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1、学习必备欢迎下载专题复习定语从句（一）一、定语：修饰, 限定名词1.He is an honest boy. 2. The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. 3.Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 4. What s your telephone number? 定语的位置1. This is a flower basket. 2. This is a basket full of flowers. 3. This is a bas
2、ket that I want to put flowers in. (单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。）二、定语从句概念: 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句. He is an English teacher who likes singing songs. 三、定语从句引导词1.定语从句中各个关系代词、关系副词的基本用法；1. 掌握关系词（关系代词和关系副词）的用法关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，它们在定语从句中充当三个作用：引导作用、 替代作用和成分作用。 关系代词和关系副词引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；关系代词在从句中代替它前面的
3、先行词，在从句中充当成分（主、宾、表、定）；关系副词在从句中总是作状语。指人： who（主、宾），whom（宾），that（主、宾、表） ，whose（定），as（主、宾、表）关系代词指物： that（主、宾、表） ，which（主、宾），whose（定），as （主、宾、表）关系副词when（时间状语）where（地点状语）why（原因状语）关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：The person_broke the window must pay for it. The boy_is wearing the
4、black jacket is very clever. 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：Do you know the young man _ we met at the gate？Mr Lee _ you want to see has come. 3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如：The girl _mother is ill is staying at home today. I know the boy_father is a professor. 4. which 指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：A dictionary is a book_gi
5、ves the meaning of words. Here is the book_the teacher mentioned. 5. that 多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：I ve read the newspaper _carries the important news. Who is the person_is reading the newspaper over there? 6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：I ll never forget the time _ we worked on the farm. He arrived in B
6、eijing on the day_ I left. I still remember the day _I first came to Beijing. I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing. ( 介词 which 可以代替when) 7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：This is the house _we lived last year. The factory _ his father works is in the east of the city. The factory_ _his father
7、works is in the west of the city. ( 介词 which 可以代替 where) 定语从句引导词精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载8、Why 引导的定语从句，why 做原因状语。I know the reason_ he came late. The reason_he was late was that he was ill. ( for which 可以代替why) 2.具体使用时还要注意下列问题：1. 只能使用that,不用 which 的情况：(1) 先行词是a
8、ll, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。 例如：All that he said is true. (2) 先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。 例如： He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：He was the second (person) that told me the secret. (4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。This is the best book
9、 (that) I have read this year. (5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：He talked about the people and the things he remembered. 2. 只能用 which，不用 that 的情况：(1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如：The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted. (2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导， 先行词是物时。 例如： The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.
10、 一、用适当的关系词填空：1. I still remember the night _I first came to the house. 2. Ill never forget the day_ we met each other last week. 3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _is the best season there. 4. I will never forget the days _I spent with your family. 5. Ill never forget the last day_ we spen
11、t together. 6. This is the school _I used to study.7. Do you still remember the place_ we visited last week? 8. Do you still remember the place_ we visited the painting exhibition? 9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_is famous for the West Lake? 10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, _lies the West Lake?
12、 11. Tom will go to Shanghai,_live his two brothers. 12. I live in Beijing,_is the capital of China. 13. There was a time _there were slaves in the USA. 14. It is the third time _you have made the same mistake. 15. It was in the street _I met John yesterday. 16. It was about 600 years ago_the first
13、clock with a face and an hour hand was made. 17. The moment _I saw you, I recognized( 认出 )you. 18. This is the very novel about_weve talked so much. 19. This is the way_he did it. 20. Who is the student _was late for school today? 21. Who _knows him wants to make friends with him? 22. What else was
14、there in my brother_you didnt like? 23. He lives in the room_window faces to the south. 24. He lives in the room, the window_faces to the south. 25. This is Mr. John for_son I brought a book yesterday. 26. This is Mr. John for_I bought a book yesterday. 27. This is the hour_the place is always full
15、of women and children. 28. And there is one point _Id like your advice. 29. Winter is the time of year_the days are short and nights are long. 30. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place_you may spend your weekend. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载定语从句（二）限制性
16、定语从句与非限制性定语从句的四点区别区别一：形式不同限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。例 1. Do you remember the girl who taught us English? 你还记得教我们英语的那个女孩吗? 例 2. Clock is a kind of instrument which can tell people time. 钟是一种能够告诉人们时间的仪器。例 3. This is the place where he used to live. 这就是他过去居住的地方。例 4
17、. Mr. Zhang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of mine. 张先生昨天来看我,他是我的一位朋友。例 5. We walked down the village street, where they were having market day.我们沿着村里的大街向前走去 ,村民们正在那里赶集。析:在前三个例句中,定语从句与先行词关系密切,为限制性定语从句,不可用逗号将其与主句隔开。 在后两个例句中,定语从句与先行词关系不密切,为非限制性定语从句,可用逗号将其与主句隔开。区别二：翻译不同在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定
18、语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。如：He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。I ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义) His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。从而导
19、致含义不同比较下面的两个句子：I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个) I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐) 区别五：先行词不同限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词，非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子；Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意，这使我很
20、生气。Mr. Smith, who is our boss, will leave for Japan next week. 我们的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。Her father, who has a lot of money, wishes her to study abroad. 她父亲很有钱， 希望她出国学习。A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much. 一个中年女子杀害了自己的丈夫,这令我十分恐惧。A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign lang
21、uages, which surprises all the people present. 一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语,这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。区别六：关系词不同指人： who（主、宾），whom（宾），that（主、宾、表） ，whose（定），as（主、宾、表）关系代词指物：that （主、宾、表） ，which（主、宾） （只能单词） ，whose （定），as （主、宾、表）关系副词when（时间状语）where（地点状语）why（原因状语）=for which 指人： who（主），whom（宾） ，whose（定） ，as（主、宾、表）关系代词限制定语从句非限制定语从句精选学
22、习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载指物： which（主、宾） （先行词可以是整个句子、短语、单词） ，whose （定），as （主、宾、表）关系副词when（时间状语）where（地点状语）for which 限制性定语从句关系词的使用上：A作宾语时可省略B可用 that C可用 who 代替 whom 非限制性定语从句关系词的使用上：A 不可省略B 不用 that 或 why 用 for which 代替C 不可用 who 代替 whom 非限定性定语从句引导词1.who 指人，做主语。Yesterd
23、ay I met Li Ping, who seemed to be very busy. 2.whom 指人 , 作宾语 . He had many friends, many of whom had been in the universities. 3.whose 指人或物 , 作定语 . The Chairman s daughter, whose name is Ann, gave Tom a smile. 4.which 指物 , 做主语 ,宾语 . His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on. The speech, whic
24、h he had written on the paper, seemed endless. 5.where 指地点 , 作状语 . Galileo lived in the city of Pisa, where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high. 6.when 指时间 ,作状语 . The meeting will be put off till next month, when we will have made all the preparations. 练习一： 1. I m taking some weight -loss p
25、ills, _ are quite popular here. 2. His daughter, _ is in Beijing now, is coming home next week. 3. My cousin, _ body is slim, still wants to lose some weight. 4. My pills are in the bathroom, _ I always keep them. 5. We ll put off the outing until next month, _ Amy feels better.6. My uncle, _ I told
26、 you about yesterday, is an engineer and is working in Beijing. 7. He passed the exam, _ surprised all of us. 8. Jim changed his mind, _ made me very angry. 9. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town, _ he grew up as a child. 10. You can find whatever you need at the shop
27、ping center, _ is always busy at the weekend. 11. Uncle Tom lives in a mountainous village, _ is two hours ride from here.12. I m leaving for Taiyuan on Sunday, _ happens to be my birthd ay. 13. It was raining heavily, _ kept me indoors the whold day. 14. Mike, _ hobby is travelling, has decided to
28、visit the Great Wall next month. 15. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ price was very reasonable. 16. Madam Curie, for _ life had been very hard early in her life, was the first person in the world to receive two Nobel Prizes. 17. She was educated at Beijing University, _ _she went on to
29、have her advanced study abroad. 18. The man, _ _you borrowed the cinema, has left for Shanghai. 19. I, _ am your best friend, will try my best to help you out. 20. I lost a book, _ title I can t remember now.21. Carol said the work would be done by October, _ I doubt very much. 22. Dorothy was alway
30、s speaking highly of her role in the play, _,of course , made the others unhappy. 23. Talks between the two countries are making progress, _is reported in the newspaper 24. A scientist has made another wonderful discovery about human genes,_I think is of great importance to science. 精选学习资料 - - - - -
31、 - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载25. We will be shown around the city, schools, museums, and some other places, _other visitors seldom go. as 引导的定语从句，限定性定语从句，as 在从句中作主语、宾语。常与the same as; such as ； so as ；as as I like the same book as you like. I want to have such a dictionary as he ha
32、s. I shall do it in the same way as you did. He is the same age as you ( are ). He will give you such information as will help you. I ve never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过象他讲的这样的故事。He is not such a fool as he looks. 他可不象他看上去的那样傻。This is the same dictionary as I lost last week. 这部词典跟我上星期丢失的一
33、样。在 the same 后也可用that 引导定语从句，但意义有所不同：that 引出的定语从句，指的是与先行词同一事物；而as引出的定语从句是与先行词相似的同类事物。I want to use the same tool that I used yesterday. I want to use the same tool as I used yesterday. She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding. 她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。She wore the same dress as her younger
34、sister wore. 她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的连衣裙。非限定性定语从句as 做主语 ,表语 ,宾语 ; 先行词可以是一个词,一个短语或 一个句子 . As we all know, he studies very hard. This machine， as might be expected， has stopped operating位置可放在主句前,句中也可放在主句后. This machine has stopped operating，as might be expected. This machine， as might be expected， has stopped op
35、eratingas might be expected, t his machine has stopped operating意思： “ 正如、正像 ” 的含义。This machine has stopped operating，as might be expected. This machine， as might be expected， has stopped operatingas might be expected, t his machine has stopped operatingThis machine， as might be expected， has stopped
36、 operating在很多情况下已经构成固定搭配. as everybody can see /as was usual / as can be seen / as I expected as is known to all,/ as may be imagined / as you know / as is expected as is reported / as is often said / as is announced as has been said before 如前所述as often happens 正像经常发生的那样as is well known 众所周知as will
37、be shown in Fig 3 将如图 3 所示as we all can see 正如我们大家看到的那样as 和 which 引导的非限制性定语从句区别as 和 which 引导非限制性定语从句时，其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。具体情况是：as 做主语 ,表语 ,宾语 ; 先行词可以是一个词,一个短语或 一个句子 . 位置可放在主句前,句中也可放在主句后. 意思： “ 正如、正像 ” 的含义。在很多情况下已经构成固定搭配. which 引导的非限制定从特点：做主语 ,表语 ,宾语 ; 先行词可以是一个词,一个短语或 一个句子 . 位置只可放在主句后. 意思： “ 这，这样 ” 的含义。
38、常与前面的主句有因果关系相同点： as 和 which 都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。如：He married her, as / which was natural. 他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。He is honest, as / which we can see. 他很诚实，这一点我们看得出来。不同点：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载As is known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是发展中国家。He is
39、 from the south, as we can know from his accent. 他是南方人，这一点我们从他的口音可以知道。John, as you know, is a famous writer. 正如你所知，约翰是个著名作家。Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which I dont believe. 张华已去过巴黎十多次了，这一点我不Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry. 汤姆老是迟到， 这使得老
40、师很恼These tables are made of metal, which made them very heavy. 这些桌子是金属的，这使得这些桌子很重。 (三) 以 the way 为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in which 或 that 引导，而且通常可以省略。如：The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising. 他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。 I dont like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her. 我不喜欢你冲她的样子。练习二： 1
41、.John, _ you know, is a famous writer. 2.I ve never heard such stories _he tells. 3.This is the same dictionary _I lost last week. 4. _you expected, he turned up on time. 5._is said above, he has conquered the difficulty. 6.He has succeeded in his career, _we all hope. 7.Her grandma died last week,
42、_ made her very sad. 8. The way _he answered the questions was surprising. 9.That was the way _ he did it. 定语从句（三）“ 介词 +关系代词 ” 引导的定语从句一、关系副词when, where, why = 介词 +which when=in/on/at +which, where=in/on/at +which, why=for+which 如：I won t forget the date when( on which) I was born.This is the room wh
43、ere (in which) I lived. I don t know the reason why (for which) he hasn t come today.Tom still remembers the days when (in which) they lived in Tianjin. 二、 whose+n 引导的定语从句可变为另外两种形式，即： the + n.+ of which/whom of which/whom + the + n. We are studying in a classroom _ face south. = We are studying in a
44、 classroom_face south. = We are studying in a classroom_ face south. 我们在一个窗户朝南开的教室里学习。Do you know that man_ are blue? = Do you know _ are blue? = Do you know _are blue? 你认识那个眼睛是蓝色的男人吗？对于这种定语从句形式的考查，一般都在定冠词the 上做文章，一定要注意选项中是否有the。三、介词 +关系代词which whom whose+n 1. There comes my friend, for whom I have
45、waiting for an hour. 2. Do you know the girl to whom our teacher was talking? = Do you know the girl (that/who/whom) our teacher was talking to? 3. The school (that/which) my brother once studied in is very famous. = The school in which my brother once studied is very famous. 4.My mother missed her
46、best friend with whom she worked in her youth. 5.The English play in which my students acted at the New Year s party was a great success.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载6.Do you recognize the boy about whose sister people talk? 四、 “ 介词 +关系代词 ” 前有 some， any， none， neit
47、her， both， all， most， each， few等代词或者数词时，可构成由“ 名词（代词、数词）+ of + wh ich / whom ” 来引导的定语从句。如： There are thirty students in our class in all, most of whom are from villages. 一、根据句子意思，在下列句子的第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个空白处填入关系代词whom 或 which。1. The person _ _ I spoke just now is the headmaster that I told you about. 2.
48、The pencil _ _ he was writing is mine. 3. Hillary, _ _ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much. 4. The two things _ _I was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English. 5. Her bag, _ _ she put all her books, has not been found. 6. The stories about the civil war, _ _ this is one e
49、xample, are well written. 二、 1. The ship, _ the Europeans sailed to the American continent, was called the Mayflower. 2. The family _ I stayed in Rome is coming to England soon. 3. He has written a book, the name_ I have completely forgotten. 4. It is a family of 8 children, all _ are studying music
50、. 5. Can you suggest a time _ it will be convenient to meet? 6. The town, _ they came, was in the north of the province. 7. Here are some blouses, none _ suits me. 8. The fur coat _ the lady was dressed was very expensive. 9. The emperor, _ the palace was built, was very cruel. 10. Little Peter had
51、a dream _ he was taken to the amusement park. 11. He spent a wonderful summer, _ he joined us in the camping trip. 12. The money, _ he bought the bike, was given by his grandfather. 13. The buses, most of_ were already full, left the school one after another. 14. Ann White, _ we received the invitat
52、ion, lives next door to us. 15. The story, _ the film is based, is a true one. 定语从句（四）定语从句基础练习一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：1. The fan is on the desk. You want it. 2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday. 3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away. 4. The students will
53、not pass the exam . They don t study hard.5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park. 6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday. 7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night. 8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning. 9. The boy is my brother. He was here a
54、 minute ago. 10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop. 12. That s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer. 14. I wa
55、nt to talk to the boys. Their homework haven t been handed in.15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class. 16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees. 17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields. 18. The soldier ran to the buildi
56、ng. On the top of it flew a flag. 19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple. 20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table. 二、 1. We are learning English, a language _ is used in many places in the world. 2. Most Americans love Chin
57、ese food, _ is cooked in a different way from western food. 3. This magazine belongs to the teacher _ teaches us history. 4. Anyone _ comes to China will surely visit the Great Wall near Beijing. 5. Anyone _ has a cold should have a good rest. 6. The house _ stands on the top of the hill was built l
58、ast month. 7. The medicine _ he bought is good for your health. 8. He is the only person _ saw the accident yesterday. 9. Tom is trying to read in the room _ the others are watching TV. 10. We won t forget the day _the hero was killed.11.The student _ the teachers are talking about has won the first
59、 prize in the English contest. 12. The newspaper _ you are reading is two days old. 13. Do you remember the time _ we got lost in the park? 14. I ll never forget the time _ we spent together in the army camp.15. They are building a hospital on the street _ we used to live. 16. The present _ he gave
60、her yesterday evening is still unopened. 17. Happiness is one of the things _ money cannot buy. 18. This is the hospital _ her mother works. 19. I ll never forget the day _ I joined the League.20. The house _ was pulled down last week is being rebuilt. 21. The man _ wife died last year has gone to J
61、apan. 22. Tell me the reason _ the American lady left. 23. Do you know the boy _ was praised at the meeting? 24. I know the girl _ the teacher praised yesterday. 25. Allen is the girl _ I think will succeed in the test. 26. Everything _ I know will be taught to the students. 27. This is the best fil
62、m _ I have ever seen. 28. The manager walked toward the gate _ the workers are waiting. 29. You can t go into this room _ they are having a meeting. 30. I still remember the days _ we studied together. 31. The picture _ has a house and flowers is the one I like best. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结
63、- - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页学习必备欢迎下载32. Don t make the same mistake _ you did last time.33. He failed in the exam, _ surprised us all . 34. He did all _ was necessary to be done. 35. Her parents wouldn t let him marry anyone _ family was poor. 36. Tom, _ parents are poor workers, always goes hungry. 三.
64、用“ 介词关系代词 ” 填空：1. Have you ever read the book _ _ there are many pictures? 2. The man _ _ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor. 3. The library _ _ we often borrow books is very large. 4. The gentleman _ _ you just spoke is our headmaster. 5. This is the new bicycle _ _ I spent five hundred dollars. 6
65、. Here are the table tennis players, some _ _ are our old friends. 7. The tool _ _ he is working is called a spade. 8. China has hundreds of islands, the largest _ _ is Taiwan. 9. The school has 2600 students, two thirds _ _ are girls. 10. Water is a liquid, the freezing point _ _ is 0 C.11. Give me
66、 a piece of paper _ _ I can write the phone number. 12. The boy built a telescope _ _ he could study the skies. 四、中译英1、这个班上有30 位学生，大多数来自城市。2、他是当时唯一在场的人。3、凡是你知道的关于本书作者的情况请都告诉我。4、他已不再是5 年前那个头脑简单的他了。5、他们租了两条船，乘船来到了那条河的源头。6、我从报上得知，更多的美国部队正在被派往中东。7、众所周知，成功来自于勤奋，不努力则一事无成。8、那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美景。9、我发现很难与那
67、些一贯固执己见的人合作。五、高考连接1.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach _ we watched some people play volleyball 2. Nick s guests, _ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. 3. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _
68、 made her feel like a star. 4.Behind him were other people to _ he was trying to talk, but after some minutes _ walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed. 5. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder _32_ had been his teacher. 6.Jane paused in front of a counter
69、 _35_ some attractive ties were on display. 7.While she was getting me _34_ （settle） into a tiny but clean room， the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _35_ small town some 20 kilometres away_36_there was a garage. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页
