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1、Sports English体育学院社体教研室体育学院社体教研室方春妮方春妮TEL：13886055757E-MAIL：Reviewing Chapter 1The Olympic Games The Olympic Games is the most important The Olympic Games is the most important sporting event in the world. It includes sporting event in the world. It includes AncientAncient one and one and Modern Mod
2、ern one. The modern one includes one. The modern one includes Olympic Olympic Summer Summer Games and Olympic Games and Olympic WinterWinter Games, both of them take place every four Games, both of them take place every four years.years.Introduction of Olympic GamesOrigin of Ancient Olympic Gamesl l
3、The history of the Ancient Olympic Games can be traced back over 3000 years to ancient Greece.l lThe first one was held in front of the temple of Zeus of Olympia in 776 BC.l lWhile the games was on, the city states came to an agreement to cease fire.l lThe ancient Olympics had a distinctive feature:
4、 naked sports.l lFrom the first ancient Olympics in 776 BC to 394 AD, there held 293 ancient Olympics in the same place.Modern Olympic Gamesl lA Frenchman named Pierre De Coubertin started the modern Olympic Games in 1896. l lHe had a strong belief in the importance of sports for the development of
5、the individual.Olympic knowledgel lOlympic symbollOlympic mottolTorch relayl lPassing the flame is an expression of good wills Passing the flame is an expression of good wills for people: that is to spread Olympics spirit for people: that is to spread Olympics spirit forever.forever.Basketball Chapt
6、er 2The Inventor of Basketballl lJames Naismith, a Canadian-American teacher of P.E, is recognized as the inventor of the sport of basketball. l lHe developed the game as an indoor sport because of the harsh winter months.Glossary for basketball courtl lSideline 边线边线l lEndline 端线端线l lMidcourt (cente
7、r) line 中线中线l lFrontcourt 前场前场l lBackcourt 后场后场l lFree throw lane 罚球区罚球区l lTwo-point field goal area 2分投篮区分投篮区l lThree-point field goal area 3分投篮区分投篮区l lModern basketball is played by ten players, five in each team: two forwards, one center, and two guards. Each team may have up to 7 substitute play
8、ers.l lThe game is started by a jump ball at the center circle. The referee tosses the ball up between the top opposing players and they try to tap the ball toward a team-mate by jumping for it.l lModern basketball is fast, requiring sudden bursts of speed. So the game demands the finest of control,
9、 coordination and stamina.l lA goal is scored 2 points in 2-point field goal area and 3 points in 3-point field goal area. For a free throw one point is awarded.Glossary for Basketball Gamesl lOffense Offense 进攻进攻进攻进攻 Defense Defense 防守防守防守防守 l lShoot Shoot 投篮投篮投篮投篮 Dunk Dunk 扣篮扣篮扣篮扣篮l lLay-up Lay-u
10、p 擦板入篮擦板入篮擦板入篮擦板入篮 Jump shot Jump shot 跳投跳投跳投跳投l lHook Hook 勾手投篮勾手投篮勾手投篮勾手投篮 Dribbling Dribbling 运球运球运球运球l lBlock off Block off 防堵防堵防堵防堵 Steal the ball Steal the ball 抢断球抢断球抢断球抢断球l lRebound Rebound 抢篮板球抢篮板球抢篮板球抢篮板球 Screen Screen 掩护掩护掩护掩护l lDrawing a foul Drawing a foul 导致对方犯规导致对方犯规导致对方犯规导致对方犯规l lPos
11、ting up Posting up 策应策应策应策应 l lSetting up plays Setting up plays 组织进攻组织进攻组织进攻组织进攻The Introduction of NBAl lNBA, with 30 teams from the United States and NBA, with 30 teams from the United States and Canada, is the major professional basketball Canada, is the major professional basketball league in t
12、he world, and league in the world, and representsrepresents the highest the highest level of professional play. level of professional play. l lPlayers from all over the world Players from all over the world aspire toaspire to play in play in North America.North America.l lIn 1946, a few Eastern-base
13、d arena operators In 1946, a few Eastern-based arena operators agreed that they needed more events to bring agreed that they needed more events to bring the public into their buildings on nights when the public into their buildings on nights when their hockey teams were not their hockey teams were n
14、ot scheduled playscheduled play. .l lFrom these From these humblehumble beginnings, NBA was born. beginnings, NBA was born.Regular Seasonl lNBA regular season begins in the first week of November. Each team plays an 82-game with 41 home and 41 road games.l lEach team travels all over the nation to p
15、lay 29 different teams. So it is a challenging schedule. Its a pretty rigorous schedule compacted into about 5-6 months.Playoffl lAfter regular season concludes in April, a total of After regular season concludes in April, a total of 16 teams 16 teams qualify forqualify for the playoffs (8 teams fro
16、m the playoffs (8 teams from each conference). each conference). l lThe playoffs start with the teams with better The playoffs start with the teams with better records playing the teams with worse records in records playing the teams with worse records in a a best-of-sevenbest-of-seven series. serie
17、s.l lThe playoffs continue in this The playoffs continue in this elimination schemeelimination scheme until a conference champion is crowned. The until a conference champion is crowned. The champions from two conferences then meet in a champions from two conferences then meet in a best-of-seven seri
18、es to determine the final best-of-seven series to determine the final champion.champion.Football Chapter 3l lThe history of football began back in 1863 in England, when the new games of rugby football and association football went their separate ways. That year, the worlds first football association
19、 was foundedthe Football Association of England.l lBut the practice of kicking a round object with ones feet can be traced back well before the 19th century. l lBelieve it or not, the very earliest form of the game Believe it or not, the very earliest form of the game seems to seems to have taken ro
20、ot inhave taken root in China. China.l lA military manual A military manual dating fromdating from the period of the the period of the Han Dynasty, in the 2nd or 3rd century BC, Han Dynasty, in the 2nd or 3rd century BC, includes among the physical education exercises includes among the physical edu
21、cation exercises something known as “Tsu Chu”.something known as “Tsu Chu”.The Positionl lGoalkeeper(守门员）守门员） : the only player who is allowed to handle the ball, whose special duty is to prevent the ball from going into the goal.l lDefender（后卫）（后卫）: one of the players generally positioned in the de
22、fensive half of the field and primarily responsible for preventing the opposition from scoring.l lForward ,striker, attacker(前锋）：前锋）：an offensive player who generally plays for upfield and concentrates on trying to score goals.l lMidfielder, halfback(前卫）：前卫）： one of the players generally positioned
23、near the middle of the field and primarily responsible for creating scoring opportunities for the strikers.Rules of Football Gamesl lA match is 90 minutes, divided into two 45-minute A match is 90 minutes, divided into two 45-minute halves, with a 15-minute half-time break.halves, with a 15-minute h
24、alf-time break.l lOnly goalkeepers can touch the ball with their Only goalkeepers can touch the ball with their hands or arms.hands or arms.l lonly three substitutions per team per game are only three substitutions per team per game are allowed.allowed.l lNo player can rejoin the game after being re
25、placed No player can rejoin the game after being replaced by a substitute.by a substitute.offsidel lA referee calls an attacking player offside when he or she is closer to the goal line than either the ball or an opposing defender.l lA player in an offside position is only penalized if the referee j
26、udges him or her to be interfering with play, interfering with an opponent or gaining an advantage by being in that position.Words and Expressionsl lOffside 越位越位l lGoal scored 进球得分进球得分l lFree kick 任意球任意球l lDirect free kick/ indirect free kickl lThrow-in 掷界外球掷界外球l lInjury time 伤停补时伤停补时l lOwn goal 乌龙球
27、乌龙球l lHand ball 手球犯规手球犯规l lKick off 开球开球l lPenalty kick 点球点球l lPlace kick 定位球定位球l lFoot over 抬脚过高抬脚过高l lFake a fall; simulation 假摔假摔l lTackle from behind 背后铲球背后铲球l lBreak through to beat 带球过人带球过人l lYellow card (caution)l lRed card (sending off)l l“footballs ever growing popularity, its enormous appe
28、al to especially young people, its expanding economic, social and even political significance and its importance for the media have all combined to make the sport a vital common denominator for varied interest groups.”TennisChapter 4Origin of TennisTechniques of Tennisl lEach grip has its strengths
29、as well as Each grip has its strengths as well as weaknesses. Some begin with the weaknesses. Some begin with the Eastern Grips, and eventually move to Eastern Grips, and eventually move to the Continental, or the Western Grip. It the Continental, or the Western Grip. It depends primarily on your si
30、ze and depends primarily on your size and strength as well as your playing level.strength as well as your playing level.Grip Words and expressionsl lForehand drive Forehand drive 正手击球正手击球正手击球正手击球l lBackhand drive Backhand drive 反手击球反手击球反手击球反手击球l lReturn of serve Return of serve 接发球接发球接发球接发球l lGround
31、 stroke Ground stroke 触地球触地球触地球触地球l lLob Lob 高球高球高球高球l lSmash Smash 高压球高压球高压球高压球l lVolley Volley 截击球截击球截击球截击球l lDrop shot Drop shot 小球小球小球小球 l lWhen serving in a standard game, the When serving in a standard game, the server shall stand behind alternate halves server shall stand behind alternate hal
32、ves of the court, starting from the right half of of the court, starting from the right half of the court in every game.the court in every game.l lthe service shall pass over the net and hit the service shall pass over the net and hit the service court diagonally opposite, the service court diagonal
33、ly opposite, before the receiver returns it.before the receiver returns it.l lThe server is allowed two attempts at The server is allowed two attempts at serving each point. serving each point. serviceScoring l lA contest or match in tennis is based on three units of scoring: points, games, and sets
34、.l lScore in a game:l lStandard game: a standard game is scored as follows with the servers score being called first:l lNo point Love first point15l lSecond point 30 third point 40l lFourth point game l lThe player/teams who win three points first, he or The player/teams who win three points first,
35、he or she or they win the “game”.she or they win the “game”.l lIf both players/teams have won three points, the If both players/teams have won three points, the score is score is DeuceDeuce. . l lA player/team needs to win two consecutive points A player/team needs to win two consecutive points imme
36、diately after Deuce to win the “game”.immediately after Deuce to win the “game”.l lScore in a set the first player to win six games wins that “set”. If the score reaches six games all, a tie-break game shall be used to determine the winner.l lScore in a match A match can be played to the best of 3 s
37、ets or to the best of 5 sets.Track and FieldChapter 5 Short IntroductionTrack and field, also known as Athletics, is the mother of the sports at the Olympics since 1896. Each event determines who can run the fastest, who can jump the highest or the longest, or who can throw the farthest. The most me
38、dals which are 16 percent of total numbers are titled to the Track and Field at Olympic Games.Athletics requires highly specialized techniques and skills. The athletes should show a good combination of speed, strength, endurance, balance, flexibility, stamina, fine footwork and coordination, as well
39、 as self-confidence, concentration and tough-mindedness.Events of TrackThe results are calculated by time.Running events include- short distance events: 100m race, 200m race, 400m race middle distance events: 800m race, 1500m race, 3000m race long distance events: 5000m race, 10000m race hurdles: wo
40、mens 100m hurdles race, mens 110m hurdles race, 400m hurdles race steeplechase events: 3000m Marathon: 42.195km Relay events: 4100m relay, 4400m relayWalking events- race walking: 5km, 10km, 20km, 50kmEvents of FieldThe results are calculated by height or distance.Jumping events: high jump pole vaul
41、t long jump triple jumpThrowing events: shot put discus throw hammer throw javelin throwThe Ice and Snowing SportsChapter 6 Words and ExpressionsIce hockey冰球 Figure skating 花样滑冰Speed skating 速度滑冰Short track speed skating 短道速滑Curling 冰上溜石 （冰壶）Alpine skiing高山滑雪 Ski jump跳台滑雪Cross-country skiing 越野滑雪Sno
42、wboarding单板滑雪luge 雪橇Figure SkatingThat one sentence just sums up what figure skating is. The only sport where jumps, spins and power are put together with emotion, grace and sensibility.Olympic figure skating consists of four medal events or disciplines: ladies singles, mens singles, pairs and ice d
43、ancing. In mens and ladies singles, skaters display a high level of aesthetic form and technical skill under a great amount of pressure.Each competition comprises two partsa short program, worth 33.3 percent of the final score, and a free skate, worth 66.7 percent.Speed SkatingThe standard indoor tr
44、ack is on a double 400-meter ring of ice produced artificially. Two opponents at a time compete and at each round they must change lanes, because the inside ring is shorter than the outside one.Short Track Speed SkatingShort track speed skating is an elimination event in which athletes race in packs
45、 and try to outskate and outwit fellow competitors within their heats.Eventually, the field is narrowed to a handful of finalists. The first one to cross the finish line is the winner.Individual competitions begin with 32 athletes. Individual heats feature four skaters at a time in a mass start.Fina
46、l Examination考试形式：按平时上课教学分组进行英语口语考试，考试形式：按平时上课教学分组进行英语口语考试，考试顺序由组长抽签决定。每组同学按照顺序进场考考试顺序由组长抽签决定。每组同学按照顺序进场考试，其它组同学在场外等待。试，其它组同学在场外等待。考试内容：考试内容：Self-introduction (每人每人1分钟左右分钟左右) 20Group discussion: my favorite sport （每组不能（每组不能超过超过15分钟）分钟） 60 Answering the questions of the teacher 20考试要求：考试要求：Speaking in English completely.professional Expression as possible as you can.
