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1、Unit3DiscoveringusefulstructuresPASTPARTICIPLE(3)USEDASTHEADVERBIAL Worried about the journey,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.=As I was worried about the journey,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.Rewritethesentencebelow.participleusedastheadverbialReadthreemoresentenceswithpastparticiplesusedastheadve
2、rbial.1.Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparentscompany,called“FutureTour”,transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule.2.Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.3.Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastsleep.MOREEXAMPLESENTENCES1.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.2.Whenitisseenunderamicroscope,afreshsnow
3、flakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.When heated,icewillbechangedintowater.Seen under a microscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.过去分词作时间状语过去分词作时间状语1.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.Whenheated,icewillbechangedintowater.2.Whenitisseenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-
4、pointed.Seenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语1.Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.Givenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.2.Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.Doneinahurry,
5、hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.过去分词作条件或者假设状语过去分词作条件或者假设状语1.Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.2.IfIamcomparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.过去分词作方式或过去分词作方式或伴随伴随情况状语情况状语1.Thehunterle
6、fthishouse,andhewasfollowedbyhisdog.Thehunterlefthishouse,followedbyhisdog.2.Shesatbythewindow,andshewaslostinthought.Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.Althoughwewereexhaustedbytheclimb,wecontinuedourjourney,wecontinuedourjourney.Exhaustedbytheclimb,wecontinuedourjourney.过去分词作让步状语过去分词作让步状语1)1)过去分词在句子中
7、可以作时间状语、原过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语、让步因状语、伴随状语、条件状语、让步状语等。状语等。2)2)过去分词作状语时过去分词作状语时, ,过去分词的逻辑主过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。语与句子主语一致。Summary过去分词作状语有两大特点：过去分词作状语有两大特点：1)1)表示被动的动作，分词与主语的逻辑表示被动的动作，分词与主语的逻辑关系被动；关系被动；2)2)表示已经完成的动作。表示已经完成的动作。1.Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,hetol
8、dusaboutit.2.Well-knownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.Rewritethesentenceswithproperconjunctions.3.Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.Ifweweregivenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodothewor
9、kmuchbetter. 4.OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.5.Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.6.Leftaloneatho
10、me,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.Althoughhewasleftaloneathome，Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.REWRITETHESENTENCESWITHPASTPARTICIPLE.1.AsIwasworriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays._,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.Worriedaboutthejourney2.Ifheisgiventime,hellmakeafirst-classtennisplayer._,hellmake
11、afirst-classtennisplayer.3.AsIwasconfusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair._,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.GiventimeConfusedbythenewsurroundings4.Whenhewasquestionedbythepoliceaboutthefire,hebecametense. _ _ _,hebecametense.Questionedbythepoliceaboutthefire1.Frightenedbytheloudnoise,Iwent
12、toseewhatwashappening.2.Hitbythelackoffreshair,hegotabadheadache,3.Tiredafterthelongjourney,Istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation4.Frightenedbythenoiseoutside,thelittlegirldarednotsleepinherbedroom.Combinethesesentencesusingthepastparticipleastheadverbial.(page21Ex2.)5.Builtin1910,themuseum
13、isalmost100yearsold.6.Givensomeadvicebythefamousscientist,thestudentwasnotworriedabouthisscientificexperimentanymore.7.Exhaustedafteradayswork,Georgetooksometabletstohelphimfeelbetter.8.Veryastonishedbytheamountofworkinthenewtimetable,Lucydecidedtoleaveherjobimmediately.1.Followingtheoldman,wewentup
14、stairs.(跟着那个老人跟着那个老人,我我们上了楼上了楼)2.Followedbytheoldman,wewentupstairs.(被那个老人跟着被那个老人跟着,我我们上了楼上了楼)Compare3.从上面看从上面看,体育体育场好像一个好像一个鸟巢。巢。_fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen4.从太空看从太空看,宇航宇航员看不到看不到长城。城。_fromthespace,theastronautcouldnotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.SeenBA注意注意作状语的过去分词其逻辑主语
15、通常就是句子作状语的过去分词其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的；过去分词与主语之间是的；过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动宾关系，即被动关系。动关系。这一点是与现在分词作状语的情况这一点是与现在分词作状语的情况是不同的，后者与主语之间是是不同的，后者与主语之间是主谓关系。主谓关系。COMPLETEEACHSENTENCEUSINGTHEPASTPARTICIPLEOFTHERIGHTVERB.1)_bynoisesinthenight,thegirln
16、olongerdaredtosleepinherroom.2)Theladyreturnedhome,_bytwopolicemen.frightentrapfollowshootFrightenedfollowed3)If_inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.4)Although_intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthethief.trappedshotPastparticiple(3)Usedastheattribute过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的
17、间存在着逻辑上的被动关系被动关系, ,且表示该且表示该动动作已经完成作已经完成。单个的过去分词作定语。单个的过去分词作定语, ,通通常置于被修饰的词的前面；分词短语作常置于被修饰的词的前面；分词短语作定语时定语时, ,须置于被修饰词的后面须置于被修饰词的后面。1.LastSundaywewentonanorganizedtriptotheforest.上周日我上周日我们进行了一次有行了一次有组织的去森林的旅行。的去森林的旅行。2.Aletterpostedtodaywillreachhimthedayaftertomorrow.今天寄出的信后天他就能收到。今天寄出的信后天他就能收到。A.被动意
18、义：被动意义：anhonoredguest一位受尊敬的客人一位受尊敬的客人(受伤的工人受伤的工人)arenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.B.完成意义完成意义aretiredteacher一位退休教师一位退休教师Theyarecleaning(落落叶叶)intheyard.Theinjuredworkersthefallenleaves过去分词作定语前置和后置两种情况过去分词作定语前置和后置两种情况单个的过去分词作定语单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被通常放在被修饰的名词之前修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意义。表示被动和完成意义。1.前置定语前置定语过去分
19、词短语作定语时过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被通常放在被修饰的名词之后修饰的名词之后,它的作用相当于一个它的作用相当于一个定语从句。定语从句。Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten.=Whoweretheso-calledguestsinvited(=)toyourpartylastnight?thathaseverbeenwrittenwhohadbeeninvited2.2.后置定语后置定语如果被修饰的词是由如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指所构成的复合代词或指示代词示代词th
20、ose等时，即使一个单一的分词等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如：例如：Isthereanythingunsolved?ThereisnotingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.注意注意: : 现在分词作定语，它与被修饰的名现在分词作定语，它与被修饰的名词存在着逻辑上的词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系主谓关系，而且该，而且该动词的动词的动作正在进行动作正在进行。 过去分词做定语时，它与被修饰的过去分词做定语时，它与被修饰的名词存在着逻辑上有名词存在着逻辑上有动宾关系动宾关系，而且，而且该动词的该动词的动作已经
21、发生动作已经发生了。了。现在分词与过去分词现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别作定语的区别Heworkedasaworkerbuildingroads.(主动主动)=Heworkedasaworkerwho/thatbuiltroads.Thisisapicturepaintedbymyfather.(被动被动)=Thisisapicturewhichwaspaintedbymyfather.Iknowtheyoungmansleepingonthebench.(在进行在进行) )=Iknowtheyoungmanwhoissleepingonthebench.Thelettermailedlast
22、nightwillreachhimtomorrow.( (已完成已完成) )=Theletterwhichwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。语，前后常有逗号。Someofthem,bornandbroughtupincountryvillages,hadneverseenatrain.分词作定语可以转换成定语从句分词作定语可以转换成定语从句:Weliveinahousefacing(whichfaces)thesouth.Thisisthefactory(which
23、was)builtin1980.1.SoonwelostsightofthatfamousastronomercalledLiQiang.2.IamgoingtobuyapaintingcopiedfromVincentvanGogh.3.Ilikethatoldprivatehousebuiltofwoodandmud.Combinethesesentencesusingthepastparticipleastheattribute.(page21Ex3.)4.Theroomconnectedtotherestofthehousebyalongpassageiscompletelyempty
24、.5.Thequeenwassittinginaroyalcarriagedrawnbyfourhorses.6.Thevehiclementionedinthebookisunknowntome.7.Thecastlebuiltin1432isunderrepair.1.TheOlympicGames,_in776B.C.,didntincludewomenuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobeplaying考点点拨考点点拨C简析简析:首先首先,根据语法分析可知根据语法分析可知,待选部分待选部分是一个作定语、修
25、饰是一个作定语、修饰TheOlympicGames的后置分词短语的后置分词短语;再根据再根据TheOlympicGames对于动词对于动词play来说只来说只能是被动承受能是被动承受,且已完成且已完成(in776B.C.)。2.Whatsthelanguage_inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak简析析:测试过去分去分词作后置定作后置定语表达被表达被动,等于定等于定语从句从句whichisspoken。B3.Mostoftheartists_tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinvit
26、eC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited简析简析:测试过去分词作后置定语表达测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动被动,等于定语从句等于定语从句whowereinvited。A4.Thecomputercentre,_lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened简析析:测试过去分去分词短短语作定作定语放在所放在所修修饰的名的名词后后,可以用非限制性定可以用非限制性定语从从句句whichwasopenedlastyear代替。代替。D5.Thefirs
27、ttextbooks_forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written简析析:测试过去分去分词作后置定作后置定语表达被表达被动,等于定等于定语从句从句whichwerewritten。D1.When_ifshewouldrequestarise,theactresssaidthatmoneywasnotimportant.A.askedB.askingC.havingaskedD.beingaskedAChoosetheb
28、estanswers.2.YesterdayIsawinthenewspaperateachingpost_ataschoolclosetomyhomeandIwantedtoapplyforit.A.advertisesB.advertisingC.advertisedD.toadvertiseC3.Marysfathersaidthathewouldattendthemeetingif_.A.invitingB.invitedC.hadinvitedD.tobeinvited4.John,_bytheterribleaccident,couldsaynothingatfirst.A.fri
29、ghtenedB.wasfrightenedC.hasfrightenedD.frightening5.Wheneverthemistakeshemade_inpublicbyhisparents,Tomwouldrunawayunhappily.A.talkingaboutB.totalkaboutC.weretalkingaboutD.weretalkedaboutBAD6._inasmallbasket,thedogconstantlymovedfromsidetoside.A.TocarryB.TobecarriedC.CarryingD.Carried7.Greatly_bythew
30、arm-heartedpeoplearound,theydecidedtomakegreateffortstotrytheexperimentagain.A.inspiredB.inspiringC.tobeinspiredD.havingbeeninspired8._byagroupofyoungpeople,theoldmanwasverydelighted.A.SurroundingB.HavingsurroundedC.TobesurroundedD.SurroundedDAD9._unimaginablestrength,theinjuredsoldierstruggledtohis
31、ownfeet.A.FilledwithB.TofillwithC.FillingwithD.Beingfilledwith10.Withhiseyes_onthecomputerscreen,hedidntnoticehismothercomingin.A.fixingB.beingfixedC.tobefixedD.fixedAD1.Ilikereadingthenovels_(write)byZhangAiling.2.Thegirl_(write)aletterinthestudyismycousin.3.ThereissomethingwrongwithmycarandIhaveto
32、getit_(repair).writtenwritingrepairedFillintheblanks.4.Iwantthedoorsofmynewhouse_(paint)white.5.Therewasa_(surprise)lookonhisface.6.Hewas_(excite)atthegoodnews.7.Thestorywasso_(move)thathewas_(move)totears.paintedsurprisedexcitedmovingmoved8._(use)inthisway,thewordshouldntbetakenasaverb.9._(arm)with
33、specialguns,knivesandbrushes,twoastronautsbeganfixingthespacecraft.10.Though_(catch)inatrafficjam,wemanagedtoarriveattheairport.UsedArmedcaught11.Susanisnoteasytogetalongwith.Butonce_(gain),herfriendshipwilllastforever.12.Henrydidntattendtheparty_(hold)atTomshouselastnight,forhewasbusypreparingforhisexam. gainedheld1.Reviewthegrammarfocus.2.FinishUsingstructuresonPage57.3.Previewreadingpassageonpage22.Homework
