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1、初中英语定语从句讲解练习一、 初中英语重点词汇1. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little (1)many 修饰可数名词，much 修饰不可数名词；都表示许多。例如：He has many books.他有许多书。He drank much milk. 他喝了许多牛奶。(2)a few 和 a little 都表示 有一点儿 ，侧重于肯定，相当于some，但 a few 修饰可数名词，a little 修饰不可数名词，例如：He has a few friends in London. 他在伦敦有一些朋友。Would you like some cof
2、fee? Yes, just a little. 喝点咖啡好吗？好的，只要一点。(3)few 和 little 表示 几乎没有 ，侧重否定。few 后接可数名词，little 后接不可数名词。例如：He is a strange man. He has few words. 他是个怪人，他几乎不说什么话。Hurry up, there is little time left.赶快，没什么时间了。2. seem/ look (1) seem 一般着重于以客观迹象为依据，意思是“ 似乎、好象、看起来” 。The baby seems to be happy.婴儿看上去似乎很高兴。He seemed
3、 to be sorry for that. 他似乎为那件事感到抱歉。seem能与 to do 结构连用，而look 不能。It seems to rain. 似乎要下雨了。They seemed to have finished their work. 他们似乎已经完成了工作。在 it 作形式主语的句型中只能用seem。It seems that he is quite busy now.他现在看起来很忙。It seems to us that there is nothing serious. 在我看来没什么大不了的。(2) look 用作 “ 看起来；好像” 时，常从物体的外观或样貌上来
4、判断，是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的。The room looks clean. 这间房看起来很干净。The girl looks like her mother. 那女孩看起来向她的妈妈。二、语法定语从句（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用的表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰
5、的词之后，作后置定语。定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。如： 1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do . 上面两句中的man 和 everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who( 宾格 who, 所有格 whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系
6、代词引导的定语从句1.who 指人，在从句中做主语精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 12 页(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about . 注意：关系代词whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用who 代替，
7、可省略。(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that 指人时，相当于who 或者 whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(5) The people
8、 that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning ? (在句子中做宾语) 5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose 指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken w
9、ill soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow ? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 注： that 用法(1) 不用 that 的情况(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。(错 )The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (b)
10、 介词后不能用。We depend on the land from which we get our food.We depend on the land that/which we get our food from. (2) 只能用that 作为定语从句的关系代词的情况(a) 在 there be 句型中，只用that，不用which 。(b) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which 。(c) 先行词有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修饰时，只用that。(
11、d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which 。 . (e) 先行词既有人，又有物时。(f) 先行词指物，在主句中作表语时(g) 为了避免重复(h) 先行词是the way 或 the reason 时， that 可作关系副词，也可省略(i) 主句的主语是疑问词who /which时举例：Is this the book that you borrowed in the library? 这是你在图书馆借的那本书吗？Who that break the window should be punished 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳
12、总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 12 页谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题。Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。（三）、关系副词引导定语从句关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词=介词 +关系代词why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ . which ( 介词同先行词搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ . which
13、( 介词同先行词搭配) 1. where 指地点 ，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born . (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 2. when 引导定语从句表示时间 。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally c
14、ame. 注表示时间 “time 一词的定语从句只用when 引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that 引导。By the time you arrived in London , we had stayed there for two weeks. 到你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个星期。I still remember the first time I met her . 我仍然记得我第一次见到她。Each time he goes to business trip , he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels
15、, soap, toothbrush etc 。每一次他去出差，他带来了生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等，很多。3. why 指原因在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I don t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, (2) From t
16、he year when/in which he was going to school, he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. 注： 1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。2）that 前不能有介词。3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的介词 +关系词 结构可以同关系副词when ,where 和 why 互换。This is the house in which I lived two years ago . This is the house where I lived two years ago. Do you remembe
17、r the day on which you joined our club ? Do you remember the day when you joined our club ? This is the reason why he came late. This is the reason for which he came late. 三、练习精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 12 页练习一（一）用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。1. The boy is my younger brother. He
18、 was here a minute ago. 2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college. 3. Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square. The foreign visitors live there. 4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her. 5. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day. 6. The car
19、 was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us. 7. The man was my uncle. The man waved to us. 8. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a book last week. 9. I prefer the subject. The subject is science. 10. I spoke to the man. The man is a professor. （二）用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1. The house _ we live in
20、 is very big. 2. The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 3. This is the present _ he gave me for my birthday. 4. The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer. 5. He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited. 6. There is nothing in the world _ can frighten him. 7. She we
21、ars a gold ring, _ is very uncommon in our class. 8. We visited a factory _ makes toys for children. 9. Is this the place _ your father once lived? 10. I ll never forget the days _ I joined the L eague. 练习二一、单项填空1. -Who is the man _ was talking to our English teacher? -Oh! It s Mr Baker, our maths t
22、eacher.A. he B. that C. whom D. which 2. I hate the people _ don t help others when they are in trouble.A. who B. which C. theyD. where 3. The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 12 页4. George Mallory was
23、 an English school teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which 5. This is the place _I have ever visited. A. thereB. whenC. where D. which 6. Nobody knows the reason _ she didnt come to the meeting.A. that B. which C. why D. when 7. The moon is a world _ there is no life. A. that B. whic
24、h C. where D. why 8. He has forgotten the day _ he arrived. A. when B. where C. that D. which 9. He still remembers the days _ he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which 10. Mr. White, _ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. thatC. whose D. which 11. He got to th
25、e village _ his family once lived before liberation. A. that B. which C. when D. where 12. This is the house _ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where 13. This is the house _ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked. A. which B. that C. when D. where 14. He didn t tell me the plac
26、e _ he was born.A. that B. which C. whenD. where 15. He lived in a small village, _ was a long way from the railway station. A. that B. which C. whereD. when 16. I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. whichC. where D. that 17. Helen was much kinder to her you
27、ngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him. A. whoB. that C. whatD. which 18. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom 19. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care
28、of in that far-away village. A. untilB. thatC. whenD. where 20. The famous scientist grew up_ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai. A. whenB. whenever C. where D. wherever 21. A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at co
29、urt. A. when B. where C. what D. that 22. The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. which 23. Is this factory _ you worked at? A. the one B. which C. that D. where 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 12 页24. Is this
30、 the factory _ you worked? A. whereB. which C. that D. the one 25. -Does the teacher know everybody _ planted the trees? -Yes, he does. A. whichB. whose C. where D. who 26. The letter _ I received from him yesterday is very important. A. whoB. where C. what D. that 27. -Where is the scientist _ gave
31、 us the talk yesterday? -He has gone back to Qinghua University. A. whom B. whoC. whose D. which 28. I hate people _ talk much but do little. A. whoseB. whomC. whichD. who 29. Do you know a boy _ sister is a nurse in a hospital? A. who B. that C. whomD. whose 30. Is there a shop near here_ we can bu
32、y vegetables and fruits? A. which B. when C. who D. where 二、填入适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列句子1. The boys_ are playing football are from Class One. 2. Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow. 3. Mr Liu is the person _ you talked about on the bus. 4. The professor _ you are waitin
33、g for has come. 5. Football is a game _is liked by most boys. 6. He likes to read books _ are written by foreign writers. 7. This is the pen _ he bought yesterday. 8. Well go to hear the famous singer _ we have often talked.9. Where is the man _ I saw this morning? 10. The season_ comes after spring
34、 is summer. 11. I visited a scientist _ name is known all over the country. 12. He has a friend _ father is a doctor. 13. I once lived in the house _ roof has fallen in. 14. I still remember the day _ I first came to this school. 15. The time _ we got together finally arrived. 16. Shanghai is the ci
35、ty _ I was born. 17. The house _ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 18. Please tell me the reason _ you missed the plane. 19. The reason _ he was punished is unknown to us. 20. All the people _are present burst into tears. 21. There are about seven million people taking part in the election
36、, most of _ are well educated. 22. He succeeded in the competition, _ made his parents very happy. 23. The school _ he once studied is very famous. 24. Tomorrow I ll bring here the magazine _ you asked. 25. This is the boy _I played tennis with yesterday. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - -
37、-第 6 页，共 12 页练习三1. The house _ we live is not big. A. in that B. which C. in which D. that 2. He talked about the lectures and schools _ he had visited. A. that B. which C. who D. whom 3. The scientist the teacher is talking _ is leaving for Beijing. A. to him B. whom C. to D. to that 4. I who _ you
38、r teacher, will teach Marxism as a truth to you. A. is B. are C. were D. am 5. _ they could do was to work hard. A. All B. All what C. All which D. That 6. Do you know the reason _ he didn t come?A. that B. which C. for D. why 7. The room _ windows face south is his. A. that B. which C. whose D. who
39、 s8. The park, _ we visited yesterday, is very nice. A. where B. which C. that D. when 9. The park, _ we met with him, is very nice. A. where B. which C. that D. when 10. The first time _ I saw her was in 1989. A. when B. which C. that D. as 11. Pay attention to all _ I do. A. which B. in which C. w
40、hat D. that 12. I ve read all the books _ you gave me.A. which B. them C. what D. that 13. Is there anything _ I can do for you? A. what B. which C. that D. it 14. The woman _ child had fallen ill was a doctor. A. who B. her C. whose D. / 15. The pen _ I m using _ is hers.A. which; it B. that; it C.
41、 it; / D. / 16. I have the same trouble _ you have. A. that B. which 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 12 页C. as D. what 17. It s the very book _ I want to find.A. which B. that C. it D. so 18. He is the only one of the boys who _ English for four years. A. has learnt B. have lear
42、nt C. learn D. learning 19. This is one of the books _ worth reading. A. that is B. which are C. it was D. they are been 20. This is the best film _ been shown this year. A. which has B. which have C. that has D. that have 21. This is the largest clock in the world, the minute have _ is six minutes
43、long. A. where B. of which C. that D. of that 22. Can you tell me the reason _ you didn t come for yesterday?A. why B. how C. which D. what 23. Do you still remember the day _ we spent together last month? A. that B. in which C. when D. where 24. Oct. 1, 1949 was the day _ the New China was founded.
44、 A. that B. in which C. when D. where 25. Which/Who of them _ knows something about English doesn t know this word?A. which B. who C. that D. as 26. _ we all know, he is a good man. A. Which B. Who C. That D. As 27. I ve never seen such a lazy boy _ you are.A. which B. who C. that D. as 28. There we
45、re many great leaders in the history _ Abraham Lincoln was the greatest one. A. in which B. in whom C. of which D. of whom 29. I bought a new dictionary, _ is very beautiful. A. whose the cover B. of which cover C. the cover of which D. which cover 30. They have planted many trees, one third of _ ar
46、e pine trees. A. them B. whose C. which D. that 31. That is my office, _ face the south. A. it s windows B. the windowsC. the windows of it D. the windows of which 32. He s given us a lot of information, _ is valuable.A. little of it B. Little of which 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第
47、8 页，共 12 页C. a little D. much of them 33. He has two sons, _ is a collage student. A. who B. both of whom C. neither of whom D. neither 34. There are forty-five students in our class, _ is only fifteen. A. the youngest of whom B. the oldest of them C. one of them D. the tallest 35. He has published
48、two books, _ I ve completely forgotten.A. their names B. the names of which C. the names of them D. what names of which 36. He has several friends, the most devoted _ is Henry. A. friend B. one of them C. of them D. of whom 37. Five men stole into the gate, _ was lame in the right leg. A. the second
49、 B. the third of whom C. one of them D. among them 38. This is the very school _ I wanted to visit. A. where B. that C. which D. in which 39. Is the school _ you are going to work? A. where B. that C. which D. there 40. Is this _ you want? A. which B. the one C. that D. the one what 41. Shanghai, _
50、I have visited twice, has a large population. A. where B. which C. what D. that 42. My youngest sister, _ is forty years old, has got a life professorship in a university. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 43. The students didn t like the way _ she was dressed.A./ B. which C. what D. how 44. There s n
51、o way _ you could stop others talking about you unless you don t spare yourself ( 严格要求自己). A. for B. that C. where D. of which 45. I am determined to learn my subjects in the way _ you have done. A. in which B. by what C. what D. where 46. He used to do things in a way _ did no harm to anybody. A. /
52、 B. what C. in which D. that 47. I ll do _ to help you.A. all I can B. all what I can C. all those I manage D. all which I can 48. All _ want to buy the book, put down your names here. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 12 页A. who B. these that C. those who D. ones 49. This is the
53、third time _ you re late for school.A. in which B. that C. which D. on which 50. He arrived yesterday, _ was just what we expected. A. what B. who C. that D. which 51. Einstein taught at Princeton, _ there was a famous research institute. A. that B. where C. which D. because of 52. That is the reaso
54、n _ he came to see you. A. when B. that C. which D. for which 53. She is one of the few persons _ Spanish in our school. A. who knows B. who know C. which speak D. that speaks 54. He is the only one of the teachers _ Spanish in our school. A. who teaches B. who teach C. which teaches D. that teach 5
55、5. You are the only one _ advice he might listen to. A. who B. that C. whose D. whatever 56. Here is so big a stone _ no man can lift. A. as B. which C. who D. that 57. He seems a foreigner, _ in fact it is. A. which B. as C. that D. and 58. Who _ has common sense will do such a thing? A. which B. w
56、ho C. whom D. that 59. Is this the museum _ some German friends visited last Wednesday? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 60. Is this museum _ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 61. How do you like the book? It s quite different from_ I read last month.A. that B
57、. which C. the one D. the one what 62. Which sentence is wrong? A. The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth. B. Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform? C. Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of
58、land. D. People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth. 63. Antarctic _ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 64. Each time _ they met, they would talk long hours together. A. which B. during C. whe
59、n D. / 65. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 12 页66. Is it in that factory _ “ Red Flag ” cars are produced?A. in which B. where C. which D. that 67. He is not _ a fool _.
60、 A. such; as he is looked B. such; as he looks. C. as; as he is looked D. so; as he looks 68. Some of the roads were flooded, _ made our journey more difficult. A. which B. it C. what D. that 69. The buses, _ were already full, were surrounded by on angry crowd. A. most of that B. which most C. most
61、 of which D. that most 70. He is a man of great experience, _ much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 12 页练习一答案(一)1. The boy who was here a minute ago is my younger brother. 2. The old man who teaches chemistry in a college
62、 is a professor. 3. Beijing Hotel where the foreign visitors live is near Tian An Men Square. 4. The woman whom you were talking bout is here now. 5. This is the hall where we listened to the report the other day. 6. The car just passed us was going 90 miles. 7. The man who waved to us was my uncle.
63、 8. I enjoyed reading the book that you gave me last week. 9. The subject that I prefer is science. 10. I spoke to the man who is a professor. （二）1. which/ that2. who/ that 3. that/ which 4. who/ that 5. that 6. that 7. which 8. that/ which9. where 10. when 练习二答案一、单项填空1-5 BACAD 6-10 CCACC 11-15 DBDD
64、B 16-20 CDDCC21-25 DBAAD 26-30 DBDDD 二、填入适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列句子1. who 2. who 3. whom 4. whom 5. which 6. which7. which8. about whom9. whom10. which 11. whose12. whose13. whose14. when15. when 16. where17. where18. why19. why20. that 21. whom22. which23. where24. that25. whom 练习三答案1-5 CACDA 6-10 DCBAC 11-15 DDDCD 16-20 CBABC 21-25 BCACC 26-30 CDDCC 31-35 DBCAB 36-40 DBBAB 41-45 BCABA 46-50 DACBD 51-55 BDBAC 56-60 ABDAD 61-65 CADDA 66-70 DBACD 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 12 页
