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1、学习必备欢迎下载初中英语时态和语态专项练习题1The boy is happy because he _(sell) out all the newspapers. 2The plan _(give) up because of rain. 3If it _(not rain) tomorrow, we _(go )fishing. 4Where _you_(be) these days? 5Where is Tom? He _(go) to the post office. He said he _(come) back soon. 6Mike says he _(want )to be a
2、 worker after he _ (finish )school. 7The last bus _just _(leave) when they _(get) to the bus stop. 8She _(not go) to bed until she _(finish) her work. 9Light _(travel )much faster than sound. 10I _(feel) much better after I _(take) the medicine. 11”Where _we_(meet)? ” “Let s meet outside the park ga
3、te.”12I_(be) afraid Mr Johnson _(not visit) out school tomorrow. 13I _(lost) my bike ._you _(see) it anywhere? 14_this kind of car _(produce) in Shanghai? 15We _(see) several members of the family since we _(arrive) 16I found that the students _(play) football on the playground. 17The shop _(close)
4、at this time of day. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载18Where _your watch _(lose)? 19_the doctor _(send) for last night? 20Three children _(take) good care by the nurse. 21Some children _(take ) good care by the nurse. 22Some new houses _(build) by the villagers thems
5、elves. 23What language _(speak) in Australia? 24The colour TV _(buy) in that shop three days ago. 25He said he _(stay) here for another two days. 26The doctor said Jim must _(operate ) on at once. 27“_the bridge _(repair) yet?”“ Yes, the workers_ already_(r epair) it.”28We are in Grade One this year
6、, so we _(teach ) physics next year. 29“Where _(be) you last night?”“ I_(ask) to help Tom at home”30The big tree _(blow)down in the storm last night. 31I_ never _(eat) such delicious noodles before. 32When we reached the town, it _(get) dark. 33We _(have) lunch when suddenly someone knocked at the d
7、oor. 34Lucy said she _(visit) the school the next month. 35I _(wait) until he comes back. 36You _(watch) TV after supper, arent you?精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载37They _(be) to that small village several times. 39Can you tell me if it _(snow) tomorrow? 40Could you
8、 tell me if you _(read) the story book? 41He said the lights in the room _(go) out when he opened the door. 42I _(be) fifteen soon. 43Tom, your aunt _(come) this afternoon . 44My teacher often _(tell) us not to play on the street. 45They_(plant) trees on the hill. Do you see? 46The teacher said that
9、 the earth _(move) round the sun. 47She said she _(put) on a new coat the next day. 48The Great Wall _(know) all over the world. 49Could you tell me where Alice _ (live)? 50_the film _(show) many times since last Sunday. 51_the street lights usually _(turn) on at seven in summer evening? 52I _(not g
10、o) to the cinema because I _(see) the film before. 53It _(get) dark. What about _(go) home at once? 54You _(be) late if you _(not hurry). 55Use your head and you _(find) a better way. 56Look！Someone _(lie) on the floor. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载57It _(rain) ha
11、rder now. It _(rain) quite often in summer. 58Here _(come) the bus. 59 I don t know when the manager _(return), but when be _(come) back I _(let) you know. 60“Where _(be) you this time yesterday?”“I_(be) at home. I _(go) over my lessons then.”KEY:1has sold 2will be given up/ has been given up 3doesn
12、t rain, will go 4have, been 5has gone, would come 6wants, finishes 7had, left, got 8wont go, finishes9travels 10felt, had taken 11 shall/will, meet 12 am, wont visit13 have lost, Have seen 14 is, produced 15Have seen, arrived 16were playing 17is closed 18was, lost/ has, been lost 19was, been sent 20
13、was taken 21are taken 22have been built 23is spoken 24 was bought 25would stay 26be operated 27has, been repaired, have repaired 28will be taught 29were ,was, 30was blewn 31have, eaten 32got/ had got 33were having 34would visit 35will wait 36are watching 37have been 38snows 39had studied 40have read
14、 41had been gone 42will be/ am 43will come 44tells 45are planting 46moves 47would put 48is known 49lives 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载50has, been showed 51are, turned 52wont go, have seen53gets, going 54will be, dont hurry55will find 56is lying 57is raining/ rains
15、, rains 58comes 59will return, comes, will let 60were, was, was going 初中英语语法之感叹句感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用what和how引导， what和how 与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。一、 由what引导的感叹句： what意为多么用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分） ， 单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是：what+(a/an)+adj. + n. +主语+谓语. 如： What a clever girl she i
16、s! 多么聪明的姑娘呀！ What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀！ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀！ What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀！ What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀！ What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀！二、由how引导的感叹句： how意为 多么，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词 （被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词， 则句中的谓语动词用系动词； 如果 how 修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，
17、这类句子的结构形式是：How+ adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语. 如： How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀！ How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀！精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载 How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀！ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀！ How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀！三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用what引导，也可用 h
18、ow 引导。如： What a hot day it is! How hot the day is! 多么热的天气呀！ What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀！ What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀！ What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的阳光呀！四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句， 其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。如： Wh
19、at a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀！ What an honest boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀！How cool! 好凉快呀！How wonderful! 精彩极了！初中英语常用词组辨析 (31 组) Look 和 See 答：a. look 一词单独用时，表示 “ 看！” ，通常要放在句首。如：Look! There is a monkey in the tree. 看！树上有一只猴子。b. look at 表示要看具体的内容，如人或物。如：Dont look at me. Look at the blackboard, please. 不要看我，请看黑板。c. see表示看的结果
20、，即 “ 看到；看见 ” 。如：Can you see the words on the blackboard? 你能看见黑板上的字吗？see也用于 “ 看电影 ” 这个词组中，即： see a film Spend take pay pay 的主语必须是人 : (sb) pay money for sth. / pay sb.for sth.; 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载spend 的主语必须是人: (sb.) spend money/.for/on sth./ in doing sth.
21、 在.方面花钱或精力 ; take 表 示 做 某 事 花 费 多 少 时 间 , 其 主 语 一 般 是 一 件 事 ; 有 时 也 可 以 是人: It takes/ took sb. some time to do sth. 强调完成动作所花费的时间。 It takes sb some time to do sth It took him half an hour to finish his homework 他花了半个小时完成家庭作业。 sb spends some time money on sth (in) doing sth I spent thirty yuan on this
22、 book我三十元买了这本书。 She spent ten minutes (in) getting there 她 10 分钟到达那儿。 sb pays (some money) for sth He paid a lot of money for the building他买房子花了许多钱。表“ 花费” 的动词中，还有一个，即cost: cost 的主语必须是物或事 : (sth.) cost(s) sb. money/life/health/time.; This coat cost me eighty yuan 这件上衣花了我80 元。3、on in at 1.at 介词 at 表时间
23、、表地点。（1）at表示时间，用于钟点前，用于时刻前，译为在.时（刻） 。如：at three three oclock 在三点。at a quarter to six 六点差一刻。at noon 在中午， at night 在夜晚，at midnight 在半夜at breakfast lunchsupper 在吃早饭午饭晚饭时at this time of day 在每天这个时候（2）at表示地点，一般用于较小的地名（方）前，译为在.。如：at home 在家， at the station 在车站（3）at表示处于 .状态，译为 从事于 .。如：at school 在上学， at wor
24、k 在工作【相关链接】 at加名词一般可与现在进行时态互换使用，表示正在进行的动作，试比较： They are at work They are working2in 小小介词 in，用途却很多。可表时间，表地点，表手段、方法、材料。（1）in 表示时间，用于泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上等；用于某个较长的时间，如年、月、季节等。如：in the morningafternoonevening在上（下午）或晚上， in 2003 在 20XX 年，in the daydaytime 在白天【相关链接】 in 还可以表示 从现在起一段时间以后 。如：They will see you in a we
25、ek他们将在一周后去看你。另外，in 和 at都可以表示时间， 但 in 表示较长的时间， 而 at 表示时间的某一点。例如：He got up late in the morning and had a meal at noon 他早上起得晚，所以只吃午餐。（2）in 表示地点、 场所，译为在.里、在.中。如：in the factory 在工厂，in the room 在房间里， in the sun 在阳光下， in the middle of 在.的中央【相关链接】 in 和 at都可表示地点，而in 表示的地点比 at所表示的地点大。（3）in 表示用语言，用 .材料。译为 用.，以
26、.方式。如： in English 用精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载英语， in ink 用墨水（4）in 表示穿戴的状态，译为 戴着、穿着 。如： in the white shirt 穿着白色的衬衫， in the cap戴着帽子【相关链接】 in 表示穿（戴）着 是介词，指状态，同wear 一样。 in 后接表示服装类的名词或表示颜色的词。如：Kate is in a red skirtKate wears a red skirt 凯特穿着红裙子。3on 介词 on 表示时间、地点、方位等
27、。（1） on 表示时间，用于星期、日期 （包括该天的各部分）。 如： on Sunday Sundays ，on Monday morningafternoonevening等。on 也用于某一日的名词前，用于公共节假日前。如：On New Years Day 在元旦， on Childrens Day 在儿童节等。（2）on表示地点、位置，有 在.旁、接近、靠近之意。如：a house on the main road 临大街的房子，sit on my right 坐在我的右边（3）on表示状态，译为 处于.情况中，从事于 .等。如：on duty 值日， on holiday 度假（4）
28、on表示在.上面，用在表示物体的名词前。如：on the box 在盒子上【相关链接】 on 和 over 都是介词，on 表示在.上面，指一物体与另一物体表面相接触； over 表示在.上方，指一物体与另一物体不接触。试比较：There is a light on the desk 桌子上有盏台灯。（light 与 desk接触）There is a light over the desk 桌子上方有一盏灯。（light 与 desk不接触）【特别提示】表示 在.上，介词 on 与 in 必须注意习惯用法， 否则会出错。不妨比较一番：on the tree in the tree都译为 .在
29、树上 。 前者表示树上本身所长着的叶子、花、果实等；后者表示某物或某人在树上。on the wallin the wall 都译为 在墙上 。由于介词不同， 在使用上有区别。 图画、黑板、风筝等 在墙上 ，是因为它们在墙的表面上，故用on the wall；门窗、钉子、洞、孔等 在墙上 ，是因为它们在墙的里面，故用in the wall。4、clothes和 clothing clothes泛指服装，包括上、下装，内、外衣clothing 是衣着的总称，无复数形式，如：mans clothing 5、a bit 与 a little a bit 和 a little a bit 和 a lit
30、tle 都有“ 一点、少许” 之意。两进用作名词时， 不能直接跟名词或代词，而必须用介 of 连接。如：Well, Mrs Green, may be he has caught a bit of cold. Theres a little (=bit of) time left. 还剩一点儿时间。She knows a bit (=little) of English. 她懂一点儿英语。a bit 和 a little 也可用作副词，后面跟形容词或副词。如：The jacket is a bit (=little) large. 这件夹克有点大。That s a bit expensive.
31、 Can I try them on, please? He ran a little faster than me. 他跑得比我快一点。little 还可用作形容词，表示“ 小的 ” 、“ 几乎没有 ” 。如： a little girl （一个小姑精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载娘） 、 a little water（有一点水）注意： not a little 和 not a bit 的意思完全不同，前者是“ 许多、很 ” ，后者是 “ 一点儿也不 ” 、“ 毫不” 。试对比：It s not
32、 a bit cold. 天一点儿也不冷。It s not a little cold.天很冷。6、everyday和 every day Everyday 是形容词，意思是 “ 日常用的 ” ；every day“ 每天” 是句词短语作状语。例如：You must pay attention to your_English. A.every days B.everyday C.everyday s D.every day 7、have to和 must 首先，两者都可译为 “ 应该” 或“ 必须” ，都是情态助动词， 这是它们的共同之处；但在用法上有以下重要区别： have to表示客观条件
33、决定不得不做某事语气较弱；must 表示说话人主观的看法，语气较强。例如： Do I have to say the words? 我必须说这些话吗 ? You must work hard at English. 你必须努力学习英语。must 只有一种形式，而have to有人称、数和时态的形式变化。例如：She has to go to school earlier. 她应当早一点儿上学。 (一般现在时，单数第三人称) Ill have to write to him this evening. 今晚我必须给他写信。 (一般将来时 ) He had to look after his si
34、ster yesterday. 8、look,look at,see 都是“ 看” 的意思。 look 是不及物动词，一般单独使用，look at 是及物动词，后可接所看的事物，东西， see也是及物动词，后可接所看的人，电影等。如：Look.The bus is coming. Please look at the blackboard. I saw a film yesterday.(saw是 see的过去式 ) 9、near beside near表示相对的 “ 近” ， 实际距离可能还很远。例如：Suzhou is near Shanghai. There is a post offi
35、ce near our school. beside表示“ 靠近” ，实际距离不可能很远，例如：He was sitting beside her. 10、past pass pass, past这两个词不是同义词， 也不是近义词， 但初学者容易用错。 pass是动词，而 past是介词，有时用作形容词或名词。当pass用作动词和 past用作介词时，它们都有 “ 过去” 和“ 经过 ” 的意思，这里主要讨论它们这种含义上的用法差别。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载Three months pas
36、sed and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door. 三个月过去了，后来有一天上午，山姆在自己前门的外面发现了自己的钱包。After they passed the forest, they came to a river. 他们穿过那个树林后，便来到一条河边。I go past the post-office every day. 我每天都从邮局经过。Its two minutes past twelve. 现在是十二点过两分。注：past用作形容词，是 “ 过去的 ” 意思，用作名词是 “ 过去” 的意
37、思The past year was full of troubles. 过去的一年充满着困难。We knew nothing of his past. 关于他的过去情况我们一无所知。11、die dead dealth die 死亡（ vi.）(died 是 die 的过去时形式 )，如：He died yesterday. death n.1. 死亡；逝世The death of her mother was sudden. 她母亲的死很突然。2.死因The accident was the death of him. 他因意外事故而死。dead adj. 1.死亡的；无生命的My fat
38、her has been dead for ten years. 我父亲已经去世十年了。2.无感觉的；无 生气的；麻木的If your fingers get very cold, they feel dead. 你的手指如果冷得过分，它们会失去知觉。3.不再使用的a dead language 已经死亡了的文字4.失灵的；用完的；不发挥作用的The televisions been dead since the storm. 暴风雨过后那台电视机就坏了。12、large和 big large 侧重表示三维量值，强调体积，修饰人时指个子大。此外它也可以表示范围，能力 (capacity)和数量
39、 (amount或 quantity)方面的大Do you want the large size, or the small size? 你是要大号的还是要小号的？big 也可以表示体积大，但不同于large。比方， a large box 只说明箱子大，但未必重，而 a big box 不仅体积大而且含义此箱子很重。此外，big 还含义给人以深刻的印象，有时含有 “ 重要” 的意思。因此可以用big 来修饰 problem，但不能用large， a big person 未必 large， 相反 a large person未必 big On the last day I made a b
40、ig decision. 在最后一天，我作了一项重大的决定。He is working for a big firm. 他现在为一家大商行工作。13、in 和 into in 意为“ 在内” ，是表示静态的介词， into 意为“ 进里” ，是表示动态的复合介词。例如：She is walking in the room.她正在房间里踱来踱去。She walked into the room. 她走进了房间。在 put, throw, break, lay, fall等动词之后，既可以用in，也可以用 into，这时 in 也精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 -
41、- - - - - -第 10 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载表示动态，常含有into 的意思。例如：He put all the books in/into the bag. 他把所有的书都放进书包里。In 可以作副词， into 不可。例如： Come in! 进来！14、past pass across cross pass动词， “ 经过；穿过；通过；度过；传递” ，在句中通常作谓语。例如：This information will never pass my lips.我决不泄漏这个消息。Please pass me the ruler.请把尺子递给我。 past是 pass的过去
42、分词。用于构成完成时态。 past介词， “ （指时间、地点、数量、程度等）过； （指范围、限度、能力等）超过” 。例如：at half past seven在七点半Our bus drove past the Great Hall of the People. 我们乘的公共汽车开过人民大会堂。 across介词， “ 横过；穿过；在 的另一边 ” ，指从一边到另一边，在句中作状语。例如：Let s help push the cart across the bridge. 我们帮着把车子推过桥吧。The post office is just across the street. 邮局就在马
43、路对过。副词， “ 横过；穿过；从一边到另一边；交叉；横；阔” 。例如：The river is 400 metres across. 河宽有四百米。 cross动词， “ 越过；穿过；渡过；使交叉/相交； ” 在句中可以作谓语。例如：The red army crossed the snow mountains and the marshy grasslands. 红军爬雪山，过草地。 （及物动词，后面跟宾语）You may cross to the other side of the street by subway. 你可以从地道过街。（不及物动词，后面要跟宾语必须加介词to。 ）名词，
44、 “ 十字形； ” 例如： the Red Cross 红十字会15、or 和 and or 和 and都有“ 和，还有，跟 ” 之义，但 and 用于肯定句中，而or 用在选择疑问句或否定句中，如：Tom and John are both my friends. Shall we meet this afternoon or tomorrow ？or 常译作 “ 或者” ，另外还有 “ 否则” 之义，而 and 没有，如：Hurry up，or youll be late.（否则）16、street way road route road意为“ 路” ，“ 道路” ，指供车辆或行人通过的大
45、道，两侧一般没有房子。如：The car is running along the road. 汽车沿（着这条道）路行驶。Street 意为 “ 街道 ” ，指城镇、乡村任何两旁有房子的路。“ 在街上 ” 可以说on the street, 也可以说 in the street, 前者是美国英语，后者是英国英语。说“ 在第几号” 要用介词 at，如： There are many shops in the street.街上有许多商店。Way意为“ 道路 ” ，指 street, road或任何可以通行的路，含义较抽象。口语中问路时常用 way。way 还可指路程距离。如：I asked th
46、e way to the station. 我打听去车站的路。It was a long way from here. 路（程）很远。route 的含义是 “ 路线” ，通常是迂回的，可以包括数条道路或街道，有时甚至包括小路、小巷。使用范围也较广。 如：登山运动员所攀登的路线， 实际上不是路；精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载其它方面，如公共汽车所行经的“ 路线” ，邮递员发送邮件的 “ 路线” 等That postman is in charge of this route. 那个邮递员负责这条
47、投递线路。This bus route covers a large number of streets.这路公共汽车行经许多街道。17、as well as as well and as well，同 too, also，其反义词为either，用于肯定句句尾，表 “ 也，又；同样；（既）又； （不仅 ）而且：He is a scientist, but he is a poet as well. 他是科学家，而且又是诗人。as well as 用于肯定句中，起连接作用，同not only but also，反义词为neithernor ，表“ 既又；不仅而且” ；也：He gave me
48、clothes as well as food.他既给我食物，又给我衣服。 （as well as重在强调其前面的人或事物）and 与二者的区别较大， and 虽也是连词，但表 “ 和，与，同时 ” ，表示并列或对称的关系，用来连接词、短语或句子：father and son父子；He and I are friends.他和我是朋友。18、talk speak tell tell“告诉，请传达某事给某人” （常有双宾语，人和话语，tell sb. sth.）如：Tell him to wait. 叫他等着。speak 着重 “ 讲话这一动作本身, 既可指系统的长篇讲话, 又可指简单的开口发音
49、, 但不一定有人在听所说的话”, 如:The baby is learning to speak. 那个婴儿在学说话。talk 侧重“ 与人交谈时的连贯说话 ”, 如: Im talking to a friend.我正与朋友谈话。此句意为：我可以和安说话吗？ speak to sb. 与说话（侧重动作）；talk to sb.与谈话（侧重双方交谈）19、go on to do 和 go on doing go on to do 指做完了一件事，再去做另一件事，而go on doing sth. 指一直在做同一件事，如：1、After he finished reading the text,
50、 he went on to do his homework. 2、From 6 to 9 this morning, Tom went on writing a short passage. 第一句：读完课文，又去做作业。 （两件事）第二句，从 6 点到 9 点，一直在写小短文。 （一直在干同一件事）20、比较级形容词或副词 + than 。例如： You are taller than I. 你比我高。 They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine. 你房间的那些灯比我房间里的亮。注意：1）要避免重复使用比较级。（错） H
51、e is more cleverer than his brother. （对） He is more clever than his brother. （对） He is clever than his brother. 2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。（错） China is larger than any country in Asia. （对） China is larger than any other countries in Asia. 3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，
52、共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 4）要注意定冠词在比较级中的使用。比较： Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two si
53、sters. 七比五多二。所以用 “ 多（more）” 。多了两个所以要在前面加“two”。21、have been ，have gone have / has been (to) 表示“ 曾经去过 ” 某地 have / has gone (to) 表示某人 “ 已经去了 ” 某地试比较： He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。（人已回来，可能在这儿） 、 He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去了北京。（人已走，不在这儿22、other another others the other other（两个中的）另一个，另一些，其他的。在句中作主语、宾语
54、、定语。相当于名词时，有复数形式others还有所有格形式others和 others other 之前常用定冠词 theI have two cats;one is black and the other is white. 我有两只猫，一黑，一白。This seat is free, the other seat is taken. These books are hers, and the other ones are mine. She always thinks of other people and never thinks of herself. I have two penci
55、ls; one is red; and the other is blue. There are only two books left. But I dont like this one. Will you please show me the other? Some are listening to the radio, others are watching TV . There are thirty students in our class. Twenty are girls. The other students are boys. Some of the pencils are
56、red. The others are green. (2)another 意思是与某一个不同的另一个，又一个。 是由不定冠词 an和 other 合并构成， 因此，它只能代替或修饰可数的单数名词，前面不再用冠词。例如：This book is too difficult for me. Will you please give me another one? I dont like this one. Show me another. He got three books; One is dictionary, another is a play, the third is a gramma
57、r. (3) others 和some对 比 使 用 时 , 是 “有 些 ”的 意 思 而 不 是 做 “其 他 ”讲, 如:Some cleaned the windows, others mopped the floor. 有的擦窗户 , 有的擦地板。Some of us like singing and dancing,others go in for sports. 我们中有些喜欢唱歌跳舞，而另一些人则喜爱运动。(4) the others 是“ 其余的” 意思, 表示在一个范围内的其他全部, 如: This dictionary is better than the others.
58、 这本字典比别 其余的好。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载He came in time, but the others were late. 他按时来了，可是其他的人迟到了。23、So do I .与 So I do 对别人的话作出反应，可以用So do I .也可以用 So I do . so 作为一个替代词可代表上文的一个分句或分句的一部分，以表示同意对方的说法，这样用时so 一般位于句首，但两个句子的意思却完全不同。So do I .表示 我也是这样 ，用以表示同意；而句型 so代词助动
59、词 表示确实如此 （带有惊异的意味）。试比较： I like fish .So do I . 我喜欢吃鱼。 我也喜欢吃鱼。 You like fish .So I do . 你喜欢吃鱼。 正是如此。 Its her turn .So it is . 该轮到她了。 确是这样。 He is very strict with himself .So he is . 他对自己非常严格。 是如此。 You have to start early .So I do . 你得早点出发。 确是这样。 Shes made a mistake about me .So she has . 她误会我了。 她的确误会
60、你了。 Li Ping speaks English very well .So he does . 李平英语讲得很好。 他确实讲得不错。 so 的这种用法只用于肯定句中。否定句中用neither 或 nor，结构相似，意为 也不。例如： I wont have any more .Nor will I . （或Neither will I . ） 我不再要了 我也不要了。 neither 和 nor 都可以用在句子和简略答语的开头，表示also not（也不是）。两个词后面跟倒装语序（与疑问句相同） 。在这样的结构中， neither 的意思与nor并无真正的不同，在正式文体中nor 用得较
61、少。请看例句：I cant swim .Neither can I . 我不会游泳。 我也不会。 不能说 I also cant . 或 I cant too . Jack didnt like the play .Nor did we . 杰克不喜欢这出戏。 我们也不喜欢。 可以 用not either （ 用 正常语 序 ）替 代neither或nor . I cant swim .He cant either . 我不会游泳。 他也不会。 I dont like him and I dont like her either . 我不喜欢他，也不喜欢她。24、everyone, anybo
62、dy, somebody, all -Are_ there now? -Yes. everyone Banybody Csomebody Dall 1 all 都，指三者以上。all 的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载All goes well.一切进展得很好。All are here. 所有人都在者。all 通常不与可数名词单数连用，如：不说 all the book，而说 the whole book。但 all 可与表时间的可数名词单数连用，如al
63、l day，all night，all the year； 但习惯上不说all hour，all century。all 还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连用，如 all China，all the city，all my life，all the way 2 everybody, everyone表示每个人 ,everything 表示每一件事 ,东西. Everybody(Everyone) should try his best. Everything in the box is dangerous. 3 somebody, someone, anybody, anyone 均表示 某人,so
64、mething, anything都表示 某事物 .somebody, someone, something 一般用于肯定句 ;anybody, anyone, anything一般用于否定句和疑问句: Theres someone(somebody) in the room. There isnt anyone(anybody) in the room. He found something in the big hole. He didnt find anything in the big hole. Is there anything in the big hole? 4 somebod
65、y, someone, something 有时用在疑问句中 ,含有肯定的意思 . Is there someone in the room? ( 希望房间里有人 ) Would you like something to eat? ( 希望对方吃点东西 ) 5 anybody, anyone, anything用在肯定句中 ,表示任何人 ,任何东西 . Anyone likes beautiful things. 这道题目主要根据are表示主语是复数，所有人都在那吗？是的。25、may maybe 和 may be may 情态动词，用于肯定句，表示许可，目的以及可能性，也用于疑问句，表示请
66、求，询问，怀疑，犹豫等。在疑问句中，常用can , could , might来代替 may，其中 could 与 might 比 may 更有（更加）怀疑，犹豫，不确定。肯定句中， may表示许可时，更庄重，郑重一点。而 may be则是情态动词 may 与系动词 be 的组合，这也是 may 的一个用法， may后边接动词的时，要用原形，当然这也是情态动词的一般性质。maybe是副词， “ 也许，可能 ” ，“ 大概” ，用法很简单，常用于句子开头，有时后边紧接着加一逗号， 与后面的句子分开。 表示一种可能性？可能发生某事（可能是这样） ，或可能不发生某事（可能不是某种情况）。例句：1.
67、You may come in now . ( 许可) 2. I give her some money so that she may buy some books . （目的）3. May I go now ? （询问）4. He has been ill for 3 days . He may be fine now . 5. He has been ill for 3 days . Maybe , he is fine now . 6. Maybe he will come , maybe he wont . 7. ？Is it true ? ？ Maybe , I am not su
68、re . 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载26、some time some times sometime sometimes some time some times sometime sometimes 的区别。（1）some time表示“ 一段时间 ” 。例：She stayed here for some time . （2）sometime指“ 不确定的时间 ” 例：He will come back sometime next week . Our house was built
69、sometime around 1905. （3）sometimes“ 有时”“间或”“偶尔” 例：He sometimes writes to me . （4）times表“ 次数”“倍数”“时代、时期 ” ，很少用 some来修饰。27、get ready to do sth. 和 be ready to do sth. get ready to do sth. 和 be ready to do sth. 的意思是 准备做某事 。前者强调行为；后者强调状态。两者后面可接介词for，for 后面接名词。如：We are ready for the English test. We are g
70、ot ready for the dictation. 28 、good与 well 做好讲时， good为形容词修饰名词， well 通常是副词修饰动词、形容词和副词，只有 well 当(身体好;顺利)为形容词。例如；1. He was a good teacher. 2. She spoke well. 3. I am well again, thank you. 我的身体又好了 ,谢谢你。29、work hard 和 hard-working 请问老师 work hard 和 hard-working 的区别？谢谢您！work hard 是动词短语He works hard. hard-
71、working 相当于形容词，用来修饰名词，例如：Chinese people is a hard-working people. 30、little, a little, few, a few few、a few、little、a little 的区别和联系：few / a few 用来修饰可数名词， few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few 表示有肯定意思，有几个。例如：He has few friends here, he feels lonely.他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。little / a
72、 little 用来修饰不可数名词， little 表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。例如：There is little ink in my bottle, can you gire me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？31、question和 problem problem 与 question 都作 问题 解,但 problem 的问题 ,亦即 难题需要著于解决;question 的问题则需要回答 ;problem 通常与动词pose, present(作 构成 解),solve, tackle, settle
73、(作解决解)等连用 ;question常与动词 answer, ask, raise等精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载连用。例如：Whats the problem? 到底是什么问题。 (或你们在争论什么 ?) Whats the question? 你问的是什么问题 ? 初中英语非谓语动词练习题一根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Is it necessary _(learn) a foreign language? 2. He is good at _(swim). 3. Do yo
74、u have anything _(say) for yourself? 4. Its spring now. its time _(plant) trees.5. Don t keep me _(wait) for a long time.6. The policeman told the boys not _(play) in the street. 7. Her son is too young _(dress) himself. 8. Lets _(have) a rest, shall we?9. The speaker spoke too quickly for us _(unde
75、rstand). 10. The little boy is not old enough_(read). 11. I asked him _(show) me his new pen. 12. Knives are used for _(cut) things. 13. I really dont know what _(do) next.14. I often hear people _(say) “_(see) is_(believe)”.15. You d better _(try) this medicine. 16. They said they had nothing _(wor
76、ry) about. 17. Can you finish _(read) the book in three days? 18. The doctor was busy _(operate) on the boy at that time. 19. _(tell) you the truth, I dislike making friends with him. 20. Stop _(talk) and listen to me carefully. 21. Thank you very much for _(help) us. 22. Granny is very ill and she
77、doesnt feel like _(eat) anything.23. Would you like _(climb) the mountain with me? 24. The girl enjoys _(listen) to light music. 25.We couldn t help _(laugh) after we heard the funny story.26. What about _(go) out for a walk? II选择填空。Would you please _ the door for me? a. holding b. not to hold c. ho
78、ld d. held Seeing an old man getting off the train, she hurried over _ things for him. a carrying b. to carry c. carried d. for carrying We d really like you _ to the party tonight.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载come b. to come c. will come d. should come We can do
79、 nothing but _ the experiment. to repeat b. repeat c. repeating d. repeated Have you got any thing _ about this matter? saying b. to say c. said d. say He was not _ try it again. a. such a fool as to b. so a fool as to c. a fool such as to d. a fool so as to He was too excited _. a. to go to sleepin
80、g b. to slept c. to go to sleep d. going to sleep We cant have him _ like that all day.to work b. working c. to be worked d. work 9.She were often heard _ this song when she was happy. a. sang b. singing c. sung d. to be singing 10.The train was seen _ at a very high speed toward the industrial cent
81、er. travel b. travels c. traveled d. traveling 11.We ll soon have a person _ with us.a. to work b. working c. worked d. works 12._ has not been decided yet. To start when b. Why to start c. When to start d. Start to where 13. Do you think it difficult _? a. for me to do so b. for my to do so c. for
82、I to do so d. for me doing so 14. She keeps telling us _. a. what to do b. doing what c. what is doing d. do what 15. _ is not known. a. Whom to begin the running test b. When to begin the running test c. When the running test begin d. How begin to the running test 16. _ the job alone is impossible.
83、 To him to do b. For him doing c. For him to do d. For he to do 17. _ it should be made clear. a What to do b. Why to do c. Whom to do d. When can do 18.Our house needs _ before the rainy season arrives. a. to repair b. to be repair c. repaired d. repairing 19.I havent decided which hotel _.a. to st
84、ay b. is to stay at c. to stay at d. is for staying 20.I was almost asleep when I heard someone _ at the door. a. knock b. to knock c. knocked d. being knocked 21.I often spent much money _ books. a. to buy b. buying c. on buying d. for buying 22.If you practice _ English whenever you can, you will
85、soon speak well. a. talking b. going speak c. speaking d. to speak 23.We are tired of _ the same problem all the time. a. discussing b. to discuss c. discussing for d. discuss 24.She usually forgets _ the door, but she remembered _ it yesterday. to shutto shut b. shuttingshutting 精选学习资料 - - - - - -
86、- - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载c. to shutshutting d. shuttingto shut25.I _ a bus to school when it was raining. am used to take b. used to taking c. use to take d. was used to taking 26. Im thirsty. Will you get me something _? A. drink B. to drink C. eat D. eating 27. It was great f
87、un _ a picnic on the hill. A. to have B. of having C. have D. had 28. Lily, keep the window _. The sandstorm hasnt stopped yet. A. close B. closed C. open D. opened 29. A policeman saw two thieves _ a girls mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once. A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen
88、30. Its bad for your eyes _ computer games for a long time. A. plays B. to play C. play D. played 31. They were made _ fourteen hours a day. A. work B. working C. worked D. to work 32. Is it always easier _ friends than to keep them? A. making B. make C. to make D. made 33. He stood there for two ho
89、urs _ the game. A. watched B. watching C. is watching D. was watching 34. It _ Jack twenty minutes _ the math problem yesterday. A. took; to work out B. takes; worked out C. has taken; work out D. is taking; working out 35. When you leave, dont forget _ off the light.A. to turn B. turning C. turn D.
90、 turned 36. Who do you think youd like _?A. to make friends B. make friends C. to make friends with D. make friends with 37. Although Jeff loves KFC, he tries _ it too often. A. to eat B. not eat C. to not eat D. not to eat 38. -Hi, Betty. Shall we go swimming this Sunday? -This Sunday? I am sorry,
91、I have a lot of homework _ this Sunday. A. to do B. done C. do D. to be done 39. Sally had no pen _ yesterday morning. A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with 40. -Excuse me, sir. Look at the sign on the wall “NO _”. -Oh, I m sorry. Ill never do it again.A. PARKED B. SMOKE C. SPITTIN
92、G D. SMOKED 41. -Boys and girls, will you please _ the park this afternoon? -OK. A. not cleaning out B. not to clean out C. to clean up D. clean up 42. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from _ the earth away. A. blow B. blowing C. blew D. to blow 43. How about _? A. to go out for a walk B. go
93、swimming in the river C. visiting the sick children in the hospital D. to having lunch in the restaurant 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 19 页，共 20 页学习必备欢迎下载44. Its very kind _ you to _ me _ the heavy bag.A. for; tell; to take B. of; thank; for C. to; speak; to have D. of; help; carry
94、45. Have you decided _? A. to go with whom B. whom to go with C. whom go with D. with whom to go 46. Her hope _ a gold medal in the 2008 Olympic Games. A. to win B. is to win C. winning D. will win 47. The meeting room is big enough _ one hundred people. A. holding B. hold C. to hold D. holds 48. Wo
95、uld you please pass me the knife _? A. to cut the watermelon with B. to cut the watermelon C. cutting the watermelon D. cutting the watermelon with 49. It is better to teach a man to fish than _ him fish. A. giving B. to give C. gives D. gave 50. Jenny is interested in _ in her free time. A. listene
96、d to the radio B. reading magazines C. watch TV D. plays tennis 51. The policeman warned the young man_ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive 52. What do you think is the best way _the wild animals? A. protecting B. to protect C. protected D. protect 53.
97、 Id rather _ on the land _ in a factory.A. work; than work B. work; work C. to work; than to work D. to work; to work 54. They are looking forward to _ all over the world. A. travel B. traveled C. traveling D. be traveled 55. Would you mind _ because therere so many children _ here? A. smoke; play B
98、. smoking; playing C. not smoking; play D. not smoking; playing 56. _ English is much easier than speaking it. A. Read B. To read C. Reading D. Reads 57. When he was in the office, he preferred _ something _ nothing. A. to do; than do B. to do; rather than C. doing; rather than doing D. doing; to doing 58. Its too hot today. Why not _ your coat? A. taken off B. to take off C. take off D. taking off 59. I find _ him all about it. A. necessary to tell B. that necessary to C. necessary it to tell D. it necessary to tell 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 20 页，共 20 页
