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1、I like the pen.Which pen?redI like the pen. ( which one ?)The pen cost me 10 yuan.I like cost me 10 yuan.which先行词先行词关系代词关系代词关系代词就是用来代替先行词的关系代词就是用来代替先行词的 the pen = whichThepenthepen.概念：概念：在复合句中，在复合句中，充当定语的句子充当定语的句子叫定叫定语从句。语从句。什么是定语从句呢？什么是定语从句呢？Iook at I took on my trip.thephotosthephotos.whichLook at
2、 the photos which I took on my trip.Attributive clause关系代词关系代词which为引导词，在从句中代替为引导词，在从句中代替photos先行词先行词thatthat先行词先行词：是：是被定语从句所修饰的词被定语从句所修饰的词,通通常是名词或代词常是名词或代词。关系词关系词：是是引导引导定语从句的词定语从句的词，在从，在从句中替代先行词。句中替代先行词。注意注意:从句必须从句必须紧跟紧跟在先行词后。在先行词后。My dad has a friend who is good at English.Attributive clause关系代词关系
3、代词who为引导词，在从句中代替为引导词，在从句中代替friend.先行词先行词 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法: :当先行词是物时当先行词是物时, , 用用which 或或that引导引导. .These are the trees which were planted last year.当先行词是人时当先行词是人时, , 用用who, whom, whose, that引导引导.1. The man _ is talking with my mother is my father.2. That book is the one _ I bought yesterday.3. I know
4、the man _ is a model worker.4. I cant find a house _ is suitable for us to live.5. Is there a zoo _ we can see tigers around here?用用“who”或或“that”填空。填空。who/that that who/that that that which可代替可代替物物that可代替可代替人人（有生命的事物）（有生命的事物）或或物物that和和which用法小结用法小结1.I cant find the letter. The letter came this morni
5、ng. 2.Please give me the book. The book is about travel.3.This is the bag. My mother bought it last week.4. The house is made of wood. Jack built the house. Thisisthebagwhichmymotherboughtlastweek.Icantfindtheletterwhichcamethismorning.Pleasegivemethebookwhichisabouttravel.ThehousewhichJackbuiltisma
6、deofwood.关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略/thatthatthatthat1.The boy is called Tom. The boy broke the window. The boy that broke the window is called Tom.2.Mr. Li is the person. You talked with the person on the bus. Mr. Liu is the person that you talked with on the bus. 关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略关系代词在从句中作宾
7、语时，可以省略/Do you know the girl?(which girl?)1.The girl is running on the grass.2. The girl likes singing very much.1.Do you know is running on the grass. 2.Do you know likes singing very much.whowhothegirlThegirlthegirlThegirl? He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man I told you about . The
8、woman is a teacher. We saw the woman in the park just now.The woman is a teacher. whoWesawintheparkjustnowwhomthewomanwhowhomhim.I want s window faces the sea.Eg:我看见一些叶子是黄色的树。I saw some trees _leaves were yellow.aroomTheroom.whosewhosewho, whom, whose, that用法区别用法区别.who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语或宾语主语或宾语. The ma
9、n who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语Whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作宾语作宾语whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语. I know the girl whose mother is
10、 a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语和宾语主语和宾语.注意注意: : 关系代词作动词宾语时可关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略省略. . The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.难点难点(1)：区分：区分who,whom1.Theman_talkedtoyoujustnowisaworker.2.Theforeigner_visitedourclassyesterdayisfromCa
11、nada.3.Idliketoseetheboy_youtalkedabout.4.Thegirl_wesawyesterdayisJohnssister.whowhowhomwhom难点难点(2):关系代词在定语从句中作关系代词在定语从句中作宾语宾语时时可可省略省略，作主语则不可。，作主语则不可。1.Didyoureadthebook_Ilendtoyou?A.whoseB./C.whoD.what2.Didyoureadthebook_waspopularatthemoment.A.thatB./C.whoD.whatBA指人指人指物指物主语主语宾语宾语that whichwhowhomS
12、ummary关系代词的用法关系代词的用法关系代词在从句的用法关系代词在从句的用法何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做做宾语宾语时可以省略时可以省略特特殊殊情情况况指物物时只能用that的情况1.先行词为_等不定代词时2.先行词被_修饰时3.先行词被_修饰时4.先行词被_修饰时5.先行词是be的表语或there be 的主语时指人人时只能用that的情况1.2.不不能用that的情况1.2.everything,all,little,muchall,every,no,any,some,little,much,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast序数词或形容词最高级序数词或形容
13、词最高级先行词先行词有人又有物有人又有物时时当主句是当主句是以以who或或which开头开头的特殊问句时的特殊问句时介词前置介词前置时时非限制性非限制性定语从句定语从句难点难点(4):特殊情况特殊情况1.Tomtoldhisfathereverything_hadhappened.A.thatB.whichC.D.what2.Finally,thethiefhandedallmoney_hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.what3.Thisisthelasttime_Illteachyou.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onw
14、hich4.ThefilmIsawafewdaysagoisthebestone_Illeverseen.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.onwhichACBC5.Thereisabook_youhaveread.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who6.Itisabook_isveryinteresting.A.whoB.whichC./D.that7.Whoisthegirl_issingingattheparty.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which8.Theyvisitedtheworkersandfactories_theyhadknownabout.
15、A.whichB.whoC.whomD.thatADCD1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5. The boy wit
16、h _ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that7. Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.8.All _ we can do is to study hard.9. The first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is the doctor wh
17、o saved the boys life.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.3. 我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐. I like the music that I can sing along with.4. 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师. The woman who lives next door is a teacher. who / that 在定语从句中做主语时，在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的谓语动词的单复数单复数应与应与先行词先行词保持保持一
18、致一致I prefer shoes that are cool. I like a pizza that is really delicious. I love singers who are beautiful. I have a friend who plays sports. The boy _ is standing under the tree is my friend Tom.He lives in a house _ stands on a hill. That little girl_ Tom often helps is his sister Mary. The bird _
19、 is singing in the cage is Toms too. Bob is his dog _ Tom and Maryoften play with. The dog is great. Yesterday he caught a thief _ was running away. thatwhowhomwhich/thatwhothatwhichthatwhichthat/whothat1.Last night I saw a very good film _ was about the youth.2.The student _ you want to see has com
20、e back.3.I like Judy and her house_ are very beautiful. whichwho/whom that关系副词关系副词When表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语I still remember the year when you graduated from 8 Middle School.Why表示原因，在定从中作原因状语，先行词只表示原因，在定从中作原因状语，先行词只有表示原因的有表示原因的reasonreason一词。一词。I dont know the reason why he was sick.Where表
21、示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。ThatistheschoolwhereIstudiedthreeyearsago.I like I lived 2 years ago.I like the house in which I lived 2 years ago.I like the house where I lived 2 years ago.My birthday is a time _I get lots of presents.thehouse.thehousein whichwherewhen修修饰对象象时间地点地点原因原因关系关系副副词先行词和关系
22、副词的搭配先行词和关系副词的搭配when=in/onwhichwhere=in/on/whichwhy=forwhich难点难点(1)：区分：区分who,whom1.Theman_talkedtoyoujustnowisaworker.2.Theforeigner_visitedourclassyesterdayisfromCanada.3.Idliketoseetheboy_youtalkedabout.4.Thegirl_wesawyesterdayisJohnssister.whowhowhomwhom难点难点(2):关系代词在定语从句中作关系代词在定语从句中作宾语宾语时时可可省略省略，
23、作主语则不可。，作主语则不可。1.Didyoureadthebook_Ilendtoyou?A.whoseB./C.whoD.what2.Didyoureadthebook_waspopularatthemoment.A.thatB./C.whoD.whatBA难点难点(3):介词前置介词前置：1、介词前置时不可用、介词前置时不可用that代替。代替。2、词组不可前置、词组不可前置1.Thisisthedictionary_Ipaidtendollars.A.whichB./C.whoD.forwhich2.Isawawoman_Italkedyesterday.A.whoB.whomC.to
24、whomD.whose3.Thisisthefarm_Ionceworked.A.inwhichB.onwhichC.atwhichD.which4.Isthisbook_youare_?A.forwhich,lookingB.forthat,lookingC.which,lookingforD.which,lookingDCBC特特殊殊情情况况指物物时只能用that的情况1.先行词为_等不定代词时2.先行词被_修饰时3.先行词被_修饰时4.先行词被_修饰时5.先行词是be的表语或there be 的主语时指人人时只能用that的情况1.2.不不能用that的情况1.2.everything,
25、all,little,muchall,every,no,any,some,little,much,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast序数词或形容词最高级序数词或形容词最高级先行词先行词有人又有物有人又有物时时当主句是当主句是以以who或或which开头开头的特殊问句时的特殊问句时介词前置介词前置时时非限制性非限制性定语从句定语从句难点难点(4):特殊情况特殊情况1.Tomtoldhisfathereverything_hadhappened.A.thatB.whichC.D.what2.Finally,thethiefhandedallmoney_hehadstol
26、entothepolice.A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.what3.Thisisthelasttime_Illteachyou.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich4.ThefilmIsawafewdaysagoisthebestone_Illeverseen.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.onwhichACBC5.Thereisabook_youhaveread.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who6.Itisabook_isveryinteresting.A.whoB.whichC./D.that7.Whoisthegirl_is
27、singingattheparty.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which8.Theyvisitedtheworkersandfactories_theyhadknownabout.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.thatADCD限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，若去掉，所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不可用逗号分开。 She has found the nacklace（that）she lost two weeks ago, 非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明（注：通常和主句间用逗号隔开，不受主句句子结构的
28、影响，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立） 例：My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 定语从句讲解定语从句讲解何谓定语从句？顾名思义，作定语的句子就何谓定语从句？顾名思义，作定语的句子就叫作定语从句。定语从句所修饰、限定的词叫作定语从句。定语从句所修饰、限定的词叫先行词。定语从句通常跟在和它发生关系叫先行词。定语从句通常跟在和它发生关系的先行词之后，它与先行词有着不可分割的的先行词之后，它与先行词有着不可分割的联系。它通常是由关系代词（联系。它通常是由关系代词（who，whom， whose，that，which，as）和关系副词）和关系副词（where，when，why， how）来引导。关）来引导。关系代词、关系副词在从句中需担当成分，但系代词、关系副词在从句中需担当成分，但无实际意义。初中阶段我们只要理解无实际意义。初中阶段我们只要理解who，that，which这几个关系代词所引导的定语这几个关系代词所引导的定语从句即可。从句即可。
