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1、动词动词ing形式的被动语态形式的被动语态.动词动词ing形式的被动语态的构成形式：形式的被动语态的构成形式：ving形形式式的的被被动动形形式式有有一一般般式式和和完完成成式式两两种种形形式式，即即being done和和having been done。一一般般式式表表示示一一个个被被动动的的动动作作正正在在进进行行或或与与谓谓语语动动词词的的动动作作同同时时发发生生；完完成成式式表表示示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如：的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如：That building being repaired is our library.正在维修的那座大楼是我们的图
2、书馆。正在维修的那座大楼是我们的图书馆。I appreciated having been given the chance to study abroad two years ago.我非常感激两年前获得了去国外学习的机会。我非常感激两年前获得了去国外学习的机会。.动词动词ing形式的被动语态的用法形式的被动语态的用法1)作主语作主语Being punished by the headmaster made Jim unhappy.受到校长的惩罚使吉姆很不高兴。受到校长的惩罚使吉姆很不高兴。Its fun being taken to the zoo.被带去动物园真有意思。被带去动物园真有意
3、思。2)作宾语作宾语I forget once being taken to the seaside when I was young.我忘了小时候曾被带到海边。我忘了小时候曾被带到海边。3)作表作表语What made his parents happy was his being admitted to a famous university.让他父母高他父母高兴的是他被名牌大学的是他被名牌大学录取了。取了。4)作作宾语补足足语He often watched the boats being unloaded.他常常看他常常看轮船卸船卸货。5)作状作状语一一般般式式的的被被动语态强强调正正
4、在在进行行的的被被动动作作，而而完完成成式式的的被被动语态则强强调被被动动作作在在谓语动词所所表表示示的的动作作之之前已完成。前已完成。Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were safe.有一堵厚有一堵厚墙掩掩护着，他着，他们感到很安全。感到很安全。Having been shown around the lab, the visitors were taken to the playground.看看过实验室之后，室之后，这些参些参观者又被者又被带着去看操着去看操场了。了。6)作定作定语The meeting being hel
5、d now is very important.现在正在召开的会在正在召开的会议非常重要。非常重要。He asked who was the man being operated on.他他问正在接受手正在接受手术的人是的人是谁。知识拓展知识拓展ving形形式式的的被被动动式式表表示示一一个个被被动动的的动动作作正正在在进进行行；过过去去分分词词通通常常表表示示一一个个被被动动的的动动作作已已经经发发生生；不不定定式式的的被被动式通常表示将来的一个被动的动作。动式通常表示将来的一个被动的动作。a meeting being held now 现在正在举行的一次会议现在正在举行的一次会议a me
6、eting held yesterday 昨天举行的一次会议昨天举行的一次会议a meeting to be held tomorrow 明明天天将将举举行行的的一一次次会会议议.单项填空单项填空1(2010安安徽徽30) He had a wonderfull childhood，_with his mother to all corners of the world.AtravelBto travelCtraveled Dtraveling答答案案：D本本题题题题意意：他他有有一一个个美美好好的的童童年年，随随同同母母亲亲一一起起周周游游世世界界。本本题题考考查查分分词词短短语语担担任任状
7、状语语。动动作作travel与与主主语语he之之间间存存在在逻逻辑辑上上的的“主主谓谓关关系系”，采采用用现现在在分分词词形式。形式。2(2010北北京京 21)_at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.ALooking BLook CTo look DLooked答答案案：A本本题题意意：看看着着同同学学们那那一一张张面面孔孔，我我察察觉到到了了他他们眼眼神神中中所所流流露露出出来来的的同同样的的兴奋神神情情。本本题考考查现在在分分词短短语担担任任时间状状语，表表示示与与谓语动作作同同时发生的一个主生的
8、一个主动动作。作。3 (2010福福 建建 25) Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock，_supplies to Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake.Asending Bto send Chaving sent Dto have sent答答案案：A本本题题意意：地地震震发生生后后，大大量量的的救救援援人人员昼昼夜夜不不停停地地为青青海海省省玉玉树县提提供供补给。现在在分分词短短语sending supplies to Yushu担担任任方方式式或或伴伴随随状状语，表表示
9、示句句子子的主的主语所所发出的一个与出的一个与谓语动作作work同同时发生的主生的主动动作。作。4 (2010湖湖 南南 21) Listen! Do you hear someone_for help?Acalling Bcall Cto call Dcalled 答答案案：A本本题题题题意意：听听！你你听听见见有有人人在在喊喊救救命命吗吗？ 表表示示感感觉觉的的动动词词 see, hear, feel, smell以以及及listen(to), notice和和watch等等，它它们们既既可可以以采采用用现现在在分分词词担担任任宾宾补补，也也可可以以采采用用不不带带to的的不不定定式式担担
10、任任宾宾补补，但但含含义义不不同同。现现在在分分词词既既可可表表示示动动作作到到目目前前为为止止已已结结束束，也也可可表表示示仍仍在在进进行行之之中中，所所以以它它的的用用法法较较为为普普遍遍。但但意意欲欲强强调调这这一一动动作作到到目目前前为为止止已已经经结结束束时时，要要用用不不带带to的的不不定定式式。此此外外，表表达达一一连连串串的的动动作作时时它它比比分分词词形形式式在在形形式式上上要要简简练练些些。例例如如： I saw him changing the wheel.(我我看看见见他他换换轮轮子子)这这个个句句子子可可以以指指看看见见了了动动作作的的整整个个过过程程，也也可可指指只
11、只看看见见动动作作的的一一部部分分。 I saw him change the wheel. 意指我看到了动作的全过程。意指我看到了动作的全过程。5(2010湖湖南南26) Dina，_for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.Astruggling Bstruggled Chaving struggled Dto struggle答答案案：C本本题题意意：蒂蒂娜娜数数月月来来一一直直在在努努力力寻找找一一份份作作服服务员的的工工作作，最最终在在当当
12、地地的的广广告告代代理理公公司司得得到到了了一一个个职位位。本本题考考查分分词短短语担担任任时间状状语，动作作struggle与与主主语Dina之之间构构成成逻辑上上的的“主主谓关关系系”，且且发生生在在谓语动作作took a position之前，故采用之前，故采用现在分在分词的完成式。的完成式。6(2010江江苏28) The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu，_the students to return to their classrooms.
13、Aenabling Bhaving enabled Cto enable Dto have enabled答答案案：A本本题题意意：这位位退退休休老老人人把把自自己己的的大大多多数数积蓄蓄都都捐捐给了了在在玉玉树地地震震中中受受损的的学学校校，使使学学生生能能够重重返返校校园园。现在在分分词短短语在在句句中中担担任任结果果状状语，表表示示一一个个自自然然而然的而然的结果。果。7(2010江江西西24) The lady walked around the shops，_an eye out for bargains.Akeep Bkept Ckeeping Dto keep答答案案：C本本题题
14、意意：那那位位女女士士在在商商店店闲逛逛，仔仔细观察察着着那那些些便便宜宜货。本本题考考查现在在分分词短短语担担任任方方式式或或伴伴随随状状语，表表示示一一个个与与谓语动作作walk同同时发生生的的主主动动作作。注注意意，keep an eye out for表表示示“警警戒戒；密密切切注注意意”。例例如如：The police have been instructed to keep an eye out for pickpockets at the fair. 警察奉命警察奉命监视博博览会里的扒手。会里的扒手。8(2010四四川川17) The lawyer listened with f
15、ull attention，_to miss any point.Anot trying Btrying not Cto try not Dnot to try答答案案：B本本题题意意：律律师全全神神贯注注，试图抓抓住住问题的的要要害害。本本题考考查现在在分分词短短语担担任任方方式式或或伴伴随随状状语以以及及动词不定式否定式的用法。不定式否定式的用法。9(2010天天津津12)It rained heavily in the south，_serious flooding in several provinces.Acaused Bhaving caused Ccausing Dto caus
16、e 答答案案：C本本题题意意：南南方方雨雨下下得得很很大大，几几个个省省份份发生生了了洪洪涝灾灾害害。本本题考考查现在在分分词短短语担担任任结果果状状语，表表示一个自然而然的示一个自然而然的结果。果。10(2010重重庆30)The news shocked the public, _to great concern about students safety at school.Ahaving led BledCleading Dto lead答答案案：C本本题题意意：这个个消消息息使使公公众众震震惊惊，引引发了了人人们对学学生生在在校校安安全全的的高高度度关关注注。本本题考考查现在在分分词
17、短短语担任担任结果状果状语，表示一个自然而然的，表示一个自然而然的结果。果。 11 (2010浙浙 江江 20) The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and_less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.Abeing weighed Bto weighCweighed Dweighing答答案案：D本本题题意意：交交通通规则指指出出四四岁以以下下以以及及体体重重不不超超过四四十十磅磅的的儿儿童童必必须坐坐在在儿儿童童安安全全座座椅椅上上。现在在分分词短短语w
18、eighing less than 40 pounds担担任任后后置置定定语，修修饰名名词young children，相相当当于于定定语从从句句who/that weigh less than 40 pounds.12(2010上上海海秋秋32)I had great difficulty_the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.Afind Bfound Cto find Dfinding答答案案：D本本题题意意：在在那那家家餐餐厅的的菜菜单上上，我我很很难找找到到适适宜宜的的饭菜菜。have difficulty(in)doing
19、sth.表表示示“做做某某事事有困有困难”。13(2010上上海海秋秋35)_the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.AApproaching BApproached CTo approach DTo be approached答答案案：A本本题题意意：走走近近市市中中心心，我我们看看到到一一个个石石头雕雕像像，约10米米高高。本本题考考查现在在分分词短短语担担任任时间状状语，表示一个与表示一个与谓语动作同作同时发生的主生的主动动作。作。14 Janes summer vacation in Ame
20、rica led_an American.Ato her marrying Bfor her to marryCto be married Dto her being married答答案案：Alead to作作“导致致，产生生”解解，其其中中的的to是是介介词，后后接接动名名词，故故排排除除B、C两两项。be married to sb.表表状状态， marry sb.表表动作。作。15Were all looking forward_.Ato be written to Bto writeCto being written to Dto writing答答案案：Clook forward
21、to是是一一短短语，其其中中to为介介词，故排除故排除A、B选项。从句意上分析。从句意上分析应使用使用动名名词的被的被动式。式。16When he saw a mouse_on the table, he stopped drawing and_it.Aplay; watched Bplaying; watchedCplaying; watching Dto play; watching答答案案：Bsee sb. doing sth.意意为“看看见某某人人正正在在做做某某事事”，and连接两个并列接两个并列谓语，动词时态保持一致。保持一致。17 He managed to steal into
22、 the room without_and took away all the money.Anoticing Bbeing noticedChave noticed Dhaving been noticed答答案案：Bwithout是是介介词，后后接接名名词或或动名名词作作宾语，此此处用用动名名词的被的被动式表示式表示“被人被人发现”。18 More attention should be paid_the pollution of the environment.Ato protect Bto saveCto protecting Dto preventing答答案案：Dpay atten
23、tion to是是固固定定搭搭配配，意意为“注注意意”，to是是介介词，所所以以后后接接动名名词作作宾语；protect意意为“保保护”；prevent指指“阻止阻止”，故，故选D项。19Whats the matter with the man?_from school for nothing made him mad.AHis son is absentBHis son being absentCHis sons being absentDHis sons absent答答案案：Cones doing sth.是是动名名词的的复复合合结构构，可可以以作主作主语、宾语或表或表语，此，此处Hi
24、s sons being absent作主作主语。20Its no good_work and not_up our experience.Adoing; to sum Bdoing; summingCto do; to sum Dto do; summing答答案案：BIts no good doing sth.是是固固定定句句型型，意意为“做做某某事事是是不不好好的的”，此此处的的do和和sum up两两个个动作作是是并并列列关关系，所以都用系，所以都用动名名词形式。形式。21What worried the boy most was_to visit his mother in the
25、hospital.Ahis not allowingBhis not being allowedChis being not allowedDhaving not been allowed答答案案：Bones being done是是动名名词复复合合结构构的的被被动式式，变成成否否定定式式直直接接在在动名名词前前加加not，即即ones not being done，这个个结构可作主构可作主语、宾语或表或表语。22He was angry at_the truth.Anot telling Bnot toldCnot being told Dnot having told答案：答案：Cnot
26、being told表示表示“没有被告知没有被告知”。23I try_the rule but I always forget.Why dont you try_it down?Ato remember; writing Bremember; to writeCto remember; to write Dremembering; writing答答案案：A句句意意：“我我尽尽力力去去记这条条规则但但是是总是是记不不住住。”“”“那那你你为什什么么不不试着着把把它它写写下下来来呢呢？”try to do sth.意意为“尽力做某事尽力做某事”，try doing sth.意意为“试着做某事着做
27、某事”。24Do you feel like_there or shall we take a bus?Id like to walk. But since there isnt much time left, Id rather we_a taxi.Awalking; hire Bto walk; hireCto walk; hired Dwalking; hired答答案案：Dfeel like意意为“想想要要”，后后接接名名词或或动名名词作作宾语，不不接接不不定定式式。would rather后后接接宾语从从句句时，常常常常构构成下列句式：成下列句式：would rather(that)
28、sb. did sth./had done sth.25_a reply, he decided to write again.ANot receiving BNot having receivedCReceiving not DHaving not received答答案案：Bnot having received为现在在分分词的的完完成成式式的的否定式在句中担任状否定式在句中担任状语，表示到，表示到现在在为止止还没有收到。没有收到。26_such a good chance, he plans to learn more.ATo be given BHaving givenCHaving
29、been given DGiving答答案案：C此此处用用现在在分分词完完成成式式的的被被动式式作作状状语，强强调主主句句的的主主语是是动作作的的承承受受者者，同同时分分词的的动作作发生生在在主句主句谓语动作之前。作之前。27 The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed_.Acatching Bto be caughtCbeing caught Dto catch答答案案：C句句意意为“这只只松松鼠鼠如如此此幸幸运运，以以致致它它刚刚逃逃脱脱了了被被抓抓(的的命命运运)”。miss后后接接动名名词担担任任宾语，考考虑逻辑关系，关系，选用被用被动形
30、式。形式。28 While shopping, people sometimes cant help_into buying something they dont really need.Apersuade BpersuadingCbeing persuaded Dbe persuaded答答案案：Ccant help doing sth表表示示“忍忍不不住住做做某某事事”，此此处用用动名名词的被的被动式。式。29She didnt remember_him before.Ahaving met Bhave metCto met Dto having met答案：Aremember后后接接动
31、名名词形形式式作作宾语，表表示示“记得曾得曾经做做过某事某事”。30What do you think of the book?Oh, excellent! Its worth_a second time.Ato read Bto be readCreading Dbeing read答答案案：Cbe worth doing.表表示示“值得得做做”，采采用用动名名词的主的主动形式表示被形式表示被动意意义。Unit 3 Under the sea人教版英语同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全Unit 3 Under the sea人教版英语同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全
