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1、宾宾 语语 从从 句句 The Object Clause1授课：XX1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾语语从从句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）2授课：XX宾语从句的概念：宾语从句的概念：在复合句中在复合句中放在动词或介词后充当放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子宾语的句子叫宾语叫宾语从句从句句子结构：句子结构：主句主句 + +连词（引导词）连词（引导词）+ + 宾语从句宾语从句3授课：XX宾语从句三要素：宾语从句三要素：一、一、引导词引导词 二、二、语序语序:陈述语序（
2、主语陈述语序（主语+谓语）谓语） 三三 、时态时态 四、四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别 五、宾语从句的反意疑问句五、宾语从句的反意疑问句 六、否定转移六、否定转移4授课：XX一、引导词一、引导词that 从句是陈述句从句是陈述句 (口语中常省略）口语中常省略） if/whether（是否）（是否）从句是一般疑问句从句是一般疑问句 wh/how(即特殊疑问词即特殊疑问词)从句是特殊疑问句从句是特殊疑问句We know （that）we should learn from each other.Please tell me if/whether you
3、have been to America.Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导 词，看从句成份词，看从句成份是否完整，是否完整，不完整不完整，一定是，一定是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句。完整完整，判断，判断主句主句语语气，是气，是疑问疑问语气，用语气，用if/whether; 是是肯定语气肯定语气，用，用that.5授课：XX一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词） 1.1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（
4、包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由句），连词由句），连词由句），连词由thatthat引导，因为引导，因为引导，因为引导，因为thatthat在从句中不作在从句中不作在从句中不作在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略vvLinTaofeelsLinTaofeels (that)(that) hisownteamis
5、evenbetter.hisownteamisevenbetter. vvShesaysShesays (that)(that) shewonttakepartinthesportsmeetingshewonttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.nextSunday.vvJimthoughtJimthought (that)(that) thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.vvHesaidHesaid (that)(that) hewouldliketoseethehe
6、admaster.hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.6授课：XX在在主主句句为为动动词词be加加某某些些形形容容词词（如如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等等）作作表表语语时时，后后面面所所跟跟的省略的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句的从句也可算是宾语从句vImsorry(that)Idontknow.vWeresure(that)ourteamwillwin.vImafraid(that)hewontpasstheexam.7授课：XX注注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略在口语
7、当中往往省略e.g. 1.I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）2.He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）3.The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun8授课：XX2.2.当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语从从从从句句句句是是是是一一一一般般般般疑疑疑疑问问问问句句句句时时时时，由由由由连连连连词词词词whetherwhether或或或或if if引引引引导导导导（口口口口语语
8、语语中中中中常常常常用用用用if if），因因因因为为为为if/whetherif/whether翻翻翻翻译译译译成成成成：“ “是是是是否否否否” ”，具具具具有有有有一一一一定定定定的的的的意意意意义义义义，所所所所以以以以不不不不能能能能省略省略省略省略vLilywantedtoknowLilywantedtoknow if/whetherif/whether hergrandmahergrandmalikedthehandbag.likedthehandbag.vLetsseeLetssee if/whetherif/whether wecanfindoutsomewecanfindo
9、utsomeinformationaboutthatcity.informationaboutthatcity.vSheaskedmeSheaskedme if/whetherif/whether shecouldborrowshecouldborrowthesebooks.thesebooks.9授课：XXIf/whether（是否）的区别（是否）的区别 一般情况下，一般情况下，if和和whether可以互换，但以下可以互换，但以下4种情况只能用种情况只能用whether：在不定式前：在不定式前：Whethertogothereornothasntbeendecided.在介词后：在介词后：
10、Itdependson(依靠依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.与与ornot连用：连用：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.做主语从句：做主语从句：Whetherheisrightisntimportant.10授课：XX3.3. 当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语从从从从句句句句是是是是特特特特殊殊殊殊疑疑疑疑问问问问句句句句时时时时，由由由由连连连连接接接接代代代代词词词词（what,what,who,who,whom,whom,which,which,whosewhose）或或或或连连连连接接接接副副副副词词词词（when,where
11、,how,whywhen,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词）引导，因为连接代词）引导，因为连接代词）引导，因为连接代词 或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具 有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略有一定的意义，所以不可以省略vDoyouknowDoyouknow whatwhat hesaidjustnow?hesaidjustnow?vIdontrememberIdontremember whenwhen we
12、arrived.wearrived.vIaskedhimIaskedhim wherewhere Icouldgetsomuchmoney.Icouldgetsomuchmoney.vPleasetellmePleasetellme who(whom)who(whom) wehavetosee.wehavetosee.vDoyouknowDoyouknow whattimewhattime theplaneleaves?theplaneleaves?11授课：XX由连接代词由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接及连接副词副词when,where,how,why引导
13、的宾语从句引导的宾语从句1. He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题）2. Do you know_. （他们在等谁）3. He asked _. （谁的书法是班上最好的）4.Please tell me _. （我们什么时候开会）5. Can you tell me _. （他在哪儿）6. Could you tell me _. （我该怎么去车站）7. Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了） who could answer the question whom they are waiting for whose handwriting was the best i
14、n the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late12授课：XX带带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句的词组也都可以引导宾语从句vCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowoftenhowoftenyougoabroadforyougoabroadforaholiday?aholiday?vCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowlonghowlongthemeetingwilllast?themeeting
15、willlast?vIdontknowIdontknowhowfarhowfaritistothecinema.itistothecinema.vPleasetellusPleasetellushowmanyhowmanystudentsthereareinstudentsthereareinyourschool?yourschool?vCanyoutellusCanyoutellushowoldhowoldhisbrotheris?hisbrotheris?vPleasetellusPleasetellushowsoonhowsoonyouwillbeready.youwillbeready
16、.vCouldyoutellusCouldyoutellushowmuchhowmuchitcoststoflytoitcoststoflytoHainan?Hainan?13授课：XX1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whetherA.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.Wedontknow_theydidit.2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which
17、A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.3. TheThe teacherteacher asksasks usus _ JimJim cancan comecome backback onontime.time.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattimeA.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime 4.4.DoesDoesanybodyanybodyknowknow_wewewillwillhavehavea asportssportsmeetingthisweekendornot.meetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whet
18、herD.thatA.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that DABC14授课：XX5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.whenA.thatB.whyC.howD.when6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoonHainan6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoonHainanIsland?Island?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whetherA.whatB.howC.ifD.whether7.Lilysaid_shehadfinishedhercompo
19、sition.7.Lilysaid_shehadfinishedhercomposition.A.ifB.thatC.whenD.whereA.ifB.thatC.whenD.where8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherA.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherBABD15授课：XX二、时态二、时态1. 1. 1. 1. 如如如如果果果果主主主主句句句句是是是是现现现现在在在在的的的的时时时时态态态态, , , ,或或或或祈祈祈祈使使使使句句句
20、句 （包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般现现现现在在在在时时时时 ，现现现现在在在在进进进进行行行行时时时时，现现现现在在在在完完完完成成成成时时时时），从从从从句句句句的的的的时时时时态态态态可可可可根根根根据据据据实实实实际际际际情情情情况况况况而而而而定定定定，（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般现现现现在在在在时时时时，一一一一般般般般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）vIknowheliveshere.Iknowheliveshere.vIknowhelivedheretenyearsa
21、go.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.vIhaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.16授课：XX2. 2.如如如如果果果果主主主主句句句句是是是是过过过过去去去去的的的的时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行行行行时时时时），那那那那么么么么从从从从句句句句的的的的时时时时态态态态一一一一定定定定要要要要用用用用相相相相对对对对应应应应的的的的过过过过去去去去的的的的某某某某种种种种时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一
22、一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）vIknewwholivedhere.Iknewwholivedhere.vIsawshewastalkingwithhermother.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.vHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebackHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.tomorrow.vHesaidthathehad
23、seenit.Hesaidthathehadseenit.17授课：XX3.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。时用一般现在时。vTheteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.18授课：XX1.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)2.MissWangtoldmethattheearth_(move)roundthesun.3.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)4.LingFengtoldmehe_toSh
24、anghaiseveraltimes.(be)5.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)6.Canyoutellmewhatthey_yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhadbeenrisesdid19授课：XX三、语序三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词连接词+ +主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +其他成分其他成分例如：例如：Wheredoeshelive?Idontknow.=Idontknowwherehelives.20授课：XX1.Whenwillhegotothelibrar
25、y?1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?HisbrotheraskswhenHisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotohewillgotothelibrary.thelibrary.HisbrotheraskswhenHisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotowillhegotothelibrary.thelibrary.2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?IdontknowwhatIdontknowwhathewantstohewantstobuy.buy.IdontknowwhatIdontk
26、nowwhatdoeshewanttodoeshewanttobuy.buy.3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?CanyoutellmewhoCanyoutellmewhowearegoingtowearegoingtomeet?meet?CanyoutellmewhoCanyoutellmewhoarewegoingtoarewegoingtomeet?meet?21授课：XX4.DoesheknowFrench?4.DoesheknowFrench?Wewanttoknowif/whetherWewanttoknowif/whether
27、heknowsheknowsFrench.French.Wewanttoknowif/whetherWewanttoknowif/whetherdoesheknowdoesheknowFrench.French.5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?Theyrenotsureif/whetherTheyrenotsureif/whethertheywillgototheywillgoto Canadainsummer.Canadainsummer.Theyrenotsureif/whetherTheyrenotsur
28、eif/whetherwilltheygotowilltheygoto Canadainsummer.Canadainsummer.22授课：XX1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?Doyouknow? 2.2.Mr.Mr.SmithSmithhavehavebeenbeenininChinaChinaforforaboutaboutthreethreeyearsyears. .JimtoldLinTao.JimtoldLinTao. Doyouknowif/
29、whetherthestudentshadapicnicDoyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?lastSunday?JimtoldLinTao(that)MrSmithhadbeeninChinaJimtoldLinTao(that)MrSmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.foraboutthreeyears.23授课：XX3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme.4.L
30、ighttravelsfasterthansound.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterdaysclass.Ourteachertoldusinyesterdaysclass.PleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterdaysclass.24授课：XX1could/would是是委委婉婉语语气气，而而不不是是过过去去式式，因因此此宾宾语语从从句句的的时时态态根根据据实实际际情
31、情况况用用不不同同时态。时态。注意事项vCouldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourCouldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?tickets?vCouldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?vWouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?25授课：XX2.如如果果主主句句的的谓谓语语动动词词是是ask时时，连连词词不不可可能能是是t
32、hat；如如果果主主句句的的谓谓语语动动词词是是say时时，连连词用词用thatvShesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.vHesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild.vHeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.vYoumayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.26授课：XX3.如果从句中含有如果从句中含有or或或ornot时，只能时，只能用用whether而不用而不用ifvCouldyoutellmewhetherthatsafast
33、trainornot?vDoyouknowwhetherheisrightornot?vIdontcarewhetherhellstayhereornot.27授课：XX4.否定的转移否定的转移当主句的谓语主语是第一人称当主句的谓语主语是第一人称,谓语动词是谓语动词是think, believe, guess, suppose等词等词 时，时，其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。I dont think he is right.附加疑问句（反意疑问句）附加疑问句（反意疑问句）1.当主句主语为当主句主语为I（我），主句动词为（我），主句动词为suppose
34、,believe，think等，则根据从句判等，则根据从句判断，但肯、否定形式根据主句判断：断，但肯、否定形式根据主句判断：I dont think he is serious,_?28授课：XX5.标点符号的确定标点符号的确定带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号取决取决于主句于主句。主句是主句是 陈述句陈述句: 。 He asked me where I went just now. 问句：问句： ？ Do you know when hell be back?29授课：XX1.Couldyoushowme_?1.Couldyoushowme_?A.howca
35、nIgettothestationA.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_.2.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeA.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike
36、C.whathelikesD.whathelike3.Mysistertoldhim_.3.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedA.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD30授课：XX4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_nextweek.4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_nextweek.A.wouldgoB.togoA.woul
37、dgoB.togoC.hadtogoD.willgoC.hadtogoD.willgo5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch_toflyto5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch_toflytoHainan?Hainan?A.doitcostB.doesitcostA.doitcostB.doesitcostC.itcostD.itcostsC.itcostD.itcosts6.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.6.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.A.whatistheirstockingsinA.whatistheirstockingsi
38、nB.whatisintheirstockingsB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockingsD.whatintheirstockingsDBD31授课：XX7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisA.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitisC.whoisitD.wh
39、oitis8.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?8.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchA.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChinaBD32授课：XX将下列句子合并为一句将下列句
40、子合并为一句: :1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskedi
41、ftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem. Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework. Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.33授课：XX34授课：XX【例例1】 When I went to have the bill,I realized I had my wallet at home.2006 北京市北京市 A.forgotten B.left C.had D.taken 中考典型例题解析中考典型例题解析【例例3】 Do you know _ I could pa
42、ss the exam? Sorry,Ive no idea. A.that B.whether C.what D.which B【例例2】 Could you tell me _?2003 甘肃省甘肃省 A.when will Tom come back B.when does Tom come back C.when Tom will come back D.when Tom comes back CB 【例例4】 Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday?2003 北京海淀区北京海淀区 A.what will Tom do B.what
43、 did Tom do C.what Tom will do D.what Tom did C 35授课：XX【例例7】 Mr King didnt know _ yesterday evening.2003 吉林省吉林省 A.when does his son come home B.when his son comes home C.when did his son come home D.when his son came home 【例例5】 Do you know _?2003 北京市北京市 Next year. A.when he come B.when did he come C
44、.when he will come D.when will he come C 【例例6】 Could you tell us _?2003 河南省河南省 A.when you will send the fridge to our house B.when will you send the fridge to our house C.when you would send the fridge to our house D.when would you send the fridge to our house DA36授课：XX.单项选择单项选择1.Do you remember _ l
45、ast time? A.what is your teacher sayingB.what your teacher said C.what did your teacher say D.what your teacher says2.He didnt tell me _. A.how old he was B.how old was he C.he was how old D.how much did it cost3.Excuse me,could you tell me _?A.whats wrong with him B.what wrong is with himC.what was
46、 wrong with himD.what wrong was with him课时训练课时训练(B)(A)(A)37授课：XX4.Excuse me，can you tell me _? A.does the train leave B.the train had left C.the train leaves D.did the train leave5.I wonder _. A.where have you gone B.where you have gone C.where have you been D.where you have been6.He wants to know _
47、 America.A.when will Mr.Li leave for B.when will Mr.Wang stay inC.why will Mr.Wang stay in D.when Mr.Wang will leave for7.I want to know if _ a meeting tomorrow. A.you have B.you will have C.do you have D.will you have(C)(D)(D)(B)38授课：XX8.Id like to know _.A.when will he give back the tapeB.whether
48、has he received higher educationC.that he has been busyD.whether she will join in our English Evening9.He asked me whether I _ to his birthday party if I _ time. A.was going,had B.would go ,would have C.was going,was going to have D.will go,have10.He said he _ to visit that famous museum the next we
49、ek. A.will go B.should go C.were going D.would go11.He asked _ they could go to Beijing or Nanjing. A.how B.what C.if D.whether(D)(A)(D)(D)39授课：XX.句型转换句型转换同义句转换同义句转换(1)He taught me how to surf.He taught me how _ _surf.(2)The foreigners want to know how they can learn Chinese well. The foreigners wan
50、t to know _ _learn chinese well.(3)He cant decide which one to choose.He cant decide which one _ _choose.(4)He asked “Do you like living here?He asked _you _living here.课时训练课时训练I couldhow tohe could if liked 40授课：XX(5)Could you tell me where I should show the tickets. Could you tell me _ _ _the tickets.(6)I wondered whether I could go.I wondered _ _go.(7)I dont know what I should say at the meeting?I dont know _ _say at the meeting.(8)Can you tell me which dress we should buy.Can you tell me _ _ _buy. 课时训练课时训练where to showwhether towhat towhich dress to41授课：XXThank you!42
