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1、UNIT 2UNIT 2THE ENVIRONMENTTHE ENVIRONMENT( (主题语境主题语境: :人与自然人与自然环境与保护环境与保护) )-3-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.debate n.辩论,讨论vt.争论,思考vi.商讨,辩论经典例句TodaythereisadebateinSingaporeaboutwhichvarietyofEnglishisthebest:Singlish,oravarietyclosertoBritishEnglish.今天,在新加坡开展了一场有关哪种英语是最好的英语的争论:是新加坡式英语还是一种更接近于英式的英语。(1)debatewithsb
2、.about/on/oversth.和某人就某事辩论debatewhethertodosth./debatewhether+从句考虑/讨论是否(2)haveadebate进行讨论/辩论underdebate在讨论中beyonddebate无可争辩aheateddebate激烈的辩论-4-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Theywhowastoblameforthetrafficaccidentuntilitwas9oclock.就谁该对这起交通事故承担责任,他们一直辩论到9点。(2)Ourclassheldwhetherstudentsshouldtakecellphonestoscho
3、ol.我们班进行了关于学生是否应该带手机去学校的辩论。(3)Thesuggestionisstill.那个提议仍然还在讨论中。(4)Wearenext.我们正在讨论下一步该怎么办。(5)Thetruthofthisnewsis.这则新闻的真实性毋庸置疑。debatedaboutadebateonunderdebatedebatingwhattodobeyonddebate-5-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.appreciate vt.欣赏,赞赏;感激;领会,理解高考佳句Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,sighandappreciatetheview.(2017天津卷,
4、阅读理解)与我一样,这位女士也在这儿驻足,感叹,欣赏魅力的景色。(1)appreciatesb./sth.欣赏;高度评价;理解appreciate(ones)doingsth.感激(某人)做某事Iwouldappreciateitif.如果,我会感激不尽的。(2)appreciationn.欣赏;感激inappreciationof欣赏;感激用法点拨(1)appreciate后接动词-ing形式。(2)其后只能接“事”做宾语,而不能接“人”做宾语。(3)其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句,需先接it做形式宾语,再接从句。-6-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Whenyoulookpeo
5、pleintheeye,theyfeelyouwhattheyaresaying.当你直视别人的眼睛,他们会感觉你欣赏他们所说的话。(2015安徽卷,任务型读写)(2)Andyougivemeanearlyreply.如果你能早点回信我将非常感激。(3)HereIsincerelyexpressmyifyoucouldhelpfindthelostsuitcase.如果你能帮我找到丢失的箱子,我会真诚地表达我的感激之情。(4)Thereisnoonewhodoesntappreciatebyname.每个人都会欣赏那些能够叫上自己的名字的人。appreciateIllappreciateitv
6、erymuchifappreciationbeingcalled-7-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.operate vt.&vi.管理,经营;操作,进行;动手术经典例句Shealsooperatesawebsite,wheresheshareshertipsandrecipes,withthegoalofdemonstratingthateveryonehastheabilitytocontrolwhatsontheirplate.她还经营着一家网站,分享她的建议和菜谱,目的是证明人人都有能力控制自己的“盘中餐”。(1)operateonsb.for.因为给某人动手术(2)operationn.
7、操作;实施;军事行动;手术inoperation工作中;运行;实施put.intooperation实施;使运转doanoperationonsb.为某人动手术(3)cooperationn.合作,协力operatorn.接线员;操作员-8-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Youwanttoletarobotoperateme?(2)Untiltheraillinksareoperation,passengerscanonlytravelthroughthetunnelbycoach.(3)Whendoesthisnewlawcomeoperation?(4)Theplanbeganto
8、beputoperation.(5)Thismachineisveryeasy(operate).Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.(6)Inthegoodcareofthenurses,theboyisgraduallyrecoveringfromhisheart(operate).(7)Hedialedthe(operate)andputinacallforRome.(8)Thedepartmentstoreiswell(operate).on/uponinintointotooperateoperationoperatoroperated-9-高频单
9、词重点短语难点句型4.impress vt.使印象深刻,留下印象经典例句Helookedaroundtheroomasifhewasgoingtoimpresseverythingintheroomonhismind.他环顾四周似乎要把屋里的一切都印入他的脑海。(1)impresssb.withsth.某物给某人留下深刻印象impresssth.on/uponsb.使意识到(重要性或严重性等)(2)impressionn.印象;感想;印痕makeastrongimpressionon.给留下深刻的印象(3)impressiveadj.令人赞叹的-10-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)He
10、.他的真诚打动了她。(2)Hundredsofpeoplehaveformedofyouthroughthatlittledeviceonyourdesk.很多人只凭桌上一个小小的装置(电话)就有了对你的印象,即使从未谋面。(3)Hiscollectionofpaintingsisthemost.他的绘画收藏令人叹为观止。impressedherwithsincerityimpressionsimpressive-11-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.decrease vi.&vt.减少n.减少经典例句Todecreasetheamountofrubbishandtoprotecttheenvir
11、onment,moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.为了减少垃圾量及保护环境,越来越多的政府要求国民回收利用材料。(1)decreaseto+数字减少到decreaseby+数字减少了decreasein/ofsth.减少的量(2)onthedecrease在减少中-12-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Theaveragehouseprices13%lastyear.去年平均房价下降了13%。(2)By1881,thepopulationofIreland5.2million.到1881年,爱尔兰的人口减少到520万。(
12、3)Iftimepermitting,studentscanfindapart-timejob_(decrease)theburdenoftheirfamily.如果时间允许的话,学生们可以找一份兼职来减轻他们家庭的负担。decreasedbyhaddecreasedtotodecrease-13-高频单词重点短语难点句型6.measure vt.测量,度量(大小、容量、尺寸等);估量v.(指尺寸、长度、数量等)度量为n.措施,方法;(一定的)量,程度;尺度,标准;度量单位经典例句Regardlessofexpense,wemusttakeeverymeasuretosavetheoldman
13、slife.不管费用多少,我们必须采取一切措施抢救这位老人。(1)takemeasures/stepstodosth.采取措施做某事beyondmeasure无法估量;极度;非常forgoodmeasure外加,再增加(2)measurementn.度量,衡量(3)measure.by.用来衡量-14-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Youshouldtakeeffective(measure)toimproveyourworkingconditions.(2)Accurate(measure)isveryimportantinscience.(3)Urgentmeasures(take
14、)topreventcaremission.Evenso,itsinfluenceisstillgreatenoughtocausesmogandacidrain.(4)Educationshouldnot(measure)onlybyexaminationresults.measuresmeasurementhavebeentakenbemeasured-15-高频单词重点短语难点句型7.absorb vt.吸收;理解;使全神贯注经典例句WhilewatchingTV,childrendonotmerelyabsorbwordsandimages.看电视时,孩子们不只是吸收话语和图像。(1)
15、absorbedadj.被吸引的;一心一意的beabsorbedin全神贯注于,专心于beabsorbedby被所吞没;被所吸收(2)absorptionn.吸收;专注用法点拨(1)absorb是及物动词,只能说absorbsth.或beabsorbedinsth.。(2)表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有:belostin,beburiedin,fix/focusonesattentionon,devote.to,concentrateonesmindon,applyoneselfto,beaddictedto等。-16-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练写出句中absorb的含义(1)Howev
16、er,whensomethingdidinterestme,Icouldbecomeabsorbed.(2016北京卷,阅读理解)(2)Othersabsorblight,stoppingitdeadinitstracks.(2015北京卷,阅读理解)(3)TheyabsorbedagreatdealofRomanculture.(4)Thelecturecompletelyabsorbedtheattentionoftheaudience.同义句改写(5)HewassoabsorbedinTVthatheforgottosleep.(用过去分词短语做状语改写)TV,heforgottosle
17、ep.全神贯注吸收吸收吸引Absorbedin-17-高频单词重点短语难点句型8.range n.范围;一系列;山脉vi.(在一定范围内)变化;包括;排列,排序经典例句Noneofthehousesinourpricerangeseemedsatisfactory.(2015天津卷,完形填空)在我们的价格范围内貌似没有一座房子令人满意。(1)awiderangeof一系列;种类繁多in/outoftherangeof.在/超出的范围(2)rangefrom.to.在范围内变动;包括由到之间的各类事物rangebetween.and.在和范围内变动-18-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)W
18、ehavechoicessuchastravellingandvisitingourrelativesandfriends.我们有各种各样的选择,例如旅游和拜访亲戚朋友。(2)Cupsandplateswereneatlyonhershelves.杯子和盘子整齐地排列在她的架子上。awiderangeofranged-19-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.cut back on 减少,削减,缩减经典例句Ifwedontsellmoregoods,wellhavetocutbackonproduction.我们若不能卖出更多的货物,就必须降低产量。cutdownon削减,缩减,减少cutacross
19、抄近路通过cutaway切除,剪掉,砍掉cutdown砍倒;削减;删节cutin插嘴;打断cutout删除cutup切碎;(严重地)割伤;打伤,使伤心cutoff中断(电话通话);切去,割掉-20-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用cut短语填空(1)Howcanyoutheriskofcancer?(2)HealsosuppliedthenorthwhenAmericaenergyaid.(3)Hehadthemeatbeforehismothercameback.(4)Donttrytowhileothersaretalking.(5)WhenDadlosthisjob,wehadtoen
20、tertainmentexpenses.(6)Inordernottobelate,shethefield.(7)Theyallthedeadbranchesfromthetree.cutdowncutoffcutupcutincutbackoncutacrosscutaway-21-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.open the floor 自由发言经典例句Letsopenthefloortoquestions.接下来把时间交给现场听众来提问。(1)takethefloor发言,参加讨论get/havethefloor得到发言权askforthefloor征求发言权(2)openthemind
21、开阔思路openonesheart把心里的话说出来openoneseyes长见识,开眼界-22-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Letsfordiscussiononthatproblem.我们就那个问题自由讨论吧。(2)Ifyouhaveanythingtosayabouttheproblem,youcan.如果你对这个问题有什么要说的,你可以发言。(3)Everybodyshouldbeabletoduringthemeeting.开会时,每个人都应该有发言权。openthefloortakethefloorhavethefloor-23-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.run out(
22、of) 用完,耗尽经典例句Wehaverunoutofmoneyandourpatienceisalsorunningout.我们的钱已经用完了,我们的耐心也要耗尽了。runshortofsth.快用完某物runinto碰到;偶然遇到;遇到(困难);撞上runacross偶然遇到;穿过runafter追求;追赶,追逐runaway逃走,逃跑runover轧过;碾过runthrough浏览;穿过;流过-24-高频单词重点短语难点句型易混辨析runoutof,runout,giveout和useup(1)runoutof意为“用完了”,是及物动词短语,表示主动意义,主语一般是人。(2)runout
23、意为“用完了”,是不及物动词短语,其主语通常是时间、食物、金钱等。(3)giveout意为“用尽,精疲力竭”,可以表示人的力气“用完”或者人“筋疲力尽”,为不及物动词短语。(4)useup意为“用完,消耗尽”,为及物动词短语,相当于runoutof。-25-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用run的短语填空(1)Aboybythecarandgotkilledimmediately.(2)IwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenIJohn.(3)Theboythegoats,buthecouldnotgetthemout.wasrunoverranintoranafter-26
24、-高频单词重点短语难点句型用run out of,run out,give out或use up填空(4)Theirsavings.(5)Hisstrengthafterheranthatlongdistance.(6)Makingsoupisagoodwayofleftovervegetables.(7)Ipetrol,soIhavetostopatthenextfillingstation.ranoutgaveoutusingupamrunningoutof-27-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.under way 进行中经典例句PreparationsforthecelebrationofN
25、ationalDayareunderway.庆祝国庆的准备工作正在进行。undercontrol被控制住underdiscussion正在讨论中underpressure/stress在压力下underfire遭到炮火射击,受到攻击underthecircumstances在这种情况下underconsideration在考虑中undernocircumstances在任何情况下都不-28-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Ourplaniswell.我们的计划正在顺利地实施。(2)Peoplemayexperienceheadachesandsleepingdifficulties.Th
26、atswhyweneedtorelaxourselvesattimes.压力大的人可能会经历头痛和睡眠困难。这就是为什么我们有时需要放松自己。(3),itislittlewonderthattheyexperiencedifficulties.在这种情形下,他们遇到困难就不足为怪了。underwayunderalotofstressUndersuchcircumstances-29-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.in/with regard to 关于,至于经典例句Inregardtohisgrades,letmesaythatalotofprogresshasbeenmade.至于他的成绩,我
27、想说的是他已经取得了很大的进步。inrespectof关于,就而言concerning关于regarding关于四维热练(1)yourrecentapplication,Iamafraidweareunabletoofferyouthejob.关于你最近的申请,恐怕我们不能给你提供这份工作。(2)Davishadverylittletosaytheaccident.戴维斯对这次事故几乎没有什么可说的。With/Inregardtoregarding/concerning-30-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.The worlds population has grown by six times
28、what it was in 1800.目前的世界人口与1800年相比已增长了六倍。(Page 22)本句包含一个倍数表示法,即“倍数+what从句”。(1)A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B.(2)A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B.(3)A+be+倍数+the+名词(size,height,length,width,age,weight,etc.)+of+B.(4)The+名词+of+A+be+倍数+than+that+of+B.-31-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练Itisreportedthatanewplanethasbeendiscoveredrecently,w
29、hichisalmostthreetimesaslargeastheearth.=whichisalmosttheearth.=whichisalmosttheearth.据报道,最近发现了一颗行星,它几乎是地球的三倍大。threetimesbiggerthanthreetimesthesizeof-32-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy.我们的职责是尽量削减生产,以及减少制造和购买物品的数量。(Page 22
30、)(1)It+be+形容词+主语从句。(2)It+be+名词词组+主语从句,这类名词词组有:afact,apity,ashame,anhonour,aquestion等。(3)It+be+过去分词+主语从句,这类过去分词有:announced,believed,expected,hoped,decided,reported,said,shown等。(4)It+不及物动词+主语从句,这类不及物动词有:appear,happen,seem等。-33-高频单词重点短语难点句型(5)It+be+形容词+forsb.+动词不定式,这类句型常用形容词easy,difficult,hard,importan
31、t,possible,wise等做表语,有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者,常在不定式前加forsb.。(6)It+be+形容词+ofsb.+动词不定式,这类形容词常是表示心理品质、性格特征的形容词,如:kind,nice,stupid,clever,foolish,polite,impolite,silly,selfish,considerate等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。(7)It+be+名词或形容词+动词-ing,这类名词和形容词常常是:good,useless,senseless等。(8)It+takes(sb.)+时间(金钱)+动词不定式。-34-高频单词重点短语难点句型四
32、维热练(1)somepeoplelookdownonblindpeople.一些人瞧不起盲人是错误的。(2)forustohelpthedisabled.我们有必要帮助残疾人。(3)hehasmadesuchamistake.真遗憾,他犯了这样一个错误。(4)hehasgonetotheUSAforfurtherstudy.据说他已去美国深造了。(5)heissick.看来他似乎有病。ItiswrongthatItisnecessaryItisapitythatItissaidthatItseems/appearsthat-35-高频单词重点短语难点句型(6)givechildrentoomu
33、chmoney.重要的是别给孩子太多的钱。(7)tocleanthefloor.我的职责就是扫地。(8)halfanhourtoworkbyundergroundeveryday.他每天花半个小时乘地铁上班。ItisveryimportantnottoItismydutyIttakeshimtogo-36-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.However,I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled,and less from raw materials,the supply
34、of which is growing smaller and smaller.然而,我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收材料制造产品,减少原材料的使用,因为原材料的供应正变得越来越紧张。(Page 23)the+名词+介词+which非限制性定语从句本句中使用了“the+名词+介词+which非限制性定语从句”的句型。该结构有以下几种变形:不定代词+介词+关系代词数词+介词+关系代词the+形容词比较级(最高级)+介词+关系代词介词+whose+名词-37-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Therearetwobuildings,standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.那
35、儿有两栋楼房,大点儿的那个几乎有百英尺高。(2)Lastmonth,partofSouthAsiawasstruckbyfloods,_peoplearestillsuffering.上个月,南亚部分地区受洪水袭击,其余威还在使人们遭受苦难。thelargerofwhichfromwhoseeffects-38-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.There is no doubt that the world climate has been changing in recent years.毫无疑问,近几年世界气候在发生着变化。(Page 39)该句中that引导同位语从句。doubt用在否定句中
36、,后面接that引导的同位语从句。在否定句和疑问句中,doubt后面接that引导的从句。在肯定句中,doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的从句。但是在肯定句中,doubt后面也可以接that引导的宾语从句,但表示疑虑较大或不相信。-39-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Edwinanolongerhadwhathadhappenedtothemissingmoney.对于失款事件的真相,埃德温娜已不再有什么怀疑。(2)ItwasonlythenthatIbegantohavemystorywouldeverbetold.到那时我才开始怀疑我的经历究竟能不能公之于众。(3)she
37、willkeepherword.毫无疑问她会遵守诺言的。doubtsaboutdoubtswhether/ifThereisnodoubtthat-40- .单句语法填空1.Hewaspraisedforhissenseof(responsible).2.Shortlyafterthe(operate),thepatientpickedup.3.Thefinalexamisapproachingandallthestudentsare_(absorb)instudy.4.China(economy)strengthhasgreatlyimproved.5.Whatyousaidleftagoo
38、d(impress)onme.6.regardtofutureoilsupplies,thesituationisuncertain.7.Theresearchprojecthasbeenwayforthreemonths.8.Theyarelettingfireworksintheparktonight.9.Wehaveusedmostofthecloth,andallwehaveleftisafewbitsandpieces.10.Thetemperatureranges15to35degrees.responsibilityoperationabsorbedeconomicimpress
39、ionIn/Withunderoffupfrom-41- .单句改错1.Hepickupthephoneanddialedthenumber._2.Idappreciateifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome._3.Herspeechmadeagoodimpressontheaudience._4.Weshouldtakesomemeasuretosolvethisproblem._5.Hisarrivebroughtcompletesilencetotheroom._pickpickedappreciate后加itimpres
40、simpressionmeasuremeasuresarrivearrival-42- 6.Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhensomethingarrestherattention._7.Itwasshockingthatthemayorwasarrestedafterhetookofficeforlittlethanayear._arrestarrestedlittleless-43- .话题微写作翻译下面5个句子,然后通过合理想象,用恰当的修辞手段整合成一篇短文。1.人们越来越有环保意识了。(aware)2.为了减少环境污染,人们已经采取了一些措施。
41、(cutbackon)3.为了减少二氧化碳的排放,人们开始放弃使用车辆,而是骑自行车出行。(letoff)4.人们开始学着回收利用一些废物,倡导低碳生活。(recycle,low-carbon)5.如果每个人都尽自己的一份责任,我们才能享有舒适的环境。(doonespart)-44- Peoplebecomemoreandmoreawareoftheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.Tocutbackonthepollution,peoplebegintotakemeasures.Peopleridebikesinsteadofusingvehiclesinordertoletofflesscarbondioxide.Besides,peoplelearntorecyclesomewasteandcalloneachothertolivealow-carbonlife.Onlywheneveryonedoeshispartcanweenjoyacomfortableenvironment.
