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1、六级作文写作Stillwatersrundeep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深Wherethereislife,thereishope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望每一部分完成的时间?每一部分完成的时间?作文作文 30分钟分钟快速阅读快速阅读 15分钟分钟听力听力 35分钟分钟阅读理解(阅读理解(15选选10+2篇阅读篇阅读 25分分钟钟完型填空完型填空 15分钟分钟翻译翻译 5分钟分钟大学英语六级考试作文写作大学英语六级考试作文写作1. 写作的内容写作(Writing)部分考查考生用英语进行书面表达的能力,所占分值比例为15%。写作部分根据考生所熟悉的题材出题。考生根据规定的题目和所
2、提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等,写出一篇不少于150词的短文。考试时间为30分钟。2. 写作的要求写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作,思想表达准确,意义连贯,无重大语法错误。写作部分考查的技能包括:1) 思想表达表达中心思想表达重要或特定信息表达观点、态度等2) 篇章组织围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述,突出重点连贯地组句成段,组段成篇3) 语言运用运用恰当的词汇运用正确的语法运用合适的句子结构使用正确的标点符号运用衔接手段表达句间关系(如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等)4) 写作格式 运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式 大学英语六级考试写作部分要求考生达到大学英语课程教学要求(试行)(以下简
3、称教学要求)中的较高要求,即“能就一般性的主题基本表达个人观点,能写所学专业论文的英文摘要,能撰写所学专业的英语小论文。能描述各种图表,能在半小时内写出150180词的短文,内容完整,条例清楚,文理通顺。”六级考试写作部分评分原则六级考试写作部分评分原则 六级写作采用总体评分(Global Scoring)的方法,即阅卷老师就总的印象给分,而不是按语言点的错误数量扣分。阅卷老师主要从内容和语言两个方面对考生作文进行综合评判,考虑作文是否切题,是否充分表达思想,语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍等。一般而言,阅卷老师在看到作文10秒钟之内就会根据第一印象得出打分档次,然后在余下的时间里确定 整篇作
4、文的分数,该分数通常会在印象分基础上上下浮动10%左右。为了给阅卷老师留下良好的第一印象,写好第一段是关键。此外还有注意各段落的衔接和结构安排的合理性 下面以满分为15分的作文为例,具体分析一下写作部分的评分标准。15分作文的阅卷标准共分五档,即:2分、5分、8分、11分和14分。 另外,作文字数没有达到题目要求的将酌情扣分。六级要求至少要写150词,词数不足的扣分 作文守则作文守则1.好的开始是成功的一半好的开始是成功的一半2.清晰整洁至关重要清晰整洁至关重要3.词数限制心中有数词数限制心中有数4.细心检查避免犯错细心检查避免犯错(近四年作文变化趋势近四年作文变化趋势)作文主题来源作文主题来
5、源字数要求字数要求历年作文题汇总(历年作文题汇总(最新到最旧)最新到最旧)1.DueattentionshouldbegiventothestudyofChinese(忽视中文现象忽视中文现象)语言文化类语言文化类 120字字2.Shouldparentssendtheirkidstoartclasses?(家长送孩子参加各种艺术班)(家长送孩子参加各种艺术班) 社会现象类社会现象类150字字3.OntheimportanceofaName.(名字的重要性名字的重要性)杂项杂项4.Howtoimprovestudentsmentalhealth?(大学大学生心理健康生心理健康) 社会现象类社会
6、现象类150字字5.WillE-booksreplacetraditionalbooks?(电子图电子图书书)科技类科技类150字字6.Digitalage(数字时代数字时代)科技类科技类 150字字7.Shouldoneexpectarewardwhendoingagooddeed?(做好事图不图回报做好事图不图回报)社会现象类社会现象类 150字字8.Theimportanceofreadingclassics(阅读经典书阅读经典书籍籍)文化类文化类150热点话题:热点话题:社会现象社会现象科技类问题科技类问题新的热点新的热点辛亥革命?辛亥革命?食物安全食物安全语言表达是否正确无误?语言表
7、达是否正确无误?Chinglish生搬硬造的专有名词生搬硬造的专有名词书写是否让人看了就不想看?书写是否让人看了就不想看?是否用了考官看着就头大,被人用过是否用了考官看着就头大,被人用过N遍的词?遍的词?是否有让考官逼视你英文的小错误?是否有让考官逼视你英文的小错误?Longtimenosee狂犬病,(狂犬病,( akindofdiseasewhichcausebydogbite,nothumanbite? ) Rabies.Putonghua(普通话?普通话?)Mandarin主流主流(upclassic?)mainstream辛亥革命辛亥革命 (xinghairevolution?)the
8、Revolutionof1911 用汉语拼音凑数的英文翻译用汉语拼音凑数的英文翻译SunzistrategiesChunqiuChuci孙子兵法孙子兵法StrategyofwarbySunTzu春秋春秋TheSpringandAutumnAnnals楚辞楚辞 ThesongsofChu孙中山孙中山 不翻译成不翻译成 SunZhongshan而是而是Dr.SunYat-sen “Dr.SunYat-sen”为为“孙逸仙博士孙逸仙博士”的英文写法。的英文写法。在西方,先生以在西方,先生以“Dr.SunYat-sen”之之名闻于世。名闻于世。 词汇量不足词汇量不足 影响写作的最大问题影响写作的最大问
9、题对词汇的选择是否恰当(对词汇的选择是否恰当(appropriate)?)?是否用了是否用了Clich.使用词汇是否准确使用词汇是否准确(accuracy)?Howtoimprovethen?积累积累大量表达法!大量表达法!可以取代可以取代 “ “think”的词的词有哪些?有哪些?believe,suppose,guess,claim,maintain,argue,insist,holdtheopinion/beliefthat,infavorof,support.Important的同义词?Vital adj 重要的Crucial adj 重要的significant adj 有意义的ca
10、pital adj 首都的,重要的,主要的significance n 重要;意义(sign+ific带有+ance带有信号有意义)Importance n 重要词组:attach great importance to . the significance of .is crystal clear.同义词的使用:同义词的使用:解决:解决:solve,resolve,dealwith,copewith,handle,tackle消除:消除:getridof,eradicate,eliminate依赖:依赖:relyon,dependon,counton十分:十分:verymuch,immens
11、ely,hugely,largely,greatly,enormously,tremendously损害:损害:damage,hurt,injure,harm,impair给予:给予:give,offer,render,impart,provide发展:发展:develop,cultivate,foster优势:优势:advantage,merit,virtue,benefit,upside,strength缺陷:缺陷:disadvantage,defect,demerit,drawback,downside,weakness重视重视 attachgreatimportanceto把时间和精力
12、放在把时间和精力放在上上 focustimeandenergyon有直接有直接/间接关系间接关系 bedirectly/indirectlyrelatedto提出折中提议提出折中提议 setforthacompromiseproposal缓解压力缓解压力/减轻负担减轻负担 relievestress/burden优先考虑优先考虑/发展发展give(top)prioritytosth.与与比较比较 comparedwith/incomparisonwith.相反相反 incontrast/onthecontrary.代替代替 replace/substitute/taketheplaceof.经
13、不起推敲经不起推敲 cannotbearcloseranalysis/cannotholdwater也不例外也不例外 benoexception从另一个角度从另一个角度 fromanotherperspective.导致,引起导致,引起 leadto/giveriseto/contributeto/resultin.对对产生有利产生有利/不利的影响不利的影响 exertpositive/negativeeffectson.利远远大于弊利远远大于弊 theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.对对有益有益 bebeneficial/conduciveto热烈
14、的讨论热烈的讨论/争论争论 aheateddiscussion/debate有争议性的问题有争议性的问题 acontroversialissue人们普遍认为人们普遍认为 Itiscommonlybelieved/recognizedthat完全不同的观点完全不同的观点 atotallydifferentargument双方的论点双方的论点 argumentonbothsides不可否认不可否认 Itisundeniablethat/Thereisnodenyingthat毫无疑问毫无疑问 Undoubtedly,/Thereisnodoubtthat无可非议无可非议 blameless/bey
15、ondreproach.不可推卸的义务不可推卸的义务 unshakableduty对对必不可少必不可少 beindispensableto.就就达到绝对的一致达到绝对的一致 reachanabsoluteconsensuson有充分的理由支持有充分的理由支持 besupportedbysoundreasons对对有害有害 doharmto/beharmfulto/bedetrimentalto采取有效措施来采取有效措施来takeeffectivemeasurestodosth.对对观点因人而异观点因人而异 Viewsonvaryfrompersontoperson.对这一问题持有不同态度对这一
16、问题持有不同态度 holddifferentattitudestowardsthisissue支持前支持前/后种观点的人后种观点的人 people/thoseinfavoroftheformer/latteropinion有有/提供如下理由提供如下理由/证据证据 have/providethefollowingreasons/evidence必然趋势必然趋势 anirresistibletrendof有其自身的优缺点有其自身的优缺点 hasitsmeritsanddemerits/advantagesanddisadvantagesHow to write?Organization 作文组织架
17、构两种写法:两种写法:一边倒一边倒作者明确表明赞同一方观点并作者明确表明赞同一方观点并进行论证支持进行论证支持两方面两方面作者对题目观点从两方面进行作者对题目观点从两方面进行阐述。阐述。面对作文题思考的五个问题写提纲写提纲(outline)怎样写引言怎样写引言主体部分分几段主体部分分几段每段的主题句是什么每段的主题句是什么结尾主要内容是什么结尾主要内容是什么如何写提纲?例:作文题例:作文题Foodcanbeproducedcheaperifweuseimprovedfertilizers(农药)(农药) andbettermachinery.Howeversomemethodsmaybedan
18、gerousforhumanhealth,andmayhavenegativeeffectsforlocalcommunities.Whatisyouropinion?中文自写提纲:中文自写提纲:观点一:化肥观点一:化肥+农机农机=食品食品 制造成本降低制造成本降低观点二:化肥观点二:化肥+农机农机=损害健康,危害社区损害健康,危害社区我的观点:支持观点二我的观点:支持观点二 建议建议 A,管制化肥,管制化肥 B,寻找新化肥,寻找新化肥 C,改进农机,改进农机怎样写引言作文如果提供一些背景资料和相关作文如果提供一些背景资料和相关信息,引文可以针对背景资料中的关信息,引文可以针对背景资料中的关键
19、词,键词,阐明观点,阐明观点,不可以过于笼统,不可以过于笼统,又不能过于具体。又不能过于具体。引文的引文的最后一句话最后一句话应该对下文的内应该对下文的内容和结构有所容和结构有所暗示暗示。作文例题作文例题Atpresentitishardforcollegegraduatestofindjob,Manypeopleclaimthatcollegeteachersshouldgiveprioritytopracticalcourseslikecomputerscienceandbusinessoversuchtraditiononesashistoryandgeography.Whatdoyou
20、think?Thesedaysthereisagrowingtendencyforcollegestudentstohavedifficultiesinfindingjobswhentheygraduate.Alargenumberofpeopleholdtheopinionthatlackofpracticalknowledge,amongotherthings,contributestothissituation.Inlightofthis,theycontendthatcollegeteachersshouldlaymorestressonpracticalcoursesthanontr
21、aditionalones.Formypart,Iaminfavoroftheirviewpoint.不同的首段写法不同的首段写法开头问了一个问题,结尾就必须开头问了一个问题,结尾就必须回回答答这个这个问题问题首段开门见山阐述了观点,结尾可首段开门见山阐述了观点,结尾可以以重申重申这个这个观点观点。前后呼应前后呼应在英语议论文的写作中是在英语议论文的写作中是很有必要的。很有必要的。主体部分分几段主体部分分几段?每段的主题句是什么?每段的主题句是什么?分论点分论点(mainideas)是否清楚是否清楚(clear)?在议论文的正文,一定要有在议论文的正文,一定要有2-3个理由段论个理由段论证证自
22、己的立场自己的立场这些这些分论点分论点就应该是就应该是本段论述的核心本段论述的核心和主和主题。题。有效的主题句即有效的主题句即分论点分论点+支持句支持句的理由段结的理由段结构能很好的解决跑题和论证不知所云的问构能很好的解决跑题和论证不知所云的问题。题。论证方法?论证方法?举例举例/解释解释/推理推理/比较比较根据不同的题目类型选根据不同的题目类型选择不同的论证方法择不同的论证方法例:作文题目例:作文题目Atpresentitishardforcollegegraduatestofindjobs,Manypeopleclaimthatcollegeteachersshouldgivepriori
23、tytopracticalcourseslikecomputerscienceandbusinessoversuchtraditiononesashistoryandgeography.Whatdoyouthink?Inthefirstplace,emphasisonpracticalcoursesisdemandedbyever-developingsociety.Associetyhasenteredtheinformationageandcommercializationissweepingacrosstheworld,computerandbusinesscoursesaregeare
24、dtothesocialdemand.(解释)(解释)Conversely,ifastudenthaslittleknowledgeofcomputersorbusiness,hewilllagbehindthetimes.(推理)(推理)Bycontrast,itseemsthattraditionalcoursesareoutofdate.Theyareeithertootheoreticalortooacademic,sothattheycantdirectlyappliedtothetasksofreallife.(比较)(比较)Inthesecondplace,practicalkn
25、owledgehasadirectbearingonfuturejobprospects.Thereisnodenyingthefactthatthestudentsbetterequippedwithpracticalknowledgearemorecompetitiveinjobhunting,(对比举(对比举例)例)whilethosemajoringinhistory,geographyandthelikehavefewjobopportunities.Itturnsoutthatmanyofthemhavetotakejobsbelowtheirabilities.Harshreal
26、ityconfirmsthattraditionalcourseshavelostmuchground.结尾主要内容是什么?结尾一定要给人结尾一定要给人完整完整的感觉,否则分数会的感觉,否则分数会大打折扣大打折扣总结总结全文,深化主题全文,深化主题不要简单机械的重复不要简单机械的重复引言中的话,引言中的话,照抄开照抄开头主题句头主题句。再次强调中心论点,突出重点,。再次强调中心论点,突出重点,对主题句进行对主题句进行转述,释义转述,释义作文例题作文例题Atpresentitishardforcollegegraduatestofindjob,Manypeopleclaimthatcollege
27、teachersshouldgiveprioritytopracticalcourseslikecomputerscienceandbusinessoversuchtraditiononesashistoryandgeography.Whatdoyouthink?Whenallthefactorsareexamined,wemaysafelycometotheconclusionthatthebalanceshouldbetippedtowardpracticalcoursesinschoolcurriculums.(再次给出自己的立场(再次给出自己的立场 ) Collegeeducation
28、,inmyopinion,shouldbecomemoreattunedtothedemandsofemployers.分论点间的联系分论点间的联系(link)是否紧密?是否紧密?分论点应该在审题思路拓展时一并考虑,分论点分论点应该在审题思路拓展时一并考虑,分论点是否重叠,是否能从是否重叠,是否能从多角度论证多角度论证自己立场,这些自己立场,这些都是考生拿分的关键。都是考生拿分的关键。学会从常见的几个角度来分析不同的问题。学会从常见的几个角度来分析不同的问题。经济角度,环保角度,健康角度,时间效率角度,经济角度,环保角度,健康角度,时间效率角度,情感等情感等广泛的阅读广泛的阅读才能开阔自己的视
29、野,写作的思路才才能开阔自己的视野,写作的思路才能打开。能打开。21世纪报,南方周末世纪报,南方周末如果是在没法那么广泛的阅读,可以如果是在没法那么广泛的阅读,可以阅读阅读专门为专门为考试编写的考试编写的思路拓展书思路拓展书。Grammar词汇词汇句型句型 段落的连贯性段落的连贯性 (coherence)段落的连贯性段落的连贯性着眼于句与句着眼于句与句之间的连接与组织,它包含之间的连接与组织,它包含句与句之间句与句之间外部结构外部结构及及过渡过渡词词 (transition)的通迅自然的通迅自然和和内部逻辑关系内部逻辑关系的清晰明确的清晰明确。 英语写作与汉语写作是完全不同的。不能英语写作与汉
30、语写作是完全不同的。不能将头脑中的汉语句子译成英语。将头脑中的汉语句子译成英语。 英语英语民族的民族的思维模式思维模式是是线性的线性的,因此往往,因此往往先一个主题句,然后沿着这一线索发展。先一个主题句,然后沿着这一线索发展。这一思维模式决定了每一句子都是为了辅这一思维模式决定了每一句子都是为了辅助说明中心思想而自然流畅地助说明中心思想而自然流畅地承接承接前面的前面的句子,就像一条流淌的意识流。句子,就像一条流淌的意识流。过渡语过渡语 (transition)可以是一个可以是一个词词、一个、一个短语短语、一种、一种语法手段语法手段或者是一种或者是一种表达方式表达方式,用来使句与句、段,用来使句
31、与句、段与段之间逻辑地连接起来使他们相互之间与段之间逻辑地连接起来使他们相互之间关系明确,推动文章向前发展或使文章意关系明确,推动文章向前发展或使文章意义转折,义转折, 使发展脉络清楚明白。使发展脉络清楚明白。解说性过渡语:解说性过渡语: now,thus,for,inthiscase;强调性过渡语:强调性过渡语: indeed,certainly,aboveall转折性过渡语:转折性过渡语: but,however,yet,unless,exceptfor;举例性过渡语:举例性过渡语: forexample,forinstance,thus;foronething,toillustrate,
32、asanillustration,acaseinpoint,namely,thatis,incidentally等等比较性过渡语:比较性过渡语: like,similarly,likewise,inthesameway;对照性过渡语:对照性过渡语: incontrast,ontheotherhand,instead,unlike;让步性过渡语:让步性过渡语: admittedly,nevertheless,ofcourse,although,afterall;总结性过渡语总结性过渡语:inconclusion,tosumup,allinall,finally表示强调的过渡词:表示强调的过渡词:
33、 naturally,obviously,clearly,ofcourse,infact,asamatteroffact,actually,inparticular,thatistosay,inthiscase,anyway,inanycase,onnoaccount,certainly,indeed,aboveall,firstofall,surely,nodoubt等等表示递进的过渡词:表示递进的过渡词: furthermore,moreover,besides,also,inaddition,too,likewise,whatsmore,notonlybutalso等。等。表示因果关系的
34、过渡词:表示因果关系的过渡词: therefore,asaresult,consequently,thus,hence,so,accordingly;becauseof,because,for,forthisreason,since,as,dueto,owingto,thanksto,onthisaccount,onthataccount,inthisway,otherwise等。等。理论和实践相结合理论和实践相结合 integratetheorywithpractice扩大知识面扩大知识面 expandonesscopeofknowledge身心两方面身心两方面 bothphysically
35、andmentally.社会发展的必然结果社会发展的必然结果 theinevitableresultofsocialdevelopment引起了广泛的公众关注引起了广泛的公众关注 arousewidepublicconcern/drawpublicattention发挥着日益重要的作用发挥着日益重要的作用 playanincreasinglyimportantrolein交流思想交流思想/情感情感/信息信息 exchangeideas/emotions/information.跟上跟上的最新发展的最新发展 keeppacewith/catchupwith/keepabreastwiththel
36、atestdevelopmentof.的健康发展的健康发展 thehealthydevelopmentof日益激烈的社会竞争日益激烈的社会竞争 theincreasinglyfiercesocialcompetition眼前利益眼前利益 immediateinterest/short-terminterest.长远利益长远利益.interestinthelongrun责任感责任感 /成就感成就感 senseofresponsibility/senseofachievement竞争与合作精神竞争与合作精神 senseofcompetitionandcooperation开阔眼界开阔眼界 wide
37、noneshorizon/broadenonesvision.学习知识和技能学习知识和技能 acquireknowledgeandskills经济经济/心理负担心理负担 financialburden/psychologicalburden考虑到诸多因素考虑到诸多因素 takemanyfactorsintoaccount/consideration环保环保(的的)environmentalprotection/environmentallyfriendly社会进步的体现社会进步的体现 asymbolofsocietyprogress科技的飞速更新科技的飞速更新 theever-accelera
38、tedupdatingofscienceandtechnology.提供就业机会提供就业机会 offerjobopportunities致力于致力于/投身于投身于 becommitted/devotedto方便快捷方便快捷 convenientandefficient.在人类生活的方方面面在人类生活的方方面面 inallaspectsofhumanlife满足需求满足需求 satisfy/meettheneedsof.可靠的信息源可靠的信息源 areliablesourceofinformation.社会进步的反映社会进步的反映 mirrorofsocialprogress增进相互了解增进相互
39、了解 enhance/promotemutualunderstanding充分利用充分利用 makefulluseof/takeadvantageof承受更大的工作压力承受更大的工作压力 sufferfromheavierworkpressure保障社会的稳定和繁荣保障社会的稳定和繁荣 guaranteethestabilityandprosperityofoursociety做出共同努力做出共同努力 makejointefforts为社会做贡献为社会做贡献 makecontributionstothesociety打下坚实的基础打下坚实的基础 layasolidfoundationfor.综
40、合素质综合素质 comprehensivequality.扬长避短扬长避短 Exploittothefullonesfavorableconditionsandavoidunfavorableones取其精髓,取其糟粕取其精髓,取其糟粕 Taketheessenceanddiscardthedregs.句型 (Variety)句子句子(sentence)和结构和结构(structure)的的选择上是否多样化(选择上是否多样化(varied)?)?语法(语法(grammar)是否准确)是否准确(accurate)?)?是否简单是否简单(simplesentence)和复杂句和复杂句(comple
41、xsentence)长短结合使用?长短结合使用?不同结构的英语句子有不同的不同结构的英语句子有不同的作用,考察标准强调的是能否根作用,考察标准强调的是能否根据表达的需要选用不同类型的句据表达的需要选用不同类型的句子。子。文章中表达不同语言功能的文章中表达不同语言功能的常常用高分句型用高分句型2.是否使用一些是否使用一些惯用法惯用法(idiomatic)和较和较不常见不常见(lesscommon)的表达?的表达?词汇方面要关注的不仅有数量还应该有词汇方面要关注的不仅有数量还应该有词汇的等级,考生在背单词时应多留意词汇的等级,考生在背单词时应多留意用较少见的用较少见的同义词替换同义词替换常见的一些
42、词;常见的一些词;3.是否是否避免重复避免重复(repeat)用词?)用词?同一个意思能否有多种不同的表达方式同一个意思能否有多种不同的表达方式?4.是否使用词汇的正确形式是否使用词汇的正确形式(correctform)?不同词类的变形,名词复数等不同词类的变形,名词复数等单词形式的正确变化也要注意。单词形式的正确变化也要注意。5.单词拼写(单词拼写(spelling)是否准)是否准确?确?作文检查作文检查1.是否使用了正确的是否使用了正确的语法结构语法结构,比方说,动词,比方说,动词时态一致、主谓一致、时态一致、主谓一致、用词准确、用词准确、词性词性(尤其是尤其是名词、动词、形容词名词、动词
43、、形容词)、名词单复数名词单复数、冠词错误、冠词错误和介词错误。和介词错误。2.句式是否有变化句式是否有变化 (如各种从句的使用、分如各种从句的使用、分词结构等词结构等 )3.使用了一定的使用了一定的词汇量词汇量 (如用同义词或词组如用同义词或词组来避免过多的重复来避免过多的重复)4.标点、拼写没有错误。标点、拼写没有错误。5.在每段的在每段的主题句主题句中都表明了这个段落中都表明了这个段落的中心思想,所有的中心思想,所有扩展句扩展句都紧扣主题。都紧扣主题。6.使用了使用了过渡性词语过渡性词语,因而句子之间和,因而句子之间和段落之间都有逻辑性和条理性。段落之间都有逻辑性和条理性。7.每一段话都
44、得到充分的展开。每一段话都得到充分的展开。8.提供了足够的细节、提供了足够的细节、例子例子或论据。或论据。9.明确的观点明确的观点。10.每一段话都每一段话都紧扣紧扣文章的文章的主题主题。近11年的六级考试作文题目:2009.12 Should parents send their kids to art classes?2009.6 On the Importance of a Name 2008.12 How to Improve Students Mental Health? 2008.6 Will E-books Replace Traditional Books?2007.6 Sho
45、uld One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? 2007.12 Digital Age 2006.12 The Importance of Reading Classics 2006.6 Traveling Abroad2005.12 A Letter Declining a Job Offer 2005.6 Say No to Pirated Products2004.12 Your Help Needed2004.6 A Letter to the Editor of a Newspaper 2003.12 Reduce Waste on C
46、ampus2003.6 Changes in the Ownership of Houses2002.12 It Pays to Be Honest 2002.6 Student Use of Computers 2002.1 A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus 2001.6 A Letter to a Schoolmate 2001.1 How to Succeed in a Job Interview?2000.6 Is a Test of Spoken English Neces
47、sary? 2000.1 How I Finance My College Education? 1999.6 Reading Selectively or Extensively? 根据上表我们把这些作文题目分为几类:1. 校园生活类2. 课余生活类 3. 热点话题类4. 工作求职类可以看出,校园生活类的题材占总数的50%。这些题材贴近考生的日常校园生活,是考生最为熟悉和了解、也最容易有感而发的话题。常考文体常考文体六级作文的体裁主要有议论文、应用文和说明文三类。其中,议论文出现的次数较多(尤其是在最近几年);应用文出现的次数次之;说明文出现的次数最少。1. 议论文议论文占总数的55%,所占
48、比重较大。议论文主要用于陈述各种理由,发表作者的看法、观点,因此往往观点鲜明,预期倾向明显。议论文写作要求考生不仅能够清楚、准确地表达出自己的观点,还要进行论证,做到有理有据。2. 应用文 教学要求明确提到考生应该能够进行日常应用文的写作,包括信函、简历等。应用文在近11年的考试中出现过5次,占总数的23%。 3. 说明文说明文在这22套六级考试真题中出现过4次,占总数的18% 。 说明文是阐述事物本质、特征、性能、结构用途或科学原理的一种文体。其说明对象可以是具体的,如自然环境、仪表设备等;也可以是抽象的,如概念、定律等。在说明文写作的过程中要注意把握一个中心主题,而且要有合理的次序,脉络清
49、晰。11.2.3命题形式命题形式主要有以下三类:提纲式、图表式和情景式三类。其中提纲式占绝对主流位置;图表式出现过3次,即2006年6月的Traveling Abroad、2003年6月的Changes in the Ownership of Houses和2002年6月的Student Use of Computers;情景式只出现过一次,即2002年1月的A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus。11.3六级写作技巧训练六级写作技巧训练1)议论文写作训练)议论文写作训练 议论文是四六级作
50、文的重点命题类型。它是指解释、议论、说理的文章,通过运用概念、判断、推理等抽象的逻辑形式来论证和阐明事物的道理。论说文是指传统的议论文和说明文的结合体。议论文和说明文的相似之处在于两者都是用来解释某个事实或某种思想,可以考查考生的思想内涵和思考能力。它们要求考生以理服人,用确凿的论据、合理的论证和说明来表达个人立场和观点。一般来说,说明文中并不总有议论,但是议论文中一定有说明。四、六级考试的作文往往不是单纯的议论文或说明文,而是两者的混合体,称为“论说文”。1.写作要领写作要领近年来,六级作文的命题注重考查考生的思辨能力,既要求考生推理论证,还要表达个人观点。比如Say No to Pirat
51、ed Products, Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed?等等,这些命题要求考生针对所提出问题进行论述。文章只有观点鲜明、论证充分、文理通顺,才能获得高分。六级的论说文,考查的不仅是考生的语言功底,更是考生的思想内涵及思考能力。因此,应试时,构思谋篇之后再提笔行文,议之头头有道,论之语出惊人,再加上顺畅、流利的语言表达,这才是六级作文高分突破的关键所在。简单说来,论说文的结构基本可以这样安排:第一段:第一段:说明现状;第二段:第二段:列举原因;第三段:第三段:归纳结论,提出建议,即“提出问题分析问题解决问题”的模式。论说文分为
52、四个类型,即对立观点型、道理论证型、问题解决型和解释说明型。a. 对立观点型对立观点型论说文,顾名思义是就某一事物或现象给出两种对立的观点,将两种观点进行比较,然后表明自己的立场和看法。这类作文的主线是:某一事物或现象其优缺点或有关的正反面观点“我”的态度或看法。其框架也相对固定,三段分别可以这样展开:第一段:第一段:引出有争议的两个观点;第二段:第二段:对两个观点分别进行详细的论述,可以分为两小段进行;第三段:第三段:总结、陈述自己的观点。例:例:Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? (2007年6月六级考试作文真题)Direc
53、tions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given in Chinese below:1. 有人做好事期望得到回报;2. 有人认为应该像雷锋那样做好事不图回报;3. 你的观点。模板模板第一段第一段:Nowadays, there is an increasin
54、g interest in _. (点明新热点) Therefore, there is a hot debate over _. (切入话题)第二段:第二段:Some people are in favor of the idea of _. (概述一方观点) They believe that _. (详述理由一) They also argue that _. (详述理由二)第三段:第三段:However, other people stand on a different ground. (概述另一方观点) They consider _. (详述理由一) Whats more, th
55、ey firmly point out that _. (详述理由二)第四段:第四段:There is some truth in both arguments. (双方各有道理) But I think the advantages of _ overweigh the disadvantages. (但是利大于弊)In my opinion, _. (总结自己的观点)【思路点拨思路点拨】这篇作文要求学生对做好事是否应该期望得到回报进行评论。文章首先开门见山地提出引起争议的两种观点。然后从现代社会的要求以及奖励好人好事对于提高整体社会风尚的作用方面进行阐述,如:great deeds des
56、erve recognition and should win public acclaim.第三段则应从反方立场进行陈述,即要具体论述“应该像雷锋那样做好事不图回报”的观点。考试可以从有些人以做好事为幌子来达到利己目的这个角度出发,通过举例来使观点更具说服力,如:For example, a few entrepreneurs donate to a charity with an aim to getting tax reduction instead of helping others from the bottom of heart.第四段可结合自己的理解来讨论这个问题,表明自己的观点
57、,如:In my opinion, although good deeds are supposed to come from spontaneous reaction in face of certain circumstances, doing something good in exchange for rewards is not an offense. 【范文范文】ShouldOneExpectaRewardWhenDoingaGoodDeed?Nowadays,thereisanincreasinginterestinexpectingarewardwhendoingagoodde
58、ed.Therefore,ahotdebatearisesoverwhetheroneshouldperformgooddeedsforareward.Somepeopleareinfavoroftheideathatgreatdeedsdeserverecognitionandshouldwinpublicacclaim.Theybelievethatitisextremelyimportanttorecognizeandpromoteallkindsofnobledeeds.Theyalsoarguethatrewardinggooddeedsisaneffectivewaytosetin
59、spiringexamplestothepublicandtoencouragemoregooddeeds.However,otherpeopleholdanoppositeviewpoint.Theyconsiderthat people who perform a real good deed shouldnt expect reward. Respect and acclaim shouldnt be given to people who do good deeds with potential motives. For example, a few entrepreneurs don
60、ate to a charity with an aim to getting tax reduction instead of helping others from the bottom of heart. Whatsmore,theyfirmlypointout that people should perform good deeds like Lei Feng without hoping for any economic or material reward.Thereissometruthinbotharguments. ButIthinktheadvantagesofexpec
61、ting a reward when doing a good deedoutweighthedisadvantages. Inmyopinion, although good deeds are supposed to come from spontaneous reaction in face of certain circumstances, doing something good in exchange for rewards is not an offense. It merits respect. I believe that a role model sometimes out
62、weighs a sole good deed. 【闪光词汇闪光词汇】deserve 应得in my opinion 依我之见acclaim 喝彩,称赞spontaneous 自发的extremely 极端地merit 值得,应得set examples to 为树立榜样outweigh 超过,胜过material 实质性的;物质的b. 道理论证型 道理论证型论说文是对某一事物或现象进行分析和论证。它与对立观点型论说文的最大区别在于前者通常是就某一个明确的观点进行分析和论证,而后者针对两个对立的观点进行对比论证,由作者在最后表明自己的立场。 道理论证型论说文一般按下列框架展开: 第一段:第一段
63、:开篇引出题目要求评论的观点,并给出不同看法; 第二段:第二段:详细阐述这些看法的立足理由及其优劣之处; 第三段:第三段:总结并给出自己的见解。 例例:ItPaystoBeHonest(2005年12月六级作文真题)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled It Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given in Chinese below: 1)
64、当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象; 2)诚实利人利己,做人应该诚实。模板模板第一段:第一段:It is true that _.(指出普遍的观点)However, _.(叙述不同的观点)第二段:第二段:I think _.(提出自己的观点,即文章的论点)The reasons can be listed as follows.(开始论证) Firstly, _.(论证理由一) Secondly, _. (论证理由二) For example, _.(举例) Thirdly, _.(论证理由三) A case in point is that _.(举例)第三段:第三段:It goes witho
65、ut saying that(不用说)_.(指出执行该观点时的注意事项)In conclusion, _(总结全文)范文点评:范文点评:ItPaystoBeHonestItistruemost of us value honesty highly. However,nowadays we often confront confidence crisis such as cheating, overcharging, fake commodities and so on.Ithinkthat we should be honest. Thereasoncanbelistedasfollows.
66、firstly,only honest people can be truly respected by others over a long period of time. Secondly,honesty, as a traditional virtue of Chinese people, can make our life easier and more harmonious. Forexample,if fewer students cheated in exams, exams would be made much simpler. Thirdly,honesty can make
67、 our society more stable. AcaseinpointisthatSingapore, a society featuring trust and integrity, has a comparatively low crime rate. Itgoeswithoutsayingthatbeing honest is of great benefit to both the community and individuals. Inconclusion,honesty should be encouraged in our society.语言亮点点评a)句中,value
68、 honesty highly: 非常重视诚实这一品质,value为亮点词。b)句中,confront confidence crisis such as cheating, overcharging, fake commodities and so on.:遭遇信任危机,例如作弊、宰客、假冒伪劣等不良现象。c)句中,harmonious:adj. 和谐的。和谐社会是harmonious society。d)句中,featuring trust and integrity: 以信任和诚实正直为特色的。e)句中,is of great benefit to both the community
69、and individuals: 对社会和个人都大有益处。be of benefit 相当于be beneficial,类似的词组还有:be of great importance,相当于be very important。 c. 问题解决型 问题解决型论说文立意在 “How”,以“方法”、“途径”、“怎么办”为文章的核心,主要遵循“提出问题分析原因提出解决办法”的模式。 最典型的问题解决型命题通常以 “How”开头,如:How to Succeed in a Job Interview?(2001年1月),How I Finance My College Education(2000年1月)
70、。此外,考生从给出提纲中出现的词“该怎么办”也可以推断其属于问题解决型。 问题解决型作文的一般框架是:第一段第一段:引言,对现状、形势或困难进行描述,提出问题;第二段第二段:途径与方法,列举做某事的途径或解决问题的各种方法;第三段:第三段:评价或选择,对第二段中提及的途径和方法进行简要评价,或选取其中一、两种自己认为合适的,阐述其依据。例:例:HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview? (2001年1月四级作文真题)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitl
71、ed How to Succeed in a Job Interview? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given in Chinese below:1) 面试在求职过程中的作用;2)取得面试成功的因素:仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是模板模板第一段第一段:_.(铺垫,提出问题) On the one hand, _.(理由一) On the other hand, _.(理由二)第二段:第二段:Therefore, how to _ is worth paying attention to.
72、(承上启下,提出要解决的问题) Firstly, _.(办法一) Secondly, _.(办法二) For example, _(举例说明办法二) Thirdly, _.(办法三)In this way, _.(预期结果)第三段:第三段:In brief, _.(总结全文)范文点评:范文点评:HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview? With the development of the job market, interviews play an important role in job-hunting. Ontheonehand,a job interview offe
73、rs both interviewees and interviewers a chance to know each other within quite a short time. Ontheotherhand,excellent performance in an interview will enable the interviewees to make a good impression upon the interviewer and finally get the job. Therefore,howto succeed in job interview is worth pay
74、ing attention to. firstly,interviewees should have some knowledge about the company and the position they apply for. Secondly,interviewees should have self-confidence. Forexample,being too modest is not welcome to most human resources professionals. Thirdly,interviewees should dress neatly and prope
75、rly. Inthisway, interviewees could show that they attach vital importance to the job. Inbrief,if the interviewee takes the advice and makes better preparations, he is more likely to be employed.(148 words)语言亮点点评a)句中,make a good impression upon the interviewer: 给面试官留下良好的印象。b)句中,being too modest is no
76、t welcome to most human resources professionals: 如果过度谦虚就得不到人力资源人士的青睐。 c)句中,dress neatly and properly: 穿着整洁、得体。d)句中,attach vital importance to the job: 非常重视这份工作。与pay attention to,think much of相比,这种说法更吸引人。e)句中,takes the advice: 听从这些建议。 例例2:HowtoImproveStudentsMentalHealth? (2008年12月六级考试作文真题)Directions
77、: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How to Improve Students Mental Health? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given in Chinese below:1大学生心理健康很重要;2为此,学校可以3我们自己应该【思路点拨思路点拨】这篇作文要求学生对“如何提高学生的心理健康”这一大学校园话题进行阐述和分析,在体裁上属于议论文。从提纲可以看出,文章在结构上按照总述分
78、述总述的步骤展开。第一段首先应提出问题,指出随着教育水平的不断提高,大学生心理健康问题越来越严重。如:With the improvement of educational standard, mental health plays as an obstacle in college life.第二段则要阐述学校应采取的措施,如提供关于心理健康的课程、建立心理咨询中心等。如:Who is responsible for keeping the students mentally healthy? Many would say its the duty of universities undou
79、btedly. In the first instance,In the second instance, 第三段则要说明学生自己应该如何做,并总结全文。如:However, theres an old sayingwho started the trouble should end it. No one else can solve our own problem better than ourselves. We should 【范文范文】 With the rapid improvement of our living condition, mental health plays as
80、an obstacle in our life. Ontheonehand,mental health was such a rare expression that few of us would even know about it.Ontheotherhand,in recent years, more and more people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of mental health, especially of college students.Therefore,howto improve stude
81、nts mental health is worth paying attention to. Who is responsible for keeping the students mentally healthy? Many would say its the duty of universities undoubtedly. Inthefirstinstance, universities should offer psychological courses and activities to enhance students awareness of mental health. In
82、thesecondinstance, psychological consultation centers should be established so that students with any psychological problems can get professional guidance easily and timely However, theres an old sayingwho started the trouble should end it. No one else can solve our own problem better than ourselves
83、. We should always take a positive attitude toward life and learn from our idols and good books. Inbrief, when encountering problems that cant be solved alone, talk with friends or turn to professional help. 【闪光词汇闪光词汇】more and more 越来越in the second instance 第二be aware of 意识到get professional guidance
84、 得到专业指导turn to 求助于enhance 提高d. 解释说明型 解释说明型论说文是对事物的发生、发展、结果、特征、状态、功能等进行介绍、阐述、解释的一种论说文类型。它的适用范围很广,无论是日常生活、工作学习或学术研究,人们都不可避免地要以各种方式来解释、说明、分析事物。在学校里,学生需用这类文章来回答问题,写报告、写作文,甚至写工作申请等;在工作中,人们需要用它来写企业介绍、产品说明。促销广告。市场分析等;在学生研究中,它可以用来解释理论基础,阐述研究过程,分析研究结果,提出实践意义等,所以写好解释说明型论说文是英语写作的一大要求。这类文章的写作重点是:表达必须清楚,内容易理解、易记
85、忆,条理清晰、层次清楚、逻辑关系明确。 模板模板第一段:Nowadays, there is a hot debate about _.(提出问题)第二段:A number of factors contribute to _.(概述,引出对问题的分析) On the one hand, _.(一方面) On the other hand, _.(另一方面)第三段:Clearly, there are both advantages and disadvantages as to the view of this matter.(概述不同观点) For one thing, _.(一方面) F
86、or another, _.(另一方面)In general, _.(得出结论)例:例:DigitalAge(2007年12月六级考试作文真题)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Digital Age. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:1. 如今数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用,例如2. 数字化产品的使用对工作、学习、
87、生活产生的影响。【思路点拨思路点拨】这篇作文要求考生对数字化时代进行评论。第一段开篇可以对现代社会中数字化产品广泛使用的现象进行评论,同时简单描述这一现象带来的变化,从而引出下文内容。如:These products are used in every corner of the world. Owing to these stuffs, great changes have taken place in our daily life.第二段则要具体阐述使用数字化产品所产生的积极影响,考生可以从工作、学习、生活三个方面进行具体阐述,比如可以从数字化产品能给人们的生活带来便利、提高人们的工作效率
88、以及数字化产品给学生的学习带来的便利性。第三段则要概述不同观点,指出学生可能对数字化产品产生依赖性而影响学习成绩。然后阐述自己的观点,表达对数字化时代的展望,说明顺应时代发展才能取得成功。如:In general,our future is digital. Its true to some extent that to achieve success in the 21st century, digital products are indispensable tools. 【范文范文】DigitalAgeNowadays,thereisahotdebateaboutthe usage of
89、 digital products, such as digital cameras, computers and digital televisions. These products are used in every corner of the world. Owing to these stuffs, great changes have taken place in our daily life.Anumberoffactorscontributetousage of digital products. Ontheonehand,digital products provide us
90、 with a much different life from before. For example, we can delete or correct the “unsuccessful” photos by the function of digital camera whenever we are not satisfied with them. Ontheotherhand,these digital products have greatly improved our working efficiency and also led to a generation isolated
91、 from the real life. Lastly, the development of digital products provides more convenience for the students study.Clearly,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesastotheviewofthismatter.Foronething,students enjoy more access to study materials. Foranother,there are some students who cannot withstand t
92、he temptation of computer games and abandon themselves to games. As a result, their study is affected badly. Ingeneral,our future is digital. Its true to some extent that to achieve success in the 21st century, digital products are indispensable tools. 【闪光词汇闪光词汇】every corner of the world 世界各地be sati
93、sfied with 对满意owing to 由于 lead to 导致 take place 发生isolate from 脱离provide sb. with sth. 向某人提供某物abandon oneself to 沉迷于by the function of 通过的功能to some extent 在某种程度上例:例:OnStudentsSelectingLecturers(2006年6月四级作文真题)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On
94、 Students Choosing Lecturers. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:1) 有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课老师;2) 学生选择老师时所考虑的主要因素是;3) 学生自选任课老师的益处及可能产生的问题。OnStudentsChoosingLecturersNowadays,thereisahotdebateaboutwhether students should be allowed to have optional choices
95、of their teachers. Anumberoffactorscontributetostudents decision on choosing teachers. Ontheonehand,teachers personalities play a significant role in this issue, which include a good sense of humor, being easy to communicate with and open-minded. Ontheotherhand,it is likely that opinions from other
96、students have an impact on the decision. Clearly,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesastotheviewofthismatter.Foronething,students enjoy more freedom than before. Foranother,some top teachers might be ignored if they are not able to meet students taste. Ingeneral,both students and teachers rights s
97、hould be respected. (126 words)语言亮点点评a)句中,play a significant role in this issue: 在这个问题上起着重要作用。a good sense of humor, being easy to communicate with and open-minded: 很有幽默感,容易沟通,思想开明。b)句中,have an impact on the decision: 影响到这个决定。have an impact on 相当于affect, influence, exert an influence on等。c)句中,meet s
98、tudents taste: 迎合学生的口味。类似的常用搭配还有:meet the requirements,表示“满足要求”。图表作文训练图表作文训练 图表是科技文献中常用的一种表达手段。四、六图表是科技文献中常用的一种表达手段。四、六级图表作文利用图形(级图表作文利用图形(figure)、表格()、表格(table)、曲线)、曲线图(图(graph)、柱状图()、柱状图(barchart)和饼状图()和饼状图(piechart)等作为写作提示,并以此为依据要求考生用简)等作为写作提示,并以此为依据要求考生用简洁生动的语言把图表中所给的信息完整而准确地表达出洁生动的语言把图表中所给的信息完整
99、而准确地表达出来。来。 这一类作文通常前半部分说明图表所表达的信息,这一类作文通常前半部分说明图表所表达的信息,后半部分进行议论,与说明和议论的文章息息相关。后半部分进行议论,与说明和议论的文章息息相关。 写作要领写作要领 图表作文出现的频率不高,在近十年的四、六级图表作文出现的频率不高,在近十年的四、六级考试中只出现过两次,即考试中只出现过两次,即2002年年6月的考题月的考题 StudentUseofComputers和和2006年年6月的考题月的考题Traveling Abroad。 。写这一类作文时,有以下几点需要注意:。写这一类作文时,有以下几点需要注意: 第一、审题时,除了要把握好
100、图表的表层信息外,还要分析该图表的深层含义,如原因、根源、可能的发展趋势等。图表中所提供的说明文字往往是问题的切入点,一定要仔细分析。 第二、描述数据时要注意抓住重点,为中心服务,不必面面俱到,切忌毫无目的的罗列图表中的数据。如果数据较多,建议考生抓住图表中的极端点(如最大或最小,最多或最少,最好或最差)和基本相同之处进行描述。 第三、主题句应明确,最好放在文章的开头,这样会使重点突出、主体明了。以2002年6月的考题为例,用 Students tend to use computers more and more nowadays 作为文章首句,开头即总结图表所反映的现象,而后描述得出这一现
101、象的数据。这与我们平常写作时先描述数据,再进行总结的方法正好相反。这种写法容易引起读者的注意,也有利于读者理清思路。 模板与解说模板与解说 不论图表以何种方式出现,图表作文还是要遵循一定的模式。最常见的模板如下: 第一段:第一段:描述现状。简要描述图表,概况图表所表现的社会问题,不要出现过有具体的数据。 第二段:第二段:分析原因。剖析图表所反映的深层次问题。用图表数据来论证第一段提出的主题,或者分析各个数据产生的原因。要注意文中的论点应该用图表中的数据来支持。 第三段:第三段:结论和启示。从图表所体现的现象获得结论和启示,或者对图表所表现的趋势加以预测。例 :Student Use of Co
102、mputers (2002年 6月)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below: 1.上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间: 1990年(2 hours)、1995年(4 hours)、2002年
103、(14 hours),请描述其变化; 2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明); 3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。 模板模板第一段:As is clearly shown in the chart, _. (图表总体描述,指明时间段)Especially, _. (指出突出的变化)第二段:There are three factors leading to the change. (分析原因)To begin with, _. (原因一)In addition, _.(原因二)For example, _. (举例说明)Last b
104、ut not least, _. (原因三)To sum up, _. (简要总结)第三段:As for me, _. (自己的观点)On the one hand, _. (一方面)On the other hand, _.(另一方面)In brief, _. (总结)StudentUseofComputers Asisclearlyshowninthechart, the number of hours students spent on computers increased from tow or four per week from 1990 to 1995. Especially,
105、the number rose to about 14 hours per week in 2002.Therearethreefactorsleadingtothechange.Tobeginwith, the price of computers is getting much lower than before so that many students can afford it. Inaddition,it is very convenient for us to study with the help of computers. Forexample, e-mail enable
106、us to keep in touch with our teachers and friends.Lastbutnotleast, with the fast development of the modern society, a computer has become a must for many people. Tosumup, low price, convenience and wide use contribute to the increase in the use of computers. Asforme,student use of computers is a dou
107、ble-edged sword. Ontheonehand, it is a good helper in searching for information, drawing pictures, etc.11 Ontheotherhand,various computer games might distract students from their studies. 12 Inbrief, computers can serve us well if they are used in the right way. (193 words) 语言亮点点评语言亮点点评a) 句中,afford:
108、 vt.支付得起,买得起。b) 句中,enable (sb. to do sth.): vt. 使能做,这个词用得很好c) 句中,a must:一种必需品。这个用法与something necessary 相比,更为贴切。d) 句中,contribute to:有助于,是的部分原因。e) 句 中,a double-edged sword:双刃剑,如:Entering WTO is a double-edged sword to China. 对中国来说,加入世界贸易组织是一把双刃剑。f) 句12中,serve (sb.) well: 很好地为服务,不要写成serve for sb.。 例 :T
109、raveling Abroad (2006年 6月)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Traveling Abroad. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below: Number of people in City X traveling abroad in 1995, 2000 and
110、 20051. 近十年来X市有越来越多的人选择出境旅游; 2. 出现这种现象的原因; 3. 这种现象可能产生的影响。 【思路点拨思路点拨】这篇作文要求考生对某市10年内出国旅游人数的变化图表进行描述和分析。在第一段中,考生只要依照图表准确地描述19952005年的人数变化即可。如:第二段考生可根据现实情况列举几条可能引起旅游人数变化的原因,如经济的快速发展、人们需要开拓视野、旅游业的发展等。如:第三段举例说明可能产生的影响,这里既可以写正面影响,也可以写负面影响,最后总结自己的观点。如范文就从正反两个方面表达了自己的观点: 【范文范文】TravelingAbroadAsisclearlysho
111、wninthechart, the number of people in City X who have traveled abroad has sharply increased over the past 10 years. In 1995, therere only about 10,000 people traveling abroad; while in 2000, the number increased to about 40,000, which climbed up to more than 120,000 in 2005. Especially,the figure ha
112、s been more than tripled from 2000 to 2005.Thereareseveralfactorsleadingtothechange. Tobeginwith, due to the fast economic development, people enjoy a sharp improvement in their living standards. They neednt to worry about their necessities any more and can afford to travel abroad. Inaddition, touri
113、sm in China has greatly developed over the past decade. Nowadays most travel agencies offer travel specials abroad. Lastbutnotleast, personal enhancement becomes more important to those who want to make greater success. Tosumup, traveling abroad is a good way to widen ones horizon and know other cul
114、tures.Asforme, traveling abroad is beneficial to our citizens. Ontheonehand, the ever-developing foreign traveling can give a huge boost to our tourism and promote the cultural exchange between China and other parts of the world. Ontheotherhand, there are some negative impacts. For instance, it may
115、trigger corruption among officials. In brief, traveling abroad should be encouraged to a large extent. 【闪光词汇闪光词汇】the number of 的数量widen ones horizon 拓宽视野travel abroad 境外旅游be beneficial to 有利于due to 由于have a negative impact on 对有消极影响over the past decade 过去十年常用句式常用句式本节根据图表作文的特点和难点,提供了一些常用句式,以供参考。a. 篇首
116、As is shown in the table/chart, the number of students enrolled dropped to 1,000 in 2005.如表(图)所示,2005年录取学生数量降至1,000人。As we can see from the chart/As is shown in the table/According to the table, the price of oil increased dramatically.如图(表)所示,油价猛涨。The figures in the chart reflect that/The statistics
117、 show that/The numbers in the graph reveal that peoples income has been increasing steadily.图中数据显示,人们的收入保持稳步增长。The graph suggests/shows/indicates/illustrates that there has been a sharp decline/rise in the population in this region.如图所示,该地区人口数量已经急剧下降(上升)。It is clear/apparent that the output of this
118、type of products is rising/dropping.很明显,这类产品的产量正在上升(下降)。表示数据增长表示数据增长The number ofhas grown steadily to 1,000 in 2005. went sharply up has risen from. shows a tendency to increase climbed soared tends to go up tends to increaseThere was a rapid (sharp, dramatic, gradual, slow) rise (increase) in the
119、number.The number of students is on the rise (increase).The increase ofin the city has reached to 20%.表示数据降低表示数据降低 The number of drops steadily from to in 2006. declines suddenly fell tends to go down tends to fall shows a tendency to decreaseThere was a sharp fall in the number of . in 2006. gradua
120、l decrease sudden reduction slow decline drop表示数据持平In 2006, the number ofremains the same( steady、 stable、 constant、level)There was little change in the number ofbetweenand. There was hardly any change.There was a slight fluctuation in the number of fromto. 表示比较级、倍数、比例关系be in direct ratio to/with 成正
121、比 inverse ratio to/with 成反比have the largest percentage (proportion) of 占最大比例The number of makes up (takes up, accounts for) fifty percent of the total 占总量的50%。Compared with , has a higher (lower) percentage.与相比,所占的百分比较大/较小。 is twice (three times) the amount in (as many/much as) 是的几倍,和一样多The situatio
122、n reached a peak at percent in 于达到最高值。c. 结论From the analyses above, we can draw/come to the conclusion that根据以上分析,我们可以得出结论From the data we gathered from the above graph, we can conclude that根据上图收集的数据,我们可以得出结论According to the information gathered above, we may reach the conclusion that根据以上收集的信息,我们可以得
123、出结论We can make a conclusion from the above that根据以上内容,我们可以得出结论Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Saving Money or Spending Tomorrows Money?. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:调查表明:北京、上海、成都、武汉等城市近67%的高校学生认为储蓄是一个好习惯,
124、然而时下也流行另外一种说法:“花明天的钱,做今天的事”;请对该调查结果进行论述。SavingMoneyorSpendingTomorrowsMoney?Moneyisnotalmighty,buttolivewithoutitinaneconomicsocietysoundsunrealistic.Arecentsurveymadebyanauthoritativeinformationcorporationshowsthatabout67%ofcollegestudentsinbigcitiesthinksavingmoneyisagoodhabit,whiletheothersinsist
125、thatitsbettertospendtomorrowsmoney.Itstruethatspendingtomorrowsmoney,advocatedbymanypeople,hasplayedapositivepartinoureconomiclife.Itcanstimulatepeopletoearnmoremoney.Andconsumptioncausedbythistrendwilldo much to push forward oureconomy. Its equally true that there are lots of merits for saving mone
126、y. Firstly, saving money may ensure a secure life. Secondly, our saving may help us out in urgent situations. In our daily life, everything may fall upon us. In these cases, we will have difficulty in overcoming these problems if we have no savings. In my mind, spending tomorrows money brings us not
127、hing but anxiety and engenders uncertainty about future life. Instead, saving for the rainy day, a fine tradition of Chinese nationality, would save us from many troubles and provide us a safe and satisfactory life. 【思路点拨】 本题属于提纲式命题,是典型的议论文题型。提纲要求首先提出话题:存钱还是花明天的钱?考生可以直接引用提纲所给的开头,然后明确提出自己的观点。接着要论证这一观
128、点,如范文第二、三段分别论述了两种做法的好处:花明天的钱可以刺激人们去赚取更多的钱,由此带动经济的发展;但是一旦哪天灾难降临或者遇到了困难马上需要钱,就需要有足够的存款,因此存钱会使我们的生活更安全、更有保障,这也符合中华民族的优良传统。最后概括得出还是存钱更可取。 【闪光词汇】do much to do为做了很多push forward推动help out帮助解决难题fall upon降临、发生have difficulty in doing sth.做某事有困难in my mind我以为,我认为nothing but只有saving for the rainy day为困难的日子攒钱,未雨
129、绸缪Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Rush for Postgraduate Study. You should write at least 150 words following the table and outline below:Year Number of Candidates (million)2003 0.72004 0.82005 0.92006 1.02007 1.31.描述表中所示变化;2.说明变化原因;3.你的观点。
130、 Rush for Postgraduate Study The above table shows that the number of candidates for postgraduate entrance examination has been increasing from 2003 to 2007. The number of students pursuing further education is so dramatic that some analysts describe it as a rush. In 2003, 0.7 million candidates app
131、lied for postgraduate study, while in 2007, only four years later, there were 1.3 million, an increase of almost 188%. As far as Im concerned, that certainly constitutes a rush. Why are so many college graduates choose to continue their studies? The answer lies in the present conditions of China. On
132、 the one hand, along with the further development of science and technology, many emergent industries have appeared in China, which objectively requires that graduates possess more advanced knowledge and skills. On the other hand, students are obliged to get more advanced degrees due to fierce compe
133、titiveness in the current job market.From my point of view, more students pursuing further education is a good thing, for it is conducive to the development of our country and students themselves. 【闪光词汇】the number of 的数量apply for申请 emergent industry新兴产业objectively客观上from my point of view在我看来be conductive to有利于【思路点拨】提纲第一点要求考生描述图表中的变化。考生可以简单描述考研人数的总体变化,没有必要分析每一年的具体变化。可以像范文第一段那样,仅描述从2003年到2007年考研人数的变化趋势。接着要阐述发生这种变化的原因,可以根据自己的认识列举几点原因,也可以就一个原因重点阐述,如范文第二段重点阐述了中国当前的形势是发生这种变化的原因。最后总结概括自己的观点。