人嫁给某人把某人嫁给某人/让某人娶某人让某人娶某人(2)marriage n结婚,婚礼结婚,婚礼by marriage通过通过(借助于借助于)婚姻婚姻(3)married adj.已婚的,结婚的;夫妇已婚的,结婚的;夫妇(间间)的的例句:例句:He married her daughter to a banker.他把女儿嫁他把女儿嫁给了一个了一个银行家。行家。She
8、married well.她嫁了一个好人家。她嫁了一个好人家。Its said that they have been married for 20 years.据据说他他们已已经结婚婚20年了。年了。The Wangs and the Zhangs are connected by marriage.王王家和家和张家家联姻了。姻了。同类辨析同类辨析be married (to sb.)与与get married(to sb.)(1)marry不不可可与与with搭搭配配,marry sb.意意为为“和和某某人人结结婚婚,嫁给某人,娶某人嫁给某人,娶某人”。(2)be married与与be
9、married to sb.意意为为“和和某某人人结结婚婚”,表表示状态,可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。示状态,可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。(3)get married与与get married to sb.意为意为“与某人结婚与某人结婚”,强调动作,不可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。强调动作,不可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。 【链接训练链接训练】His father wants to marry her _ a soldier,but she doesnt want to _.Ato;get married Bwith;marryCto;marry to Dwith;get marr
10、ied【解解析析】 marry不不能能和和 with连连用用,故故排排除除B、D两两项项;marry sb. to sb. else“把把某某人人嫁嫁给给某某人人”;get married表表动动作作,意为意为“结婚结婚”,故选,故选A。【答案答案】A3possess归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)vt.拥有,持有拥有,持有(东西,资产东西,资产)(2)vt.具有具有(性情,特性性情,特性)(3)用被动语态表示用被动语态表示“控制,支配控制,支配”be possessed of具有,拥有具有,拥有(某种品质、能力等某种品质、能力等)be in possession ofown拥有,在某人的控制下拥有,在
11、某人的控制下be in the possession ofbelong to (某某物物)为为(某某人人)所所有有/控控制制take/have possession of占有占有例句:例句:Im afraid this is the only suitcase I possess.这恐怕是我恐怕是我仅有的一只手提箱。有的一只手提箱。She is possessed of a wonderfully calm temperament.她她性性情非常文静。情非常文静。My uncle is in possession of the house.The house is in the possess
12、ion of my uncle.这所房子所房子归我叔叔所有。我叔叔所有。【链接训练链接训练】The English language _ a vivid saying to describe this sort of situation.AownsBcontainsCholdsDpossesses【解解析析】句句意意为为:英英语语语语言言在在描描述述这这类类情情景景方方面面有有一一生生动动形形象象的的表表达达法法。possess“占占有有,拥拥有有”,可可指指具具有有财财产产、性性格格、特特点点等等。own“拥拥有有”,不不能能用用于于抽抽象象意意义义;contain“包包含,容纳含,容纳”;
13、hold“拥有,持有拥有,持有”,侧重更有力地控制或掌握。,侧重更有力地控制或掌握。【答案答案】DAccording to news reports personal_of guns in the USA causes a lot of trouble.Awealth BpossessionCmatter Dproblem【解解析析】考考查查名名词词辨辨析析。句句意意为为:根根据据新新闻闻报报道道,在在美美国国私私藏藏枪枪支支会会引引起起许许多多的的麻麻烦烦。wealth“财财富富”;possession“拥拥有有”;matter“事事情情,物物质质”;problem“问问题题”。根根据据题题
14、意意可可知答案为知答案为B项。项。【答案答案】B4distribute v分发,分配;散布,分布;分类,分区分发,分配;散布,分布;分类,分区归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)distribute sth.to/among /among sb./sb./sth.把把某某物物分分配配给给;分分发给发给(2)distribution n分发分发distributor n分发者,销售者,批发商分发者,销售者,批发商例例句句:The doctors distributed the medicines to the people in the flood area.医生把药品分发给灾区的人们。医生把药品分发给灾区的
15、人们。Milk is distributed to the local shops by Heralds Dairies.牛奶是由赫勒尔德牛奶场提供给当地商店的。牛奶是由赫勒尔德牛奶场提供给当地商店的。The map shows the distribution of this species across the world.地图上标明了这一物种在世界上的分布情况。地图上标明了这一物种在世界上的分布情况。【链接训练链接训练】In the 19th century the government _ land to settlers willing to take care of it.Aadv
16、ocated BseparatedCdivided Ddistributed【解解析析】distribute land“分分配配土土地地”。句句意意为为:在在19世世纪,政府把土地分给愿意种地的定居者。纪,政府把土地分给愿意种地的定居者。【答案答案】D1play an important part in在在中中起起重重要要作作用用;对对有重要影响有重要影响归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)play a part/role扮演一个角色扮演一个角色play a/an.part/an.part/role in参参加加;在在中中担担任任一一个个角角色色;起作用起作用play the part of扮演扮演的角色的
17、角色play an active part in在在中起积极作用中起积极作用(2)take part in参加参加take an active part in在在中起积极作用中起积极作用take ones part站在某人一边站在某人一边例例句句:His proposal will play an important part/role in our decision.他的建他的建议将在我将在我们的决定中起重要作用。的决定中起重要作用。She wants to play the leading part/role.她想担任主角。她想担任主角。The teacher takes a very a
18、ctive part in this type of classroom activity.老老师在在这类课堂活堂活动中起着十分中起着十分积极的作用。极的作用。 【链接训练链接训练】We didnt agree with him because he should not ignore the part everyone _ in winning the match.AmadeBplayedCtookDdid【解解析析】句句意意为为:我我们们不不同同意意他他的的观观点点,因因为为他他不不应应该该忽忽略略每每一一个个人人在在赢赢得得这这场场比比赛赛中中所所起起的的作作用用。本本题题考考查查固固定
19、短语定短语play a part in.“在在中起作用中起作用”。【答案答案】BThe teacher told us that everyone has an important role_in protecting the earth from_.Ato play;to polluteBto be played;to be pollutedCto play;being pollutedDto be played;being polluted【解解析析】play和和role之之间间是是动动宾宾关关系系,故故用用to play;the earth和和pollute之间为被动关系,故选之间为被动
20、关系,故选C。【答案答案】C2keep ones eyes on注视,盯着看;注意注视,盯着看;注意归纳拓展归纳拓展have an eye for对某事物有鉴赏力或判断力对某事物有鉴赏力或判断力keep/have an eye on sb./have an eye on sb./sth.关注,照料某人关注,照料某人/某物某物keep an eye out/open for sb./open for sb./sth.留心,注意留心,注意fix ones eyes on凝视着看凝视着看shut/close your eyes to sth.对对视而不见视而不见catch sb.s eye引起某人注
21、意引起某人注意look sb.in the eye(一般用于否定句一般用于否定句)直视,直视,(正视正视)某人某人例例句句:Just keep your eyes on the children while I am out,will you?我出去?我出去时请照看一下孩子照看一下孩子们,好,好吗?All of a sudden something red caught his eye.突然一个突然一个红色的色的东西引起了他的注意。西引起了他的注意。I couldnt look him in the eye afterwards,knowing that I had lost all that
22、 money.我无法再正我无法再正视他的目光,我已把那他的目光,我已把那钱全全丢了。了。【链接训练链接训练】My mother asked me to keep _ on the baby when she was busy cooking.Athe eyeBan eyeCtwo eyesDmuch eyes【解解析析】考考查查keep an eye on sb./sth./sth.“密密切切注注意意;看看管管某人某人/ /某物某物”。【答案答案】B3be associated with与与有联系有联系(有关,有瓜葛有关,有瓜葛)归纳拓展归纳拓展associate sb./sth.with/s
23、th.with把把某某人人/ /某某物物与与联联系系起起来来;由由联想联想(到到)associate with sb.与人交往与人交往(尤指他人不赞同的尤指他人不赞同的)in association with与与合伙合伙(合作合作)例句:例句:She associated happiness with having money.她把幸福和有钱联系到一起。她把幸福和有钱联系到一起。I dont want to associate myself with them any more.我我不不愿再和他们交往了。愿再和他们交往了。Toms company is in association with
24、that firm.汤姆的公司与那家公司有合作关系。汤姆的公司与那家公司有合作关系。【链接训练链接训练】She manages to successfully _ family life with a career.AjoinBconnectCcombineDassociate【解解析析】句句意意为为:她她设设法法成成功功地地将将家家庭庭生生活活和和工工作作联联系起来。系起来。associate.with.“表示将某物与另一物联系在一起表示将某物与另一物联系在一起”。【答案答案】Dving形式作状语形式作状语现在在分分词作作状状语时,其其逻辑主主语必必须与与句句子子的的主主语保保持持一一致致;
25、且且必必须与与句句子子的的主主语有有逻辑上上的的主主谓关关系系,分分词表表示示的的动作作是是次次要要动作作。在在意意义上上可可表表示示时间、原原因因、方方式式、伴伴随随、条条件件、结果果、目目的的、让步步等等,这时它它相相当当于于一一个个状状语从从句句。它它的的位位置置比比较灵灵活活,可可以以置置于于句句首首、句句中中或或句句末末,有有时用用逗逗号号分分开开,有有时也也不不用用,一一般般来来说,作作时间、原原因因或或条条件件状状语时,通通常常位位于于句句子子的的前前部部;作作方方式式、伴伴随随或或结果果状状语时,通常位于句子的后部。通常位于句子的后部。1v.ing作状语的用法作状语的用法(1)
26、用作用作时间状状语时相当于相当于when或或while引引导的从句。的从句。例例句句:Hearing the news,they jumped with great joy.(When they heard the news,they jumped with great joy.)听到听到这个消息,他个消息,他们高高兴地跳了起来。地跳了起来。注注意意:如如果果要要强强调分分词短短语所所表表示示的的动作作与与谓语动词所所表示的表示的动作同作同时发生,分生,分词短短语前可用前可用when或或while等等连词。例例句句:While working in the factory(While I wa
27、s working in the factory),I learnt a lot from the workers.我在工厂工作期我在工厂工作期间,从工人那里学到了很多,从工人那里学到了很多东西。西。(2)用作原因状用作原因状语时相当于相当于as,since,because引引导的从句。的从句。例例句句:Seeing nobody at home (Because she saw nobody at home),she decided to leave them a note.看到没人在家,她决定看到没人在家,她决定给他他们留一留一张便条。便条。Not knowing where he liv
28、ed (As/Because he did not know where he lived),he had to return home to ask his mother.不知道他住在哪里,他只有回家去不知道他住在哪里,他只有回家去问他母他母亲。(3)作作方方式式、伴伴随随状状语时不不能能用用状状语从从句句替替换,但但可可以以改改成并列句。成并列句。例句:例句:She sat at the desk reading a piece of newspaper.She sat at the desk and read a piece of newspaper.她她坐坐在桌在桌边看看报纸。(伴随伴
29、随)They came into the classroom,singing and laughing.They came into the classroom and sang and laughed.他他们说说笑笑地走笑笑地走进教室。教室。(方式方式)(4)作条件状作条件状语时相当于相当于if,unless引引导的从句。的从句。例例句句:Working hard (If you work hard),youll succeed.如果你努力工作,你就会成功。如果你努力工作,你就会成功。Turning to the right(If you turn to the right),you wil
30、l find a path leading to his cottage.如果你往右拐,你会找到通往他如果你往右拐,你会找到通往他农舍的路。舍的路。(5)作作结果状果状语时有有时相当于相当于so,so that等引等引导的从句。的从句。例例句句:The poor old man died,leaving nothing to his children.可怜的老人去世了,没有可怜的老人去世了,没有给孩子留下什么。孩子留下什么。The child fell,striking his head against the door and cutting it.The child fell so tha
31、t he struck his head against the door and cut it.那孩子摔了一跤,那孩子摔了一跤,头在在门上碰破了。上碰破了。注注意意:现在在分分词作作结果果状状语常常指指自自然然而而然然的的结果果,而而不不定式作定式作结果状果状语时,和,和only连用用时表示一种意想不到的表示一种意想不到的结果。果。例句:例句:His father died,leaving him a lot of money.他父他父亲死了,留死了,留给他一大笔他一大笔钱。He hurried to get to the station,only to find the film star
32、 had left.他匆匆到达他匆匆到达车站站结果却果却发现那个影星已那个影星已经离开了。离开了。(6)作作让步状步状语时相当于相当于though,although等引等引导的从句。的从句。例例句句:Admitting what he said (Though I admitted what he said),I still think he hasnt tried his best.尽管我承尽管我承认他的他的话,我,我还是是认为他没有尽全力。他没有尽全力。【链接训练链接训练】Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big cha
33、nges in temperature, thus _ a favorable environment.AcreatingBcreatedCto createDcreate【解解析析】考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意为为:如如果果温温度度没没有有太太大大的的变变化化,水水能能够够吸吸进进和和释释放放出出许许多多热热量量,这这样样就就能能创创造造一一个舒适的环境。现在分词个舒适的环境。现在分词creating作结果状语,符合题意。作结果状语,符合题意。【答案答案】AFinally she got too tired and fell asleep at the desk,her right
34、 hand still _ a pen.Aheld Bto holdCholding Dwas holding【解解析析】考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意为为:最最后后她她太太累累了了趴趴在在桌桌子子上上就就睡睡着着了了,她她的的右右手手里里仍仍旧旧握握着着钢钢笔笔。her right hand still holding a pen作状语,表示伴随状况。作状语,表示伴随状况。【答案答案】C2v.ing形式的否定式形式的否定式ving形形式式的的否否定定式式通通常常是是在在ing形形式式前前加加否否定定副副词not。例例句句:Not knowing what to do,he asked
35、 the teacher for advice.因因为不知道不知道该做什么,他向老做什么,他向老师请教。教。【链接训练链接训练】_ that he was in great danger,Eric walked deeper into the forest.ANot realized BNot to realizeCNot realizing DNot to have realized【解解析析】考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词的的用用法法。句句意意为为:没没有有意意识识到到他他身身处处巨巨大大危危险险之之中中,埃埃里里克克往往森森林林深深处处走走去去。realize与与逻逻辑辑主主语语Eric(
36、主主句句主主语语)之之间间是是主主谓谓关关系系,且且分分词词动动作作与与主主句句谓谓语语动动词词动动作作几几乎乎同同时时发发生生,所所以以此此处处使使用用现现在在分分词词形形式式,表表伴随。而不定式表目的,在此不符合题意,故排除。伴随。而不定式表目的,在此不符合题意,故排除。【答案答案】C3v.ing的时态和语态的时态和语态(1)现在在分分词的的主主动语态,分分为一一般般式式和和完完成成式式两两种种。现在在分分词一一般般式式所所表表示示的的动作作与与谓语动词所所表表示示的的动作作一一般般同同时进行行,而而完完成成式式所所表表示示的的动作作则在在谓语动词所所表表示示的的动作作之前已之前已经完成了
37、。完成了。例例句句:He hurried home,looking behind as he went.他他匆忙回家,匆忙回家,边走走边向后看。向后看。Having lived in New York for years,I know each part of it very well.由于住在由于住在纽约多年,我多年,我对这里的每一里的每一处都很熟悉。都很熟悉。(2)现在在分分词的的被被动语态也也分分为一一般般式式和和完完成成式式两两种种。一一般般式式表表示示一一个个被被动动作作正正在在进行行,或或与与谓语动词表表示示的的动作作同同时进行行。完完成成式式表表示示一一个个被被动动作作在在谓语动
38、词表表示示的的动作作之前已之前已经完成了。完成了。例例句句:The large building being built(which is being built) down the street will be a hospital.街道那街道那边正在建造的大楼将是一所医院。正在建造的大楼将是一所医院。Having been separated from other continents for millions of years,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world
39、.与与其其他他一一些些大大陆分分离离开开数数百百万万年年,澳澳大大利利亚的的许多多动植植物在世界其他国家不存在。物在世界其他国家不存在。【链接训练链接训练】When _ different cultures,we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.Acompared Bbeing comparedCcomparing Dhaving compared【解解析析】句句意意为为:把把不不同同的的文文化化作作对对比比时时,我我们们通通常常只只注注意意到到了了它它们们的的
40、不不同同而而忽忽视视了了它它们们的的相相似似之之处处。现现在在分分词词作作状状语语时时,现现在在分分词词的的逻逻辑辑主主语语与与句句子子主主语语必必须须一一致致,句句子子的的主主语语we与与compare是是主主动动的的关关系系,故故compare应应用用现现在在分分词词形式。形式。【答案答案】CThe country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft,the most recent _ at the end of last March.Ahas been launchedBhaving been launchedCbeing laun
41、ched Dto be launched【解解析析】the most recent having been launched是是独独立立主主格格结结构构。the most recent指指最最近近发发射射的的载载人人飞飞船船,与与launch存在被动关系,所以要用动词存在被动关系,所以要用动词ing形式的完成式的被动形式。形式的完成式的被动形式。【答案答案】BWe often provide our children with toys,footballs or basketballs,_ that all children like these things.Athinking Bthink
42、 Cto think Dthought【解解析析】动动词词ing形形式式作作状状语语表表示示主主动动和和正正在在发发生生的的动动作作。因因为为think的的逻逻辑辑主主语语是是句句子子的的主主语语,所所以以要要用用动动词词ing形形式式。不不定定式式作作状状语语常常表表示示目目的的或或结结果果;动动词词ed形形式式作状语表示被动。作状语表示被动。【答案答案】A4独立成分独立成分(1)有有些些分分词短短语可可以以作作独独立立成成分分,用用来来解解释整整个个句句子子,不不受受句句子子主主语的的限限制制。常常见分分词短短语有有:generally speaking (一一般般说来来),supposi
43、ng(假假设),judging from/by(从从判判断断),talking of(谈到到),speaking of(谈到到)等。等。例例句句:Generally speaking,girls are more careful than boys.一般一般说来女孩比男孩更来女孩比男孩更细心。心。(2)分分词短短语作作状状语时,它它的的逻辑主主语一一般般须与与句句子子的的主主语一一致致。但但有有时它它也也可可以以有有自自己己独独立立的的逻辑主主语,这种种结构构称称为独独立立结构构。独独立立结构构通通常常用用来来表表示示伴伴随随的的动作作或或情情况况,有有时还可以表示可以表示时间、原因或条件。、
44、原因或条件。例例句句:Weather permitting (If the weather permits),well go there on foot.如果天气允如果天气允许,我,我们就步行到那里。就步行到那里。【链接训练链接训练】_ from his _ look, he must have failed in the entrance exam.AJudging;worried BJudging;worryingCJudged;worried DJudged;worrying【解解析析】judge from/by作作状状语语时时只只能能用用动动词词ing形形式式,故故排排除除C、D两两项
45、项;又又因因为为look是是表表情情用用词词,故故用用worried这这一一过去分词来修饰。过去分词来修饰。【答案答案】A_,the more expensive the camera,the better its quality.AGeneral speaking BSpeaking generalCGenerally speaking DSpeaking generally【解解析析】generally speaking“一一般般来来说说”,符符合合题题意意。句意为:一般说来,越贵的相机,质量越好。句意为:一般说来,越贵的相机,质量越好。【答案答案】CLoading 同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全