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1、必修一至必修四语法知识复习Book 1 Unit 1-2 直接引语与间接引语直接引语到间接引语的转变注意间接引语中时态， 人称， 时间状语，地点状语以及其他部分要根据情况发生变化。1. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walked last week B. h e had walked that week C. I walked last week D. he has walked this week如果引语部分是客观事实或真理，则变
2、为间接引语， 定语从句中时态不需要发生变化。2. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east?” The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. if rise B. if rises C. whether rose D. whether did rise引语部分为一般疑问句，变为间接引语由连词whether 或 if 引导，后面用陈述句语序3. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house?” They asked u
3、s _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were we this 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 17 页B. th at we were that C. if were we this D. if we were that直接引语是特殊疑问句， 变成间接引语， 由相应的疑问词who ,whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。句式 asked+疑问词 +陈述句语序4. Jane said, “What did he hearabout a week
4、ago? ” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he heard a week ago B. what he had heard a week before C. what he had heard a week ago D. if he heard a week ago直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加 tell, ask, order 的宾语。句式.tell, ask, order sb to do / not to do Eg : The solider ordered:” Be quiet.”The solider or
5、dered us to be quiet. My teacher asked me :” Dont laugh .”My teacher asked me not to laugh. Book 1 Unit 3 现在进行时表示将来时表示最近按计划或安排打算要进行的动作，可以用现在进行时表示将精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 17 页来时。句子中一般有以下特点 : 1. 表示位置转移的动词go come leave start arrive stay等5. What are you going to do tonight?
6、I am going to attend the lecture, and then we _ to the bookstore. A. went B. go C. are going D. have gone 6. - Im going to the States. - How long _ you _ in the States? A. are; stayed B. are; staying C. have; stayed D. did; stay 2. 表示交通方式、行程安排的动词fly, walk, ride, drive, take (a bus, a taxi),take off
7、等7. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off 3. 也可用于其他动词8. I ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I _ my mum.A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第
8、3 页，共 17 页Book 1 Unit 4- Unit 5 Book 2 Unit 1 & Unit 5 定语从句定语从句用于修饰名词， 被修饰的名词成为先行词， 引导定语的从句需要借助关系词 / 引导词关系词的作用： 1 在定语从句中代替先行词；2 在定语从句中充当特定成分；3 连接主语与定语从句e.g The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. （who lives next to us 为定语从句，修饰先行词the man, 关系词 who 在定语从句中代替the man，在句中作主语。）关系代词关系副词That 人、物主语、宾语 （
9、省） When 时间状语Which 物主语、宾语 （省） Where 地点状语Who 人主语、宾语 （省） Why 原因状语Whom 人宾语（省）Whose 人、物与名词搭配， 做定语选择关系代词还是选择关系副词，要看定语从句缺少什么成分9. Where did you get to know her? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 17 页 It was on the farm _ we worked. A. that B. there C. which D. where 10. Where did you get
10、to know her? It was on the farm _ we visited last month. A. what B. there C. which D. where 11. I still remember the wonderful time _ I had together with them in Xinjiang. A. that B. when C. in which D. on which 12. I still remember the wonderful time _ we lived in America. A. that B. when C. in whi
11、ch D. on which 13. In the end, Japan and Korea reached the point _ both sides sat down and had a peaceful talk. A. where B. that C. when D. Which 强调句 it is / was .that / who.与定语从句判断：去掉强调句的结构完整，这是强调句，否则考虑定语从句14. It was in Sichuan Province _ the earthquake caused a great loss. A. where B. which C. whe
12、n D. that It was Sichuan Province _ the earthquake caused a great 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 17 页loss. A. where B. which C. when D. that 非限制性定语从句不能用that ，其他的关系词根据从句缺什么成分以及先行词是人是物进行选择15. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days. A. where B. ther
13、e C. which D. when 16. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. A. who B. which C. what D. that 17. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer what it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. A. w
14、hen B. which C. what D. that 18. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. A. which B. where C. who D. that 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 17 页非限制性定语从句中， which 和 as 都可以指整个句子，但as 还有“正如”的意思， which 放句末19. Jim passed the driving te
15、st, _ surprised everybody in the office. A. which B. that C. this D. it Book2 Unit5 介词+关系代词引导定语从句1. 某些动词，形容词，名词搭配，如talk to sb. 中的介词置于定语从句之前，这时则要考虑使用介词+相应的关系代词的结构。20. The computer, _ he paid ￥3,000, was once owned by his uncle. A. which B. for which C. that D. to that 21. For many cities in the world
16、, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which 22. Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 2. 介词+关系代词代替关系副词，其中介词的选择看先行词的固定搭配精选学习资料 - - - - - - - -
17、- 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 17 页23. The reason _ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour. A. which B. in which C. for which D. of which 24. The football match _ the students competed yesterday was very wonderful. A. in which B. which C. in that D. that 3. 其他情况，如句
18、子表达的需要，数词+of + 关系代词， whose + 名词= the 名词 + of which等25. His glasses, _ he could see nothing, was taken away by a naughty boy. A. which B. without which C. with which D. without those 26. At last we found the hole in the wall _ the mouse got into the house last night. A. in which B. which C. through w
19、hich D. by which 27. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 17 页注意复习只能用 that 的情况（这里不多讲）Book 2 Unit 2 Unit 4 被动语态（一般将来时的被动语态“将被做” will be done/ be
20、 going to be done，现在完成时的被动语态“已经被做”have/ has been done 正在进行时的被动语态“正在被做” be being done）1. 时态的判断要看上下文的动作关系，有时可以通过句中的时间状语判断2. 主动被动的判断看主语是执行动作，还是承受动作28. Why don t we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it _. A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired 29. It is said t
21、hat a new robot _ by him in a few days. A. designed B. has been designed C. will be designed D. will have been designed 30. - Why does the Lake smell terrible? - Because large quantities of water _. A. have polluted B. is being 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 17 页polluted C. has
22、 been polluted D. have been polluted 31. A new cinema _ here. They hope to finish it next month. A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built 32. In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the word. A. have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being pro
23、duced 33. He says that Mr. Zhang _ to the factory next week. A. is sent B. would send C. was sent D. will be sent 34. What do you think of store shopping in the future? Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _. A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be rep
24、laced D. would never be replaced 35. I like these English songs and they _ many times on the radio. A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught Book 3 Unit 1 Unit 2 情态动词精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 17 页情态动词的学习，要结合具体的语境，可以借助中文表达帮助理解。1. 猜测的表达 must(肯定) may( 可能) m
25、ight(可能弱) cant( 不可能) 2. can 表示猜测“可能”时，用于疑问句注意： ： ： ： ： ： ：mustnt 禁止3. 注意委婉表达 , 回答不需要委婉 (would- will / wont could-can/ cant) Could you help me? Yes, I can. 4. 情态动词 +have done 原本. 表示对过去事情的懊悔等表示对过去事情的猜测：must have done 肯定做过may / might have done可能做过cant / couldnt have done不可能做过5. 几种一般疑问句的答语， ， ， ， ， ， ，祈
26、使句回答May I do .? No, you had better not. Need I do.? No, you neednt. Must I do.? No, you dont have to./ No, you neednt. Remember to lock the door. I will. Don t forget to lock the door. I wont. 6.shall 用于一，三人称表征询意见Book 3 Unit 3 Unit 5 名词性从句精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 17 页1.
27、名词性从句在句子中充当主语，表语，宾语，同位语等成分，需要有引导词引导 （除了宾语从句中一种情况，即句子中第一个宾语从句中的 that 可以省略，其他都不能省略引导词）2. 首先判断从句类型：一般看从句的位置宾语从句：及物动词或者介词后面主语从句：句子开头表语从句：系动词（ be 动词）后面同位语从句：具体说明先行词（名词）的具体内容，注意几个常见的名词（ news, idea, question, fact等）其次判断从句缺不缺成分，用不用补充意思：不缺无意填 that 不缺补“是否”填whether/ if 缺成分缺意思看情况，缺什么补什么36._ the baby could speak
28、 a full sentence made his parents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If 37._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If 38. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 39. That warm-hearted woman often helps _ is in troub
29、le. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever （Wh-ever 表强调）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 17 页3. 区别同位语从句与定语从句：定语从句：先行词可以放回从句中，同位语从句， 先行词不能放回从句中， 先行词与同位语从句是等同内容。40. I cant accept the fact _he passed away last year. 41. I cant accept the fact _he told me yesterday. 4. 注意形式主语和形式宾语it
30、，复习句型！ ！ ！ It is necessary / important / impossible. that. It is a pity / a shame.that. find/ think/ consider / make it + adj. / n. +宾语从句42. He didn t make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held. A. this B. that C. it D. these 43. We thought _ strange that Tom did not come yesterday. A. th
31、at B. it C. this D. what 44._ surprises me most is that the students can do so much homework every day. A. It B. What C. That D. Which 45._ is still unknown when the president will make a public speech. A. It B. That C. He D. What 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 17 页对比： 46. _is
32、 known to all that Beijing is the capital of China. 47._is known to all is _Beijing is the capital of China. 48._is known to all, Beijing is the capital of China. 5. 陈述句语序49.Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put
33、 6. 注意从句中 (should) do的用法suggest / advice / insist/ request / command.+宾语从句中suggestion / require / request / command + 同位语从句suggestion / require / request / command . is 表语从句It is necessary / important .+ 真正的主语从句50. It is suggested that we _ to the park later. A. will go B. went C. go D. has gone Boo
34、k 4 Unit 1 主谓一致详细看课件或笔记（熟记）Book 4 Unit 2 Unit 4 V-ing形式1.V-ing形式在句子中作主语，宾语，表语，补语，状语精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 17 页2. 形式主语和形式宾语it ，复习句型和短语It is no use doing sth. There is no telling/ knowing .无法知道look forward to doing sth. The book is worth reading.= The book is worthy of b
35、eing read. 3. 要考虑时态和主被动 Doing Being done Having done Having been done 51._ the front door _, he had to enter the room through the back door. A. Seen, painted B. Seeing, being painted C. Being seen, being painted D. Seeing, painting 52. _the movie, she still wanted to go to the cinema again. A. Watch
36、ing B. Being watching C. Having watched D. To watch 53. _several time, he finally understand the meaning of the sentence. A. Teaching B. Being taught C. Having taught D. Having been taught 54._ his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，
37、共 17 页in touch with Bill. A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not having known D. Having not known (有时两个动作时间先后不用特别强调， 这个需要多做题，形成语感。) 4. 如果逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则要补充doing 的逻辑主语55.Being a small boy, _. A. my father took me with him to France B. I went with my father to France C. My father went with me to France D.
38、 My father took me to France 56.Because his mother was ill, he had to take care of her. 改写句： _, he had to take care of her. A. Being ill B. His mother was ill C. His mother being ill D. His mother ill 5. 否定 not 都是放在 doing 前面57._ made the teacher very angry. A. Toms not finishing his homework B. Not
39、Tom s finishing his homework C. Tom not finishing his homework D. Not Tom finishing his homework 6. 注意 ing 类形容词和 ed 类形容词的区别： interesting & interested, boring&bored, frightening & frightened等精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 17 页58.This is a _ movie and everyone was _. A. moved, m
40、oving B. moved, moved C. moving, moved D. moving, moving 7. 注意固定 ing 短语的表达： generally speaking等59. _ all things into consideration, I dare to say it is not the best. A. Taking B. Taken C. Being taken D. To take 答案1-5 B B D B C 6-10 B B A D C 11-15 A B A D A 16-20 A A B A B 21-25 C C C A B 26-30 C D C C C 31-35 D B D C D 36-40 A B B D 40. that (同从) 41-45 41. that/ which/ 省略（定从） C B B A 46-50 46.It 47.what;that 48.As C C 51-55 B C D A B 56-59 C A C A 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 17 页
