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1、高考英语情态动词用法一、情态动词can和could用法1.表示“能力”时，can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力。Susan isnt very good at maths, but she can speak English very well.苏珊并不擅长数学，但是她的英语说得很好。We could go there this summer. 今年夏天我们可能要去那儿。2.表示“推测”时，can常用于否定句中，cant表示“不可能”。could表“推测”时，比can的可能性要小。Mr. Black cant be at homehe has gone to America.布莱克先
2、生不可能在家他去美国了。Even experienced teachers can make mistakes.即使是有经验的教师也可能出错。3.表示“请求”或“许可”时，通常用于疑问句中；could表“请求”时比can更委婉。Could/Can you pick me up at the airport? 你能去机场接机好吗?Yes. I can. 好的，可以。4.could have done表示“本可以做某事”；couldnt have done表示“不可能做了某事”。You could have helped him. 你本来应该帮助他的。She cant have finished
3、the work. 她不可能完成了那份工作。5.be able to do表示“能够做某事”，不能与 can连用，但有更多时态。Im sure you will be able to look after yourself.我相信你会照顾你自己的。I havent been able to sleep very well recently. 最近我总是睡不好。二、情态动词may和might用法1.may和might可用于肯定句中表“许可”,用在疑问句中表示“请求”。She said I might call her at the weekend.她说我可以周末给她打电话。May I borro
4、w the car tomorrow?明天我能借用下车吗？2. might表“推测”时，可能性比may的可能性小。He may/might know the answer. 他可能知道答案。He may/might not believe you. 他可能不会相信你。3. may/might well do sth很可能, may/might as well do sth.不妨。Her appearance has changed so much that you might well not recognize her.她的模样变化如此大，你很可能认不出她了。You might as wel
5、l give him the letter.你不妨把信给他。4.“May you+动词原形”表示祝愿。May you succeed! 祝你成功！May all your dreams come true! 祝你所有的梦想都实现！5.may/might have done表示“可能已经做了某事”，但是把握不大。She may have read it in the papers. 她可能在报上已读到过此事。It was really very dangerous. I might have killed myself. 那真的是太危险了，我差点没命了。三、情态动词must和have to用法1
6、.must表示“必须”,强调说话人的主观态度，否定式为mustnt,意为“不允许，禁止。Everyone must obey the rule.人人都必须遵守制度。You must keep it a secret. You mustnt tell anyone.你必须保密，你不可以告诉任何人。2.must表示“推测”,意为“一定是，准是,只用于肯定句中。must be doing肯定正在做某事。He must be very lazy for his desk is very untidy.他肯定很懒，因为他的课桌很不整洁。Put on more clothes. You must be f
7、eeling cold with only a shirt on.多穿点儿衣服，你只穿一件衬衣，肯定觉得冷。3.must表示“偏要”,指说话人对发生的事情表示不满。Why must it rain today? 为什么偏偏在今天下雨？4.have to表示客观需要，意为“不得不”,否定式为dont have to,等于neednt。You cant turn right here. You have to turn left.你不能在这里右拐，你必须左拐。You have to stay for supper. 你得留下来吃晚饭。四、情态动词will和would用法1.will表示“请求”,常
8、用于第二人称疑问句中，would比will语气更委婉。Will you join our discussion? 你愿意加入我们的讨论吗?Would you open the window, please? 请把窗户打开好吗?2.will表示主观愿望、意志或决心，would用于过去的习惯性动作，意为“过去常常做某事”。Go where you will. 你愿到哪里就到哪里。She asked if I would go with them. 她问我是否愿意同他们一起去。On summer evenings they would sit out in the garden. 夏天的晚上他们会坐
9、在外面的花园里。3. will和would用于第二人称的疑问句中，would表示委婉语气。Wont you take off your coat? 你要不要把大衣脱掉?Would you please post the 1etter for me? 请帮我寄了这封信好吗?4.would用于否定句可以表示顽固倾向，意为“老是不”“总是不”。My car wouldnt start this morning.今天早晨我的汽车怎么也发动不起来。The door wouldnt open, no matter how hard she pushed.不管她怎么用力推，门就是打不开。5.would ha
10、ve done表示与过去事实相反的假设。But for your help we would have been late .要不是你帮忙我们就迟到了。If she had seen you yesterday, she would have asked you about it. 要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你问起这件事。五、情态动词shall, should和ought to用法1.shall用在第一三人称疑问句中时，表示征求对方意见。Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow? 明天汤姆可以和我一起去那里吗?2.shall用在第二、三人称陈述句中时，表示说话人的
11、允诺、命令、告诫等。You shall get an answer from me tomorrow.到明天你就会得到我的答复的。3.should/ought to表示责任，义务，意为“应该”,否定式为should not/ ought not to。You shouldnt be so careless. 你不应该这么粗心大意。Humans ought to stop polluting nature.人类应停止污染大自然。Ought I to hand in my composition now? 我现在就应该把作文交上吗?4.should表示“推测”,常意为“按道理说应该”。It sho
12、uld be Mike who has taken away all the materials. 应该是迈克拿走了所有的材料。5. should可以表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失望等，多用于It is necessary that句型。Its surprising that Mary should love such a person as Jack. 玛丽竟然爱上像杰克这样的人,真是奇怪。6.should have done表示“本应该做某事而没有做”，否定式则表示在“本不该做某事但已经做了”。It was an easy test and he should have passed, but
13、 he didnt. 那个测试很容易，他本来应该通过的，但却没有。You should have told her the truth.你本应该告诉她真相的。7.suggest, order, require that从句常用“should do”, should 可省。I suggest that we (should) have lunch right now. 我建议我们现在就吃午饭。六、情态动词need和dare用法1.need用作情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句，后接动词原形。Need I hand in my homework now？我现在就要交家庭作业吗？I neednt go
14、this week.这星期我不必去。2.neednt have done表示“本没必要做某事但实际上做了”。I neednt have borrowed the money yesterday. 昨天我根本不需要借钱的。3. need用作实意动词，接名词、代词、不定式作宾语。need doing=need to be done表示需要做。My shirt needs a button.我的衬衫需要一枚钮扣。My car needs repairing=My care needs to be repaired.我的车该修理了。4.dare用作情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句，只有dare和dare
15、d两种形式。He dare not drive too fast on the rainy day.下雨天他不敢开得太快。I wonder how he dare say such things.我真奇怪他怎么竟敢说出这样的话。5.dare用作实意动词，接名不定式作宾语。He dared me to jump over the stream.他激我跳过小溪。Did anyone dare to admit it?有人敢于承认吗？6. I dare say.我想,大概,可能,或许.I dare say things will improve.我想情况会好转的。七、情态动词+have done用法对比1.cant have done表示“不可能做了某事”。The money cant have been lost there. 钱不可能是在那儿丢的。Where can he have gone? 他可能到哪儿去了呢？2.could have done本可以做某事。否定式表示“不可能做了某事”。You could have been more considerate. 你其实可以想的更周到些。She couldnt have left so soon. 她不可能这么快就走了。3.may/might h
