《高中英语语法专题复习课件名词性从句共88张PPT》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高中英语语法专题复习课件名词性从句共88张PPT(88页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、(一)(一)名名词性从句的性从句的结构和功能构和功能名名词性从句包括性从句包括主主语从句、从句、宾语从句、从句、表表语从句、同位从句、同位语从句从句。名。名词性从句主要有性从句主要有四种从句四种从句结构:以构:以that引引导的从句;以的从句;以whether/if引引导的从句,以特殊疑的从句,以特殊疑问词引引导的从句;以的从句;以what或或whever等等连接代接代词引引导的名的名词性关系从句。此外,性关系从句。此外,asif/asthough也可引也可引导表表语从句。具体用法从句。具体用法见下表:下表:(二)名(二)名词性从句的性从句的连接接词引引导名名词性从句的性从句的连接接词有:有:
2、从属从属连词、连接代接代词和和连接副接副词。1.从属从属连词:that(本身无意本身无意义),whether(是是否否),if(是否是否)。只起。只起连接作用,在从句中不接作用,在从句中不作任何成分。作任何成分。2.连接代接代词:who,whom,whose,which,what,whatever,whoever等。它等。它们除起除起连接接作用外,作用外,还可在从句中充当主可在从句中充当主语、宾语、定定语、表、表语等成分。等成分。3.连接副词:连接副词:when(thetimewhen什么时候,什么时候,何时何时),where(theplacewhere什么地方,什么地方,何地何地),how(
3、thewaythat/inwhich怎样,怎样,以以方式,如何方式,如何),whythereasonwhy为什么为什么)。它们除起连接作用,还在从句中。它们除起连接作用,还在从句中作状语。作状语。【温馨提示温馨提示】what与与that引引导名名词性从句的区性从句的区别:1)what引引导名名词性从句性从句时不不仅起起连接作用接作用,2)而且在从句中充当主而且在从句中充当主语、宾语、表表语、定定3)语等。如等。如:Hewasnotcertainwhatshouldbedonefirst.Whattheyneedisagoodtextbook.Yourmothershealthisnotwhat
4、itoughttobe.ShesawwhatfoodIbought.2)that引引导名名词性从句不充当任何句子成分,性从句不充当任何句子成分,只起只起连接作用,无任何意接作用,无任何意义。引。引导主主语从从句句时,常用,常用it作形式主作形式主语,谓语动词用用单数,引数,引导宾语从句从句时,常被省略。,常被省略。e.g.Thatshewillrefusetheofferseemsunlikely.Ihavefound(that)alltheticketshavebeensoldout.Itisapitythatyoumissedsuchafinetalk.(三)主(三)主语从句从句1.主主语
5、从句的基本用法从句的基本用法1)that引引导的主的主语从句从句既可放在句首,也可放既可放在句首,也可放在句尾,在句尾,that起起连接作用,无接作用,无词义,在从句,在从句中不作成分,一般不能省略中不作成分,一般不能省略。e.g.Thatweareinvitedtoaconcertthiseveningisgoodnewstous.Itisgoodnewstousthatweareinvitedtoaconcertthisevening.2)whether引引导的主的主语从句从句可放在句首,也可放在句首,也可放在句尾可放在句尾;if引引导的主的主语从句只能放从句只能放在句尾,前面需要在句尾,
6、前面需要it作形式主作形式主语。whether/if起起连接作用,接作用,“是否是否”,在从,在从句中不作成分。句中不作成分。e.g.Whetherhewillgothereornotisnotclear.Itisdoubtfulwhether/iftheworkcanbecompleted.3)wh类连接接词引引导的主的主语从句:从句:wh类连接接词包括包括wh类的的连接代接代词(who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever等等)和和连接副接副词(when,where,how,why,whenever,wherev
7、er,however等等)。what,when和和whever类的的词有有时可不表疑可不表疑问。wh类连接代接代词在句中既起在句中既起连接作用,又可充当主接作用,又可充当主语、宾语、表、表语、定、定语等等成分。成分。wh类连接副接副词在句中起在句中起连接作用,在接作用,在从句中可充当从句中可充当时间、地点、原因、方式状、地点、原因、方式状语。2.主主语从句的从句的单复数复数问题1)从句作主从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用一般用单数数。e.g.Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain.Whowillgototheenergyconferenceisnotimportant.2
8、)what引引导的从句作主的从句作主语,表示,表示单数概念,数概念,谓语动词一般用一般用单数形式;表示复数概念,数形式;表示复数概念,则谓语动词常用复数。常用复数。e.g.Whathesaidistrue.Whatheneedsarebooks.(四)(四)宾语从句从句1.宾语从句的基本用法:从句的基本用法:1)动词后接后接宾语从句的用法:从句的用法:e.g.Iknowthatheisfriendlyandhospitable.Gotostampsalesandbuywhateveryoucanafford.【温馨提示温馨提示】doubt,doubtful与与sure后名后名词性从句性从句连接
9、接词that,whether,if的的选择。当当doubt,doubtful用于用于肯定句肯定句时,后面的名,后面的名词性从句的性从句的连接接词常用常用whether或或if;当;当doubt,doubtful用于用于否定句或疑否定句或疑问句句时,后,后面名面名词性从句的性从句的连接接词用用that。e.g.Idoubtwhether/ifheisathome.Wedontdoubtthattheycancompletethetaskaheadoftime.Itisdoubtfulwhetheritistrueornot.当当besure用于用于肯定句肯定句时,后面的,后面的宾语从句从句的的连
10、接接词常用常用that;当;当besure用于用于否定句否定句时,后面的,后面的宾语从句的从句的连接接词常用常用whether或或if。e.g.Wearesurethatheisinnocent.Theoldmandidntseemtobesurewhether/ifhehadmetme.2)介介词及形容及形容词后接后接宾语从句的用法:从句的用法:e.g.Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.Hewasinterestedinwhateverhesawthere.Heispleasedthathehaspassedatoughte
11、st.【温馨提示温馨提示】一般情况下介一般情况下介词后只能用后只能用wh类连接接词引引导的的宾语从句。从句。e.g.Iamsurprisedatwhathesaid.介介词后如果接后如果接that从句,要先加上从句,要先加上it,再加,再加that从句,即从句,即“介介词itthat.”结构。构。e.g.Youmaydependonitthattheywillsupportyou.介介词except,but,besides及及in后可接后可接that从句从句。e.g.Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheliveshere.常接常接宾语从句的形容从句的形容词有有sur
12、e,certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied,sorry等。等。e.g.Imafraidhewontattendourwedding.3)that引引导的的宾语从句:从句:e.g.Wearegladthatsomanyoldfriendswillattendourteaparty.Theheadmastersaidthattheschoolreportshadbeensentoff.【温馨提示温馨提示】在在suggest,demand,order,insist等动词之等动词之后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气,“(
13、should)动词原形动词原形”。e.g.Hesuggestedthatwe(should)setaboutdoingtheworkatonce.4)whether/if引引导的的宾语从句:从句:e.g.Illtrytofindoutwhether/ifthemachineisingoodcondition.【温馨提示温馨提示】whether/if引引导宾语从句表示从句表示“是否是否”的的意思意思时,一般情况下,一般情况下可互可互换。if引引导宾语从句从句时可以有否定式,而可以有否定式,而whether从句从句则没有没有。e.g.Idontcareifhedoesntcome.5)特殊疑特殊疑
14、问词引引导的的宾语从句:从句:由由who,what,how,which,whose,where,why等等词引引导的的宾语从句,可作从句,可作动词、介介词及形容及形容词的的宾语。e.g.Icantimaginehowhedidit.Weareworryingaboutwhatweshoulddonext.IwasntcertainwhosehouseIwasin.【温馨提示温馨提示】如果疑如果疑问词是介是介词的的宾语,介介词可位于可位于从句句首或句末从句句首或句末。e.g.Ididntknowinwhichbuildingtheylived.Ididntknowwhichbuildingthe
15、ylivedin.2.宾语从句的从句的时态1)主句主句为现在或将来在或将来时态主句主句谓语动词如果是如果是现在在时或将来或将来时,从,从句句谓语动词可用任何所需要的可用任何所需要的时态。e.g.ShesaysthatsheworksfromMondaytoFriday.Iknowhedidnttellyouthathewouldcomethen.Hewilltellmewhathappenedtohimduringmyabsence.2)主句主句为过去去时态主句的主句的谓语动词是一般是一般过去去时,从句的,从句的谓语动词要用相要用相应的的过去去时态。e.g.Hesaidtherewerenoc
16、lassesyesterdayafternoon.HeaskedmeifIwasreadingthebookRedandBlackwhenhecamein.3)表示客表示客观事事实或真理或真理如果从句表示客如果从句表示客观事事实或真理,不管主或真理,不管主句的句的谓语动词是何是何时态,从句都要用,从句都要用现在在时态。e.g.Theteachersaidthattheworldismadeupofmatter.(五)(五)表表语从句从句1.表表语从句的基本用法从句的基本用法1)基本基本结构:主构:主语系系动词表表语从句从句,常,常用的系用的系动词有有be,seem,remain,look等。等
17、。e.g.Myideaisthatyoushouldmakegooduseofyourtime.ItseemsthathehasbeentoAmerica.2)asif/asthough引引导的表的表语从句,系从句,系动词通通常常为look,seem,sound等,等,从句可以用从句可以用陈述述语气,也可以用虚气,也可以用虚拟语气气。e.g.Itlooksasifitis/weregoingtosnow.3)that和和what引引导的表的表语从句的区从句的区别:that引引导表表语从句从句时,起,起连接作用,没有接作用,没有实际意意义,不作句子成分;,不作句子成分;what引引导表表语从从句
18、句时,既充当,既充当连接代接代词,又作句子成分。,又作句子成分。e.g.Ourplanisthatwellgothereonceaweek.Thatswhathesaid.4)由由连接副接副词引引导的表的表语从句从句:连接副接副词where,why,when等引等引导表表语从句,分从句,分别在从句中作地点、原因、在从句中作地点、原因、时间状状语。e.g.Thatiswherethegreatwriterusedtolive.Thatiswhyhedidntpasstheexam.ThatwaswhenIwasthirty.2.表表语从句需要注意的从句需要注意的问题1)主主语为名名词reason
19、,表,表语从句用从句用that而不而不用用why引引导。e.g.Thereasonwhyhewasabsentfromthemeetingwasthathefellillsuddenly.Thereasonforsuchaseriousaccidentisthatthedriverwastoocarelessanddrunk.2)引引导表表语从句从句时,用,用whether,不能用,不能用if。e.g.Thequestioniswhetherhehassignedthecontract.(不能用不能用if)3)表表语从句中的虚从句中的虚拟语气:气:如果主句的主如果主句的主语是名是名词idea,
20、advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement等等时,则表表语从句从句的的谓语应用虚用虚拟语气气,“(should)动词原形原形”。e.g.Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)setoutatonce.Thedoctorsadviceisthatyou(should)restmoreanddrinkmore.4)使用使用连接接词时的注意事的注意事项:连接代接代词和和连接副接副词一般都表疑一般都表疑问,但,但what,when和和where等等连接接词有两种含有两种含义,一种表示疑一种表示疑问,一种表示,一种表示陈述述。表。表陈述述时,
21、相当于相当于thethingthat,thetimewhen,theplacewhere,常意常意为“的人的人/事事”、“的的时间”、“的地点的地点”等。等。e.g.Thisiswhereheoncelived.ThisiswhatIwanttoknow.Thatwaswhenhedidtheexperiment.句式句式意意义例句例句Thatiswhy结果果“那就是那就是的原因的原因”Thatiswhywedonttrusthim.Thatisbecause原因原因“那是因那是因为”Thatisbecauseheoftenlies.Thereasonwhy.isthat.“的原的原因是因是”
22、Thereasonwhywedonttrusthimisthatheoftenlies.3.比比较三个句式三个句式(六)(六)同位同位语从句从句在主从复合句中作同位在主从复合句中作同位语的从句,叫同的从句,叫同位位语从句。从句。表示名表示名词的内容,加以解的内容,加以解释。同位同位语从句的基本用法:从句的基本用法:1.能接同位能接同位语从句的名从句的名词:fact,idea,news,promise,information,message,belief,doubt,hope,opinion,possibility,thought,wish,truth,question,problem,repl
23、y,answer,report,suggestion,advice,order,warning等等。等等。2.that引引导的同位的同位语从句从句e.g.WewereveryexcitedatthenewsthatourChineseathleteswonmanygoldmedals.Theproblemthattheycantgethereearlyishardtosolve.【温馨提示温馨提示】同位同位语从句通常由从句通常由that引引导,但根据,但根据接同位接同位语的名的名词不同,也可由不同,也可由whether,when,who,how,what,why等引等引导。e.g.Ihaven
24、oideawhenhewillbeback.Thequestionwhowastoblamehasneverbeensettled.(七)引(七)引导名名词性从句只用性从句只用whether不用不用if的情况的情况1.引引导主主语从句置于从句置于句首句首时:e.g.Whetherhecanfinishtheworkontimeisnotclear.2.引引导表表语从句从句时:e.g.Theproblemiswhetherthemeetingwillbeheld.3.引引导同位同位语从句从句时:e.g.Ihavenoideawhetherheiswillingtohelpus.4.引引导宾语从句
25、前置从句前置时:e.g.WhethertheywilljoinintheWinterCampIdontcare.5.作介作介词宾语时:e.g.Wearentinterestedinwhetherhewillagreewithusornot.6.作作动词discuss的的宾语时:e.g.Wearenowdiscussingwhetherweshouldgroupthesethreecompanies.7.其后其后接接动词不定式不定式时:e.g.Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?8.与与ornot直接直接连用用时,用,用whether,即,即whetherornot,
26、如果,如果分开分开时,两者都可,两者都可以以,即,即whether/if.ornot。e.g.Idontcarewhetherornothehasaholiday.Idontcarewhether/ifhehasaholidayornot.(八)同位(八)同位语从句与定从句与定语从句的区从句的区别1.同位同位语从句既从句既“说明、修明、修饰”先行先行词,又,又“等等同同”于先行于先行词。定。定语从句从句“修修饰、限制、限制”先行先行词,由,由“关系关系词”替代先行替代先行词,在,在从句中充从句中充当成分当成分。e.g.Wearedelightedatthenewsthatwearegoingt
27、ospendoursummervacationinDalian.(同位同位语从句从句)NeitherofusshowedanyinterestinthenewsthatJohntoldusyesterday.(定定语从句从句)2.that在从句中的作用在从句中的作用同位同位语从句中从句中that为连接接词,只起,只起连接作接作用,在从句中不作成分,一般也不能省用,在从句中不作成分,一般也不能省略;定略;定语从句中的从句中的that为关系代关系代词,在从,在从句中充当句子成分,可作主句中充当句子成分,可作主语、宾语和和表表语,作,作宾语时常可省略。常可省略。e.g.Thenews(that)he
28、toldmesurprisedme.(定定语从句从句)Thenewsthathegaveinsurprisedme.(同位同位语从句从句)3.其他引其他引导词的使用的使用引引导同位同位语从句的从句的词除除连接接词that外,外,还可用可用whether,连接代接代词who,what及及连接副接副词when,where,how,why等;引等;引导定定语从句的从句的词除除that外,外,还有关系代有关系代词who,whom,whose,which,as以及关系以及关系副副词when,where,why。(九)(九)whever和和“nomatterwh”whever既可引既可引导名名词性从句,又
29、可引性从句,又可引导让步状步状语从句,而从句,而nomatterwh只能引只能引导让步状步状语从句从句。e.g.Whatever/NomatterwhatIsaid,hewouldntlistentome.(让步状步状语从句从句)Hewouldbelievewhatever/anythingthatIsaid.(宾语从句从句)名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。考查要点句、同位语从句和表语从句。考查要点主要是连接代词和副词的正确使用,主主要是连接代词和副词的正确使用,主语、谓语的语序,双重连接词以及特殊语、谓语的语序,双重连接词以及特殊句型的使
30、用等。其考点主要包括:句型的使用等。其考点主要包括:1.名词性从句的连接词。名词性从句的连接词。如:有词义的连如:有词义的连接代词接代词who,whose,whom,what,which;连接副词连接副词when,where,why,how;从属从属连词连词that,whether,if,asif;无词义的无词义的that在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略。在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略。2.名词性从句的语序和时态。名词性从句的语序和时态。3.it作形式主语、形式宾语的情况。作形式主语、形式宾语的情况。如:如:1)Itbe形容词形容词that从句从句2)Itbe过去分词过去分词that从句从句3)
31、Itbe名词名词that从句从句4)It不及物动词不及物动词(appear,happen等等)that从句从句4.名词性从句中的虚拟语气。名词性从句中的虚拟语气。如:如:1)Itis(was)essential(important,natural)that;2)Itis(was)suggested(demanded,wished,desired)that等。等。5.what引导名词性从句时的语义功能和语法引导名词性从句时的语义功能和语法功能。功能。如:如:whatthethingthat/anythingthat;whattheplacethat;whatthetimethat;whatthe
32、personthat等。等。6.whoever,whatever,whichever引导名词性引导名词性从句时的语义功能和语法功能。从句时的语义功能和语法功能。重点考查连接词重点考查连接词that,what的用法;的用法;特殊特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句;疑问词引导的名词性从句;whever引导引导的名词性从句。的名词性从句。 .单项选择。单项选择。1.Itrulybelieve_beautycomesfromwithin.【2015北京北京】A.thatB.whereC.whatD.why【解析解析】我很相信美丽源自于内心我很相信美丽源自于内心!本题考查本题考查宾语从句。从句部分不缺少成分,用
33、宾语从句。从句部分不缺少成分,用that起到起到连接作用,也可省。从句部分不缺少任何成连接作用,也可省。从句部分不缺少任何成分,因此用分,因此用that起到连接作用,也可以省略。起到连接作用,也可以省略。2.Youhavetoknow_youregoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere.【2015湖南湖南】A.what B.thatC.whereD.who3.Ashipinharborissafe,butthatsnot_shipsarebuiltfor.【2015安徽安徽】A.whatB.whomC.whyD.when【解析解析】船停放在海港里是
34、很安全的,但这船停放在海港里是很安全的,但这并非建造船的目的。并非建造船的目的。isnt后跟从句作表语,后跟从句作表语,表语从句中的表语从句中的for后缺少宾语,用后缺少宾语,用what引导,引导,what与与for连用,表示目的。连用,表示目的。4._LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewontacceptit.【2015江苏江苏】A.ThatB.WhyC.WhereD.How【解析解析】李白是中国一位伟大的诗人,他的李白是中国一位伟大的诗人,他的出生地是众所周知的,但有些人不愿接受这出生地是众所周知的,但有些人不
35、愿接受这一事实。一事实。agreatChinesepoet做做LiBai的同位的同位语,语,is前面是主语从句。前面是主语从句。where在从句中做地在从句中做地点状语。点状语。5._weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.【2015北京北京】A.WhereB.HowC.WhyD.When【解析解析】我们如何理解事情与我们所感受的我们如何理解事情与我们所感受的有很大关系。主语从句缺少方式状语,因此有很大关系。主语从句缺少方式状语,因此选择选择how。. 用适当的连接词填空。用适当的连接词填空。1.Themostpleasantthingofthe
36、rainyseasonis_onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.【北京北京2016】2.Themanagerputforwardasuggestion_weshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.【天津天津2016】3.thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly_thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.【2015新课标全国卷新课标全国卷II】thatthathow4._thedelayedflightwilltakeoffde
37、pendsmuchontheweather.【陕西陕西2014】5.Somepeoplebelieve_hashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.【北京北京2014】6.Itisdifficultforustoimagine_lifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.【山东山东2014】Whenwhatever/whatwhat热点考向热点考向1主语从句主语从句1.主要考点主要考点:1)that引导主语从句时引导主语从句时,常用常用it作形式主语作形式主语,常常见的句型见的句型:I
38、t+be+形容词形容词+that从句从句It+be+名词名词(短语短语)+that从句从句It+be+过去分词过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等等)+that从句从句It+特殊动词特殊动词(seems/appears/happens/matters)+that从句从句2)what与与that在引导主语从句时的区别在引导主语从句时的区别:what引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分分,如主语、宾语、表语如主语、宾语、表语,而而that引导从句引导从句,不充当成分。不充当成分。e.g.Whatyousaidyesterdayisright
39、.(what引导主语从句引导主语从句,作作said的宾语的宾语)ThatEnglishisimportantisanundoubtedfact.(that引导主语从句引导主语从句,不作任何成分不作任何成分,但不可省略但不可省略)3)主语从句若含有主语从句若含有“是否是否”意义意义,其引导词只其引导词只能用能用whether,不能用不能用if。e.g.Whetherhewillbeabletocometomorrowremainsaquestion.2.突破技巧突破技巧:1)掌握形式主语的句式及变化,根据句意选掌握形式主语的句式及变化,根据句意选取合适连接词取合适连接词,除除that在句子中没有
40、意义在句子中没有意义,但但不能省略外不能省略外,其他连接词均在句中有意义。其他连接词均在句中有意义。2)what,that,which,whether连接主语从句的连接主语从句的区别。区别。热点考向热点考向2宾语从句宾语从句1.主要考点主要考点:1)动词动词find,feel,think,consider,take(认认为为),make,believe,guess,suppose,assume等后面有宾语补足语时等后面有宾语补足语时,且宾语且宾语是从句时是从句时,需用需用it作形式宾语而将作形式宾语而将that引引导的宾语从句后置。导的宾语从句后置。2)宾语从句的语序为陈述语序宾语从句的语序为
41、陈述语序;主句谓语主句谓语动词用一般现在时动词用一般现在时,从句谓语动词可以从句谓语动词可以用各种时态用各种时态;主句谓语动词用一般过去主句谓语动词用一般过去时时,从句需用过去的相应时态从句需用过去的相应时态,但从句若但从句若表示客观真理、规律表示客观真理、规律,用一般现在时。用一般现在时。e.g.Hesaidthathehadbeentothespacestation.3)由由whether或或if引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句,要保持要保持陈述句语序。此外陈述句语序。此外,whether与与if在作在作“是否是否”讲时讲时,一般可以换用一般可以换用,但在但在下列情下列情况下一般只能用况下一般
42、只能用whether,不用不用if。引导的引导的从句作介词宾语从句作介词宾语时。时。e.g.Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.从句中有从句中有or或或whetherornot连用连用时。时。e.g.Iwonderwhetherornothewillcome.TellmewhetherornotIshouldinviteNick.后接动词不定式时。后接动词不定式时。e.g.Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?2.突破技巧突破技巧:1)把握句意把握句意,选取合适的连接词、时选取合适的连接词、时态、语序态、语序;2)注
43、意注意whether与与if的互换和区别。的互换和区别。热点考向热点考向3表语从句表语从句1.考查内容考查内容:1)表语从句常跟在这些系动词后表语从句常跟在这些系动词后,如如be,look,remain,seem等。等。e.g.ThatisjustwhatIwant.2)除常用的除常用的连接代接代词、副、副词外外,asif/though,because,why等也可以引等也可以引导宾语从句。从句。e.g.Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain.3)引引导表表语从句的从句的that不能省略不能省略;if不能用于不能用于引引导表表语从句从句。e.g.Thereasonisthatheg
44、otuplate.2.突破技巧突破技巧:1)理解句意理解句意,把握语境把握语境,扣准连接词在扣准连接词在句中的含义句中的含义;2)掌握系动词后的表语从句辨析掌握系动词后的表语从句辨析that,because,if,whether。热点考向热点考向4同位语从句同位语从句1.考查内容考查内容:1)同位语从句中的名词:同位语从句中的名词:在复合句中在复合句中,同位语从句说明其前面名词的同位语从句说明其前面名词的具体内容具体内容,同位语从句通常由同位语从句通常由that引导引导(that不能省略不能省略)。可用于同位语从句的名词有。可用于同位语从句的名词有advice,demand,doubt,fac
45、t,hope,idea,information,message,news,order,problem,promise,question,request,suggestion,truth,wish,word等。等。e.g.ThenewsthattheShenzhouspaceshipsetoffsuccessfullyisexciting.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.2)同位语从句与定语从句的区别:同位语从句与定语从句的区别:在限制性定语从句中在限制性定语从句中
46、,关系代词关系代词that充当充当主语或宾语主语或宾语,有实际意义有实际意义,作宾语时作宾语时,可省可省略。略。同位语从句中的同位语从句中的that是连词是连词,不充当不充当句子成分句子成分,没有任何意义没有任何意义,但不可省略但不可省略。e.g.Thenews(that)weheardontheradiowasnottrue.(定语从句定语从句)Thenewsthatourfootballteamwonthematchwasencouraging.(同位语从句同位语从句)2.突破技巧突破技巧:1)熟记同位语从句的常用名词熟记同位语从句的常用名词;2)分析句子成分分析句子成分,防止句式变化防止
47、句式变化;3)采取采取“意义法意义法”区别同位语从句与区别同位语从句与定语从句。定语从句。I.用适当的用适当的连接接词填空。填空。1.Itisimportant_weworkoutaplantoraiseenoughfundsfortheproject.2.Dennyhasntrealized_helpthereferencebookIgavehimcanbeoftohisstudies.3.Mysisterhas_ittakestobeadoctor.thatwhatwhat4.Mr.Curryrefusedtosay_hadorganizedthemeeting.However,every
48、oneknewitwasJim.5.Idontknow_Freddidntlockthedoor.Maybehejustforgot.6.Itisunfair_somewomendonotearnequalpayforequalwork.7.Ithasnotbeenannounced_theplaneistotakeoff.whowhythatwhen8.Myfriendpredicted_Iwouldreceivealotofpraiseformywork.9.Ihavenoidea_Bobgotsuchalargesumofmoneyfrom.10.Itneveroccurredtome_
49、Icouldhavethebooksenttome.thatwherethatII.选用括号内合适的内容填空。用括号内合适的内容填空。1._(How,That)hemanagedtofinishthejobisofnointeresttousall.Onthecontrary,inmyopinion,weshouldlearnfromthewaysherespondedtothechallenge.2.Haveyoufinishedthebook?No,Ivereadupto_(where,that)thewomancomeshome.Howwhere3.Idontexactlyknow_(h
50、ow,whether)heiscomingthistime.Byair,ofcourse.4.Whathasmadeyousoupset?_(That,Because)Ihavelostmycellphone.5.Wehaventdiscussedyet_(what,where)wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.Youcanputitinthesittingroom.howThatwhere6.Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterdaysgame?Yes.Its_(what,whatever)makesmefeelexcited.7.He
51、lp!Quick!Lookatthatroadsign!Whichroadarewesupposedtotake?Youarethedriver!Dontlookatme!Idontknowwhichroad_(arewesupposed,wearesupposed)totake.whatwearesupposed8.Areyouastudenthere?Imastudenthere,too.Tellmewhatclasses_(youaretaking,areyoutaking)thisterm.Maybewereinsomeofthesameclasses.Math4,English2,H
52、istory6,andChemistry101.9.HowdoyouthinkKatecanmakeitupwithLaura?Setaside_(which,where)theydisagreeandtrytofind_(how,what)theyhaveincommon.youaretakingwherewhatIII.下面各句中均有一下面各句中均有一处错误,找出并改正。,找出并改正。1.Manyexpertsholdtheviewwhethertheworkersdevelopmentiswherethekeytobetterproductionlies.2.2.Mackiestarts
53、aconversationwithwhositsnexttoher.3.3.Beforegoingtothesupermarket,Imakealistofwherewewillneedforthecomingweek.whetherthatwhowhoeverwherewhat4.Thestudentsdontknowifornottheycanstayawakeduringthelecture.5.Whatsomepeopleregarditasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.6.Inherletterwasherpromisewhatshewould
54、bringmesomeforeignstampswhenshereturnedfromAmerica.ifwhether去掉去掉itwhatthat7.Jeremyshutthedoorheavilybehindhim.Nooneknewbecausehewassoangry.8.Thisisawellknownfactthatdrugabusecanruinoneshealth.becausewhyThisItIV.根据汉语提示补全下面句子根据汉语提示补全下面句子。1._(你的祖你的祖先们是谁先们是谁)makesnodifferencetome.2._(他何他何时会回来时会回来)depend
55、smuchontheweather.3.Beinghonestisalwaysappreciated,butyouhavetobecareful_(你如何说事情你如何说事情).4.Imsomewhattiredofworkinghere.Ivebeenwondering_(是否我应该辞职是否我应该辞职).WhoyourancestorswereWhenhewillbebackhowyousaythingsif/whetherIshouldresign5.Manyyearslater,theymetagainandfoundbothofthemwerenolonger_(他们过他们过去的样子去的
56、样子).6.ThelittleboyaskedMrs.Robinson_(她多大年纪她多大年纪).Shetoldhimthatitwasnotpolitetoaskpeopletheirage.whattheyusedtobehowoldshewas7.Theteachershavebeentryingtodo_(一切可能的事一切可能的事)tohelpthestudentswiththeirstudies.8.Whenyoureolderyourebetterequippedmentallytodealwith_(所发生的事所发生的事).whateverispossiblewhathappen
57、sV.用适当的连接词完成下面短文。用适当的连接词完成下面短文。AWehadtosay1._Bobsluckwasincrediblybad.Nomatterwherehewent,2._hemetignoredhim.Theythoughthedidntcare,butBobwasthekindofpersonwhotookthingsveryhard.Thenhisluckchanged.Asspringbegan,Bobbegantoseeachangeallaroundhim.Bobdidntknow3._hadcausedit,butsuddenlypeoplewereinviting
58、himtoparties.thatwhoeverwhatBItwasclear1._theboywasintrouble.2._histeacherknewworriedhim,buthisgreatestworrywas3._hisclassmatesmightfindouttoo.Thatwouldbeadisaster!Hewouldthenhaveahardtimewith4._learnedhissecret,andthewordwouldspreadlikewildfire.Hoping5._noonewouldspillthebeans,hearrivedatschoolearl
59、y.thatWhatthatwhoeverthatHehoped6._hewouldfindtheroomdesertedwhenhearrived.Helookedaroundhimtosee7._therewassomethingdifferentandwentinside.Ashisclassmatesentered,hecarefullyeyed8._camethroughthedoor,andhegrewmoreandmoreworried.Finallyherealized9._theyallknew:“Haveahappybirthday,”theyallshoutedtoget
60、her.thatwhether/ifwhoeverthatCOneafternoonIwassittingatmyfavoritetableinarestaurant,waitingforthefoodIhadorderedtoarrive.SuddenlyInoticed1._amansittingatatablenearthewindowkeptglancinginmydirection.Itlooked2._heknewme.Themanhadanewspaperopeninfrontofhim,whichhewaspretendingtoread,butIcouldsee3._hewa
61、skeepinganeyeonme.thatasif/thoughthatWhenthewaiterbroughtmyfood,themanwasclearlypuzzledby4._familiarwewerewitheachother.Heseemedevenmorepuzzledastimewentonanditbecameclear5._allthewaitersintherestaurantknewme.Finallyhegotupandwentintothekitchen.Whenhecameout,hepaidhisbillandleftwithoutanotherglanceinmydirection.howthatIcalledtheowneroftherestaurantandasked6._themanhadwanted.Hesaidthemanwasadetectiveand7._hehadfollowedmehere.Itwas8._hethoughtIwasthemanhewaslookingfor.whatthatbecause