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1、m延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换初中英语2009-06-01 08:28:44阅读11评论0 字号：大中小订阅 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一. 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如： learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay 等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有：for+段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here;since+时间点名词,sinc
2、e last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time 等。例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. Istayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year?二. 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如 如:open, die, close, begin,finish, come, go, move, bor
3、row, lend, buy 等。 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如： two years ago; at 5 oclock; 例:He died 5 years ago.否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例：l havent left here for 3 years. I havent heard from him for 3 weeks.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换： leave - be away, borrow - keep, buy - have, begin/start - be on, die - be dead, finish - be
4、 over, join -be in+组织机构，be a member of+组织机构，open sth - keep sth open, fall ill - be ill, get up-be up, catch a cold - have a cold, come here- be here, go there - be there, become - be, come back - be back, fall asleep - be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach - be (in), leave - be away from, get to know - k
5、now, go (get) out be out, put on wear； catch a cold have a cold 等。例:The old man died 4 years ago.The old man has been dead for 4 years. It is 4 years since the old man died. Four years has passed since the old man died. Hejoined the Party 2 years ago. He has been in the Party for 2 years.I bought th
6、e book 5 days ago. I have had the book for 5 days.补充练习：1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been awayD. had been away2. I the League for 5 years so far.A. joined B. have joined C. have been in3. The factory since the February of 1988.A . has been
7、open B. has opened C. was open D. opened4. Mary and Rose friends since they met in 2000.A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become5. You mustnt u n t i l he comes back.A. be away B. leave C. be left6. The meeting for a week now.A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over7. Miss Gao this scho
8、ol for nearly 5 years.A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught8. Ben a teacher for 4 years .A. has been B. has become C. was D. became9. I home for a week.A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long he ?A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead11. He at eight yesterday afternoon.A. sl
9、ept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12. He the car for a week.A. bought B. has bought C. has had13. How long you ill ? Two weeks.A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14.Since 2000, he his hometown.A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from15.Ill lend you the book , but you can on
10、ly it for 2 days.A. borrow B. keep C. take16. The bus on the road for 2 hours so far.A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been17. Are you the jacket these days?A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on18. He foe 2 hours.A. got up B. has got up C. has been up19. Tom is ill in hospital. He a cold for sev
11、eral days.A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had20. How long can I the book? Two weeks.A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keepKey:1-5 D C A B B; 6-10 C A A B C; 11-15 B C C C B; 16-20 C A C DD想学好英语，首先要培养对英语的兴趣。“兴趣是最好的老师”,兴趣是学习英语的巨大动力，有 了兴趣，学习就会事半功倍。我们都有这样的经验：喜欢的事，就容易坚持下去；不喜欢的事， 是很难坚持下去的。而兴趣不是与生俱来的，需要培养。
12、有的同学说：“我一看到英语就头疼， 怎么能培养对英语的兴趣呢？”还有的同学说：“英语单词我今天记了明天忘，我太笨了，唉，我 算没治了。”这都是缺乏信心的表现。初学英语时，没有掌握正确的学习方法，没有树立必胜的 信心，缺乏了克服困难的勇气，丧失了上进的动力，稍遇失败，就会向挫折缴枪，向困难低头。 你就会感到英语是一门枯燥无味的学科，学了一段时间之后，学习积极性也逐渐降低，自然也就 不会取得好成绩。但是，只要在老师的帮助下，认识到学英语的必要性，用正确的态度对待英语 学习，用科学的方法指导学习。开始时多参加一些英语方面的活动，比如 ，唱英文歌、做英语 游戏、读英语幽默短文、练习口头对话等。时间长了
13、，懂得多了，就有了兴趣，当然，学习起来 就有了动力和欲望。然后，就要像农民一样勤勤恳恳，不辞辛苦，付出辛勤的劳动和汗水，一定 会取得成功，收获丰硕的成果。毕竟是 No pains, no gains 吗。练好基本功是学好英语的必要条件，没有扎实的英语基础，就谈不上继续学习，更谈不上有所成 就。要想基本功扎实，必须全神贯注地认真听讲,上好每一节课，提高课堂效率，脚踏实地、一 步一个脚印地，做到以下“五到”：一、“心到”。在课堂上应聚精会神，一刻也不能懈怠，大脑要始终处于积极状态，思维要活跃、 思路要开阔，心随老师走，听懂每一句话，抓住每一个环节，理解每一个知识点，多联想、多思 考，做到心领神会。
14、二、“手到”。学英语，一定要做课堂笔记。因为人的记忆力是有限的，人不可能都过目不忘，记 忆本身就是不断与遗忘作斗争的过程。常言说，“好脑筋不如烂笔头”。老师讲的知识可能在课堂 上记住了，可是过了一段时间，就会忘记，所以，做好笔记很有必要。英语知识也是一点点积累 起来的，学到的每一个单词、词组以及句型结构，都记在笔记本上，甚至是书的空白处或字里行 间，这对以后的复习巩固都是非常方便的。三、“耳到”。在课堂上，认真听讲是十分必要的，不但要专心听老师对知识的讲解，而且要认真 听老师说英语的语音、语调、重音、连读、失去爆破、断句等发音要领，以便培养自己纯正地道 的英语口语。听见听懂老师传授的每一个知识
15、点，在头脑里形成反馈以帮助记忆；理解领会老师 提出的问题，以便迅速作答，对比同学对问题的回答，以加深对问题的理解而取别人之长补自己 之短。四、“眼到”。在认真听讲的同时，还要双眼紧随老师观察老师的动作、口形、表情、板书、绘图、 教具展示等。大脑里形成的视觉信息和听觉信息相结合，印象就会更加深刻。五、“口到”。学习语言，不张嘴不动口是学不好的，同学们最大的毛病是读书不出声，害羞不敢 张嘴。尤其是早读课，同学们只是用眼看或默读，这样就只有视觉信息，而没有听觉信息在大脑 里的反馈，当然记忆也不会太深刻，口部肌肉也得不到锻炼，也就很难练就一口纯正的英语。所 以，要充分利用早晨头脑清醒的时间，大声朗读；课堂上要勇跃回答老师提问、积极参与同学间 讨论和辩论，课下对不清楚的问题及时提出，要克服害羞心理，不耻下问。对学过的课文要多读、 勤读、苦读，可以跟录音机读，竭力模仿其语音语调以纠正发音，要读得抑扬顿挫朗朗上口，一 些精典文章最好能背得滚爪烂熟。利用一切可能的机会，练习英语口语，比如，与外教交流、参 加“英语角”活动、与同学进行对话、讲英语故事、唱英文歌曲、演英语短剧、进行诗歌朗诵等。 除了对课本中的范文要细读精读之外，还要多看些适合我们中学生的课外读物，既可增长知识， 又开阔了我们的视野，也提高了我们的阅读水
