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1、第七讲第七讲非谓语动词非谓语动词-难点突破难点突破重难点、考点重难点、考点一、动名词和不定式句法功能的区别一、动名词和不定式句法功能的区别二、分词作状语的区别二、分词作状语的区别三、三、to be done / being done / done 作后置定语的区作后置定语的区别别 四、四、with的复合结构的复合结构五、独立主格结构五、独立主格结构 难点一难点一动名词和不定式句法功能的区别动名词和不定式句法功能的区别1.1.作主语作主语Smokingisprohibitedhere.Itisnotverygoodfortheteacherstosmokeatschool. （抽象）（抽象）（具
2、体）（具体）2.作表语作表语 MyjobisteachingyouEnglish. Myjobistoteachthechildrenasongthisafternoon. （习惯、爱好）（习惯、爱好）(将来要发生的行为）将来要发生的行为）3. 作宾语作宾语（1）V. + doing / to do：意义相近：意义相近 begin，start，love，like，hate，dislike，continue，prefer,（2）V. + doing / to do：意义不同：意义不同 remember，forget，regret，try，mean, stop, go on, cannot hel
3、p,（3）V. + doing = V. + to be done. want, need, require, deserve, 难点二难点二分词作状语的区别分词作状语的区别形式形式意义意义doing与句中主语是主动关系，与句中谓与句中主语是主动关系，与句中谓语（基本）同时发生语（基本）同时发生havingdone与句中主语是主动关系，先于句子与句中主语是主动关系，先于句子谓语动作发生谓语动作发生done与句中主语是被动关系与句中主语是被动关系havingbeendone与句中主语是被动关系，且先于谓与句中主语是被动关系，且先于谓语动词动作发生语动词动作发生小试牛刀小试牛刀1. _(give)
4、 more time, I could do it better.2. The sun is shining, _(give) us light and heat.3.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _（add）that he had enjoyed his stay here.4. _(base) on a true story, the film Coming Home is appealing to the audience,5. It has rained for two weeks ,
5、completely _(ruin) our holiday.GivengivingaddingBasedruining6. _ (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.7. If _ (ask) to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.8. Early this year cruel snowstorms hit southern China, _(cause) gre
6、at transportation problems in some areas.9. The teacher came into the classroom, _ (follow) by some students.10. _ (tell) many times, he still repeated the same mistake. FoundedaskedcausingfollowedHavingbeentold难点三难点三tobedone/beingdone/done作后置定语的区别作后置定语的区别1. The problem to be discussed at the meetin
7、g next week is very serious. 2. The problem being discussed at the meeting now is very serious. 3. The problem discussed at the meeting yesterday is very serious. tobedone:被动、将来被动、将来beingdone:被动、正在进行被动、正在进行done:被动、完成被动、完成1.The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area. A. being comp
8、leted B. to be completed C. completed D. having been completed2.The witnesses _by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. A. questioned B. being questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned3. Listen ! The song _ is very popular with the teenagers.A. singing B. being
9、 sung C. sung D. to be sungBAB难点四难点四with的复合结构的复合结构 with + 宾语宾语 + doing with + 宾语宾语 + done with + 宾语宾语 + to do with + 宾语宾语 + adj. / adv. / prep-phraseWith you helping me whenever Im in trouble, I feel very grateful to you .With his key lost, he couldnt get into the office. With a large family to supp
10、ort, he worked day and night. He stood there trembling, with his face red with cold. The boy stood there with his head down. He is deep in thought, with his head in his hands.（主动、正在进行）（主动、正在进行）（被动、完成）（被动、完成）（被动、未来动作）（被动、未来动作）PRACTICE： 1. With flowers and trees _ (plant) everywhere, the city took on
11、a new look. 2. With the guide _ (lead) the way, we arrived the destination in time.3. With everything needed _ (buy ), they left the store with satisfaction.4. With something necessary _ (purchase ), we decide to go to the supermarket. plantedleadingboughttopurchase难点五难点五独立主格结构独立主格结构1. Weather permi
12、tting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.2. The experiment finished, the students went on to take notes in the experiment report. 3. The lights off, we could not go on with the work. 4. He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 构成：构成：n. / pron. + doing / done n. / pron. + adj./ adv./
13、to do./ prep-phrase. The tourists visited many scenic spots in Beijing, (with) the guide acting as interpreter. (With)Hishomeworkfinished, hefeltveryhappy. Our English teacher came into the classroom, (with) papers in his hand. 1. I sent you 100 dollars today, the rest _ in a year. A. follows B. fol
14、lowed C. to follow D. being followed2. The lecture _, a lively question-and-answer session followed. （2014江苏卷）江苏卷） A. being given B. having given C. to be given D. having been givenCDSUMMARY 一、动名词和不定式句法功能的区别一、动名词和不定式句法功能的区别二、分词作状语的区别二、分词作状语的区别三、三、to be done / being done / done 作后置定语的区作后置定语的区别别 四、四、w
15、ith的复合结构的复合结构五、独立主格结构五、独立主格结构 非谓语动词专题训练非谓语动词专题训练Keys: 单选：单选： ABBAD CDDCB DCDDA BABAD DBBBD难题解析难题解析3._thechapterfourtimes,IfinallyunderstoodtheauthorstheoryAReadingBHavingreadCToreadDReadB解析：解析：本题考查现在分词作状语。非谓语动词本题考查现在分词作状语。非谓语动词read与主与主句主语是主动关系，且该动作发生在主语谓语动作之前，句主语是主动关系，且该动作发生在主语谓语动作之前，故用现在分词的完成式故用现在分
16、词的完成式：havingdone。难题解析难题解析6.Generally,_toauniversityintheUSA,foreignstudentsneedtoprovetheirstrongabilityinusingEnglish.A.admittingB.admittedC.tobeadmittedD.beingadmitted C解析：解析：本题考查不定式作目的状语。本题考查不定式作目的状语。beadmittedto在在此解释为此解释为“被被录取录取”，tobeadmittedtoauniversityintheUSA:为了被美国的大学录取。为了被美国的大学录取。难题解析难题解析7.
17、-Theyarequiet,arentthey?-Yes.Theyareaccustomed_atmeals.A.totalkB.tonottalkC.totalkingD.tonottalkingD解析：解析：本题考查动名词作宾语。词组本题考查动名词作宾语。词组beaccustomedtodoing:习惯干某事，动名词的否定式：习惯干某事，动名词的否定式：notdoing,即：即：beaccustomedtonottalking.难题解析难题解析11.Theguideaskedusagainifwehadeverbeentothetemple_theMingDynasty.A.datedba
18、cktoB.thatdatebacktoC.datebacktoD.datingbacktoD解析：解析：本题考查分词作定语。本题考查分词作定语。datebackto:追溯至追溯至，与被修饰名词，与被修饰名词temple是主动关系，无被动，故用是主动关系，无被动，故用datingbackto,转换成定语从句应该是：转换成定语从句应该是：that/whichdatesbackto难题解析难题解析19. by a greater demand for green products, the food company has set higher standards to ensure the qu
19、ality.ADriven BBeing drivenCTo drive DHaving driven解析：解析：本题考查分词作状语。动词本题考查分词作状语。动词drive在此意思为在此意思为“驱驱使使.”,与句子主语与句子主语thefoodcompany是被动关系，是被动关系，bedrivenby:被被驱使，所以选择过去分词作状语。驱使，所以选择过去分词作状语。A动词填空动词填空1.-Tomisaheavysmokerandheneverattemptstogiveupsmoking.-Youareright.Itsnouse_(try)topersuadesuchamantoquitsmo
20、king.2._(maintain)physicalwell-being,apersonshouldeathealthyfoodandgetenoughexercise.3._(lost)inthebeautifulscenery,hefoundhimself_(separate)fromhismates.4. I admire that famous scientist very much, so I wish_(introduce)tohim.5.Thegirldidntsayanythingtome.Instead,shesatinthecorner_(stare)atmybehavio
21、r.tryingTomaintainLostseparatedtobeintroducedstaring6.Onacoldnight,withhisseatbelt_(fasten),hedrovehiscarouttolookforthelostchild.7._(analyze)thestatistics,wefoundthattheconditionofthatcompanywasntsobad.8. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to_(set)upsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.9. No matt
22、er what difficulties you face, you should try toovercome them in order to have your task _(complete).10. Whenever _ (ask) about it, he could hardlyholdbackhisemotions.fastenedHavinganalyzedsettingcompletedaskedSUMMARY一、动名词和不定式句法功能的区别一、动名词和不定式句法功能的区别二、分词作状语的区别二、分词作状语的区别三、三、to be done / being done / done 作后置定语的区作后置定语的区别别 四、四、with的复合结构的复合结构五、独立主格结构五、独立主格结构
