《高考英语二轮复习与增分策略 专题一 阅读理解 第二节 方法运用于命题课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语二轮复习与增分策略 专题一 阅读理解 第二节 方法运用于命题课件（37页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、第二节方法运用于命题专题一阅读理解栏目索引阅读理解的常考命题跟踪训练1.细节理解题细节理解题细细节节理理解解题题在在高高考考英英语语阅阅读读理理解解试试题题中中所所占占比比例例最最大大，但但这这部部分分题题目目相相对对来来说说比比较较简简单单，只只要要通通过过题题干干的的关关键键词词，在在文文中中找找到到题题目目的的相相关关信信息息，仔仔细细对对比比，就就能能得得出出答答案案。其其正正确确选选项项特特征征为为：同同义义替替换换、语语言言简简化化、正正话话反反说说等等。其其干干扰扰项项特特征征为为：张张冠冠李李戴戴、无无中中生生有有、曲曲解解文意、颠倒是非等。文意、颠倒是非等。阅读理解的常考命题
2、2.词义猜测题词义猜测题高高考考阅阅读读理理解解试试题题中中对对于于词词义义猜猜测测题题的的考考查查力力度度逐逐步步加加大大。词词义义猜猜测测是是一一种种阅阅读读技技巧巧和和能能力力，考考查查考考生生在在短短时时间间内内根根据据上上下下文文快快速速猜猜测测所所指指定定的的某某一一个个生生词词、词词组组或或者者句句子子含含义义的的能能力力，而而这这些些词词或或词词组组往往往往超超出出考考纲纲范范围围。要要做做好好该该类类试试题题需需要要：利利用用上上下下文文线线索索猜猜测测词词义义(重重述述、定定义义、举举例例、同同义义词词或或近近义义词词、反反义义词词等等)；根根据据语语法法知知识识猜猜测测词
3、词义义；根根据据上上下下文文逻逻辑辑猜猜测词义；根据构词法猜测词义；根据常识或背景知识猜测词义等。测词义；根据构词法猜测词义；根据常识或背景知识猜测词义等。3.推理判断题推理判断题推推理理判判断断题题考考查查考考生生根根据据字字面面意意思思，通通过过逻逻辑辑关关系系，研研究究细细节节，推推敲敲作作者者的的态态度度，理理解解文文章章寓寓意意的的能能力力。推推理理判判断断题题涉涉及及的的可可能能是是文文中中一一句句或或几几句句话话，甚甚至至是是文文章章或或段段落落的的主主题题，弄弄清清正正确确选选项项或或干干扰扰选选项项特特征征是是做做题题的的关关键键。其其正正确确选选项项特特征征为为：立立足足原
4、原文文，只只推推一一步步；一一般般不不可可出出现现绝绝对对概概念念。其其干干扰扰选选项项特特征征为为：曲曲解解文文意意、张张冠冠李李戴戴、偷偷梁梁换换柱柱、无无中中生生有有、鱼鱼目目混混珠、扩缩范围等。珠、扩缩范围等。4.主旨大意题主旨大意题主主旨旨大大意意题题主主要要考考查查考考生生把把握握全全文文主主题题和和理理解解中中心心思思想想的的能能力力，以以概概括括中中心心大大意意、段段落落大大意意、选选择择标标题题及及判判断断作作者者写写作作意意图图等等形形式式出出现现。其其正正确确选选项项特特征征为为：涵涵盖盖性性强强，覆覆盖盖全全文文或或全全段段；确确定定的的范范围围恰恰当当，既既不不太太大
5、大，也也不不太太小小；精精确确性性强强，不不会会改改变变语语言言表表意意的的程程度度及及色色彩彩。其其干干扰扰选选项项特特征征为为：过过于于笼笼统统，不不知知所所云云；以以偏偏概概全全，主主次次不不分分；移移花花接接木木，偷偷换换概概念念；无无中中生有，生搬硬套等。生有，生搬硬套等。点津点津解答各类命题时往往是多法并举，而不是一种方法解决一种题。解答各类命题时往往是多法并举，而不是一种方法解决一种题。 In the coming months，we are bringing together artists from all over the globe，to enjoy speaking S
6、hakespeares plays in their own language，in our Globe，within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for.Please come and join us.典例1(2017全国全国，A)National Theatre of ChinaBeijing|ChineseThis great occasion(盛盛会会) will be the National Theatre of Chinas first visit to the UK.The companys productions show the n
7、ew face of 21st century Chinese theatre.This production of Shakespeares Richard will be directed by the Nationals Associate Director，Wang Xiaoying.Date & Time：Saturday 28 April,2：30 pm & Sunday 29 April,1：30 pm & 6：30 pmMarjanishvili TheatreTbilisi|Georgian One of the most famous theatres in Georgia
8、，the Marjanishvili，founded in 1928，appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world.This new production of As You Like It is helmed(指指导导) by the companys Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.Date & Time：Friday 18 May,2：30 pm & Saturday 19 May,7：30 pmDeafinitely TheatreLondon|British Sign Langua
9、ge (BSL)By translating the rich and humourous text of Loves Labours Lost into the physical language of BSL， Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeares comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.Date & Time：Tues
10、day 22 May，2：30 pm & Wednesday 23 May，7：30 pmHabima National TheatreTel Aviv|HebrewThe Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide.Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution，the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s.Since 1958，they have been recognised as the nation
11、al theatre of Israel.This production of Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.Date & Time：Monday 28 May,7：30 pm & Tuesday 29 May,7：30 pm 语语篇篇解解读读本本文文是是四四则则广广告告，属属于于应应用用文文。文文章章主主要要介介绍绍了了四四家家剧剧院院有有关莎士比亚戏剧的演出信息。关莎士比亚戏剧的演出信息。 解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。可可运运用用扫扫读读法法、关关键键词词法法、关关键键信信息息定
12、定位位法法等等解解答答该该题题。根根据据“National Theatre of ChinaBeijing|Chinese”下下面面的的第第三三句句“This production of Shakespeares Richard will be directed by the Nationals Associate Director，Wang Xiaoying.”可可知知，将将要要在在中中国国国国家家大剧院上演的是大剧院上演的是Richard ，故选，故选A项。项。21.Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?
13、A.Richard .B.Loves Labours Lost.C.As You Like It.D.The Merchant of Venice.答案解析222321解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。可可运运用用扫扫读读法法、关关键键信信息息定定位位法法、题题段段一一致致法法、位位置置特特征征法法等等解解答答该该题题。根根据据“Deafinitely Theatre London|British Sign Language (BSL)”下下面面的的“By translating the rich and humorous text of Loves Labours Lost into the p
14、hysical language of BSL.”可可知知，在在Deafinitely Theatre中，戏剧是用中，戏剧是用BSL(英国手语英国手语)来演出的。故选来演出的。故选C项。项。 22.What is special about Deafinitely Theatre?A.It has two groups of actors.B.It is the leading theatre in London.C.It performs plays in BSL.D.It is good at producing comedies.答案解析222321解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。可可运运
15、用用扫扫读读法法、关关键键信信息息定定位位法法、题题段段一一致致法法、位位置置特特征征法法等等解解答答该该题题。根根据据题题干干中中的的in Hebrew可可以以定定位位至至Habima National Theatre处处，根根据据最最后后一一部部分分内内容容“Date & Time：Monday 28 May,7：30 pm & Tuesday 29 May,7：30 pm”可可知知，在在5月月29日日是是可可以以在在Hebrew看戏剧的，故选看戏剧的，故选D项。项。23.When can you see a play in Hebrew?A.On Saturday 28 April.B.
16、On Sunday 29 April.C.On Tuesday 22 May.D.On Tuesday 29 May.答案解析222321 I first met Paul Newman in 1968，when George Roy Hill，the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid，introduced us in New York City.When the studio didnt want me for the filmit wanted somebody as well known as Paulhe stood up f
17、or me.I dont know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.典例2(2017全国全国，B)The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference，we
18、 both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.We were respectful of craft(技技艺艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous，aggressive，and making fun of each otherbut always with an under
19、lying affection.Those were also at the core(核心核心) of our relationship off the screen.We shared the belief that if youre fortunate enough to have success，you should put something backhe with his Newmans Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill，and me with Sundance and th
20、e institute and the festival.Paul and I didnt see each other all that regularly， but sharing that brought us together.We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.I last saw him a few months ago.Hed been in and out of the hospital.He and I both knew what the deal was，and we didnt
21、talk about it.Ours was a relationship that didnt need a lot of words.语篇解读语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和一位著名演员本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和一位著名演员Paul Newman之间的友谊。之间的友谊。解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。可可运运用用扫扫读读法法、关关键键词词法法、关关键键信信息息定定位位法法等等解解答答该该题题。根根据据第第一一段段第第二二句句“When the studio didnt want me for the filmit wanted somebody as well kn
22、own as Paulhe stood up for me.”可可知知，电电影影公公司司想想要要像像保保罗罗那那样样出出名名的的人人，由由此此可可以以判判断断，作作者者不不够够出出名名，故故选选C项。项。24.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first?A.Paul Newman wanted it.B.The studio powers didnt like his agent.C.He wasnt famous enough.D.The director recommended someone e
23、lse.答案解析2526242725.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?A.They were of the same age.B.They worked in the same theater.C.They were both good actors.D.They had similar characteristics.答案解析25262427解解析析代代词词指指代代题题。可可运运用用关关键键信信息息定定位位法法、题题段段一一致致法法、扫扫读读法法等等解解答答该该题题。根根据据第第三三段段第第一一句句“We share
24、d the belief that.”以以及及下下面面对对belief的的具具体体解解释释可可知知，画画线线处处是是指指共共同同拥拥有有这这种种“信信念念”使使他他们们两两人人连连在一起，故选在一起，故选A项。项。26.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Their belief.B.Their care for children.C.Their success.D.Their support for each other.答案解析25262427解解析析写写作作意意图图题题。可可运运用用扫扫读读法法、关
25、关键键词词法法、关关键键信信息息定定位位法法等等解解答答该该题题。本本文文是是按按照照时时间间顺顺序序写写的的，从从作作者者与与保保罗罗的的最最初初相相见见，到到友友谊谊慢慢慢慢加加深深，以以及及几几个个月月前前去去看看生生病病的的保保罗罗，由由此此可可知知作作者者写写此此文文的的目目的的是是回忆一位朋友，故选回忆一位朋友，故选B项。项。27.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To show his love of films.B.To remember a friend.C.To introduce a new movie.D
26、.To share his acting experience.答案解析25262427A(2017福建师大附中期中福建师大附中期中)For most seventh graders，life doesnt get much harder than a history test.But for Grant Reed of Bellville，Ohio，its his own current events that are so painful.“Honestly，I dont want to die，” Grant says.Last year，doctors at Nationwide Ch
27、ildrens Hospital in Columbus found a tumor(肿肿瘤瘤) in Grants brain.They cut it out，but the surgery left him with stroke-like symptoms.Plus， he had to go through months of radiation and chemotherapy to try to stop the spread of the disease. 跟踪训练Yet，through it all，Grant has shown remarkable determinatio
28、n，which he owes，partly，to Ohio State football.His parents，Troy and Denise，were both in the OSU marching band and fell in love during halftime of the Michigan game.His cat is named after the team Buckeye.His wardrobe is painted scarlet (the color of the teams sportswear).The point is，almost nothing m
29、attered more to Grant than Ohio State footballuntil he got sick，of course.“I didnt like the word cancer，” Grant says.So he decided not to use the word.Instead，the kid named his cancer Michigan and insisted everyone in his life refer to it as such，because Ohio State always beats Michigan.That was som
30、ething he could understand and make it into a competition.He was going to beat this disease. Its now been more than a year since Grant issued that announcement.“And if you look at his scans，” Dr.Randal at Nationwide Childrens says，“Theres nothing there.Theres a big space，but theres no tumor.”“Grant
31、is beating Michigan.And although much of it has to go to science，dont ignore the semantics(语语义义学学).You have to do something to make it a disease you can fight.And for Grant，that was naming it Michigan，” his parents say.This weekend，Ohio State and Michigan will be battling like their lives depend on
32、it.But in this house，the Reed family will be watching with a calm insight：its just a game. 语篇解读语篇解读Grant得了癌症，但是他没有放弃，通过自己坚强的意志力和得了癌症，但是他没有放弃，通过自己坚强的意志力和医学的帮助，战胜了病魔。医学的帮助，战胜了病魔。 语篇解读解解析析段段落落大大意意题题。可可运运用用扫扫读读法法、关关键键词词法法、关关键键信信息息定定位位法法等等解解答答该该题题。根根据据文文章章第第一一段段的的句句子子“Last year，doctors at Nationwide Chil
33、drens Hospital in Columbus found a tumor(肿肿瘤瘤) in Grants brain.”及为此接受的治疗等可知，该段主要介绍及为此接受的治疗等可知，该段主要介绍Grant得了重病。故选得了重病。故选B。1.Whats the main idea of the first paragraph?A.History is a difficult subject.B.Grant suffered a serious disease.C.The operation was successful.D.The tumor has spread all over.答案解
34、析231解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。可可运运用用扫扫读读法法、关关键键词词法法、关关键键信信息息定定位位法法等等解解答答该题。根据文章第二段描述可知，该题。根据文章第二段描述可知，Grant天生是个足球迷。故选天生是个足球迷。故选A。2.From the second paragraph，we can infer that .A.Grant was born a football fanB.football makes a full manC.interest is the best teacherD.God helps those who help themselves答案解析231解解析
35、析推推理理判判断断题题。可可运运用用扫扫读读法法、关关键键词词法法、关关键键信信息息定定位位法法等等解解答答该该题题。根根据据文文章章最最后后一一段段的的句句子子“But in this house，the Reed family will be watching with a calm insight：its just a game.”可可知知，Reed一一家家用冷静的视角看待比赛，说明他们对人生有了新的理解。故选用冷静的视角看待比赛，说明他们对人生有了新的理解。故选C。3.By saying that its just a game，we can infer that the Reed f
36、amily .A.has lost interest in the match between Ohio State and MichiganB.believes Michigan will surely beat Ohio State this weekendC.has a better understanding of lifeD.views the match as a matter of life and death答案解析231B(2017湖北武汉调研湖北武汉调研)In Switzerland， the land of watches， trains really do run li
37、ke clockwork.“If Im 30 seconds late，the train is gone，” said Michelle Kranz，who commutes(通通勤勤) daily into Lucerne，where she works for the tourist board.Step across the border，and youre in a different universe.Italy has two rail schedules：the one printed in the brochure and the other，flashing updates
38、，on a board in the station.The first may be a fantasy；the second，reality.Next to posted departures，“Invariably you see the word ritardato(delayed)， ” said Rick Steves， who writes guidebooks and runs a tour company called Europe Through the Back Door in Edmonds，Wash.Your time or my time？When travelin
39、g，youre in their time.And that can affect almost everything：catching trains and buses，shopping，getting a meal and making appointments.Knowing a little about the culture can prevent much of the frustration.“Its important to go with the flow，”Steves said.“If you go to a restaurant in Spain at 7 pm，tha
40、ts bad news.The staff is eating then.Try going after 9 pm，as the Spaniards do.For the Swiss，the earlier the better，say 6 pm；after 10，a tourist hoping for a hot meal in Switzerland just might go hungry.” However，in some Latin American nations，hours and minutes seem hardly to matter.“In Mexico，guests
41、invited to a 6 pm social dinner think nothing of showing up two or three hours later，”said Terri Morrison，who is updating a 1995 guide she co-wrote called Kiss，Bow or Shake Hands：How to Do Business in More than Sixty Countries for release next year.In fact，its wise to arrive at least an hour later f
42、or dinner in Mexico City，Morrison said，to avoid embarrassing an unprepared host.There are many theories as to why time doesnt fly at the same speed around the globe.Climate，economics and culture may play a role.语语篇篇解解读读本本文文描描述述了了瑞瑞士士、意意大大利利、西西班班牙牙、墨墨西西哥哥等等几几个个国国家家对对于于时时间间的的理理解解，有有些些国国家家非非常常守守时时，而而有有
43、些些国国家家却却经经常常推推迟迟时时间间，不不同同的的国家有不同的文化习俗，到一个不同的国家记得要国家有不同的文化习俗，到一个不同的国家记得要“入乡随俗入乡随俗”。 语篇解读4.Which country does best in punctuality?A.Switzerland. B.Italy.C.Spain. D.Mexico.解解析析细细节节理理解解题题。可可运运用用扫扫读读法法、关关键键词词法法、关关键键信信息息定定位位法法等等解解答答该该题题。根根据据第第一一段段第第一一句句可可知知，在在手手表表之之都都瑞瑞士士，火火车车运运行行就就像像钟钟表表一一样准时。所以在准时方面，瑞士做
44、得最好。故选样准时。所以在准时方面，瑞士做得最好。故选A项。项。答案解析56475.What can be learned about Italian train services?A.They change schedules twice a day.B.They have no fixed schedules.C.They usually arrive on time.D.They often delay.解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。可可运运用用扫扫读读法法、关关键键词词法法、关关键键信信息息定定位位法法等等解解答答该该题题。根根据据第第二二段段最最后后一一句句“Next to post
45、ed departures，Invariably you see the wordritardato(delayed)，.”可可知知，在在发发布布的的火火车车离离站站时时间间旁旁边边，你你通通常常会会看看到到ritardato(延延误误)这这个个词词，由由此此可可以以推推断断出出意意大大利的火车经常晚点。故选利的火车经常晚点。故选D项。项。答案解析56476.What do the Mexican think of time?A.It means money.B.It is not important at all.C.It is embarrassing to be late.D.It is
46、 not enough for writers.解解析析推推理理判判断断题题。可可运运用用扫扫读读法法、关关键键词词法法、关关键键信信息息定定位位法法等等解解答答该该题题。根根据据倒倒数数第第二二段段中中的的“.think nothing of showing up two or three hours later.”和和“.its wise to arrive at least an hour later for dinner.”可可知知，在在墨墨西西哥哥这这样样的的拉拉丁丁美美洲洲国国家家，时时间间并并不不是是那那么么重重要要，由此可以推断出，在墨西哥人们对时间并不看重。故选由此可以推断出
47、，在墨西哥人们对时间并不看重。故选B项。项。答案解析56477.What does the text mainly talk about?A.Punctuality is a special virtue.B.The Swiss appreciate tight schedule.C.Some countries are more punctual than others.D.A small amount of lateness is acceptable.解解析析主主旨旨大大意意题题。可可运运用用扫扫读读法法、关关键键词词法法、关关键键信信息息定定位位法法等等解解答答该该题题。本本文文描描述述了了不不同同的的国国家家在在守守时时方方面面有有各各自自不不同同的的习习惯惯，C项项意意为为“有些国家比其他国家更守时有些国家比其他国家更守时”符合文章大意。故选符合文章大意。故选C项。项。答案解析5647
