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1、最新2019新版人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点汇总Unit 1 What s the matter?、基础知识1. What s the matter怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/ m?t ?(r)/n.问题；事情What s the matter with you?= What s the trouble with you? = What你怎么了？ with you?【注】：matter和trouble为名词， 其前可加the或形容词性物主代词，wrong是adj.不能加the【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用.即:Wha
2、t s the matter with sb.? = What s your trouble?= What s up? = What happens to sb.?What s the matter with you ? I have a bad cold.2. I had a cold.我感冒了 . have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu 感冒have a fever 发烧 have a cough 咳嗽 have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼3. 身体部位+ache (
3、疼痛)构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache 后背痛4. much too+形容词，意为太 ，too much+名词，意为 很多，大量.5. enough【形容、副词】足够的 /地，enough放在名前后，形副后.good enough足够好，enough money=much money6. lie down躺下，lie躺，躺着，过去式 lay; lie说谎，过去式lied7. maybe或许”常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子 .Maybe you a
4、re right.may be,是情态动词+be的结构，意为 可能，也许”后加名词、代词或形容词.He may be angry.sound like+ 名词代词和从句： It sounds like you don t know the truth.It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容词，听起来，好像 ” The music sounds nice.9. need需要，实义动词 n eed+名词，需要某物；n eed to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You n eed to liste n carefully during c
5、lass.n eed doi ng sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes n eedwashi ng.10. get off (the bus)下(公交车)get on 上车11. agree同意，赞同；agree with sth. 同意某事女口： I agree with that idea.agree to sb. 同意某人的意见女口： I agree to LiLei.12. trouble 问题，麻烦；be in trouble 遇到麻烦，make trouble 制造麻烦 ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have
6、difficulties(in) doing sth 做有麻烦.13. right away=right now=at once ，意为 马上 .14. advice不可数名词劝告，建议，向 征求意见，give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议；advise 动词 advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事advise sb. doing sth.【复习】exercise练习、锻炼当exercise意为练习”时，为可数名词即可加s当exercise意为 锻炼时，为不可数名词即不加s16. hurt及物动词，使 疼痛,受伤， He hurt his leg wh
7、ile exercis ing.# / 12不及物动词， （部位）疼. His leg hurt badly.,cleaner意为清洁工clean【动词】打扫，clean the classroom打扫教室，【形容词】干净的18. hit(用手或器具)打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子， in用在所打较软的部位广 be used to sth./ doing
8、 sth.习惯于、适应了 、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was used to country life.Mary is not used to gett ing up early in the morning. 变得习惯，逐渐适应”强调过程、动作：It s difficult for one to get used to another country s habit.20.【复习】free 形容词空闲的free time;免费的the drink is for free ;自由的free【动词】使解脱，得到自由： He could not free his arm.run o
9、ut 用完，用尽When his water run out , he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.物sth. run out.某物用尽了 .人 sb. run out of sth. 人用尽了某物 .He run out of all his money last night.22. risk (sb.) to do sth.冒险去做某事take a risk=take risks 冒险23. the importa nee of (doi ng) sth.(做)某事的重要性We stude nts
10、 should know the importa nee of (lear ning) En glish.importaneen.重要(性)，important adj.重要的，unimportantadj.不重要的decisi on【名词】 决定； 抉择； make a decisi on做决定 ;make a decisi on to do sth.= decide to do sth.25. be in the con trol of 掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the con trol of this new school.be out of control无
11、法控制，无法管理be under control被控制住，在控制之中26. 【复习】mind意为 介意，mind doing sth.介意做某事，Would you mind my ope ning the win dow?27. give up (doing) sth.放弃(做)某事，s;give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如：Never give up easily.二、重点语法【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致数 人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself herself
12、itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【用法】1. 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物女口： Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well.2. 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物.女口：She isn t quite herself today.3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气.女口： She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himse
13、lf last week.4. 用在某些固定短语当中.最新2019新版人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点汇总enjoy on eself玩得高兴，过得愉快help on eself to sth请自用（随便吃/喝些）.hurt on eself摔伤自己say to on eself自言自语leave sb. by on eself把某人单独留下buy on eself sth.给自己买东西in troduce on eself 介绍 自己最新2019新版人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点汇总1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用.女口：我自己能完成作业.（误） Myself
14、 can finish my homework.（正）I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.2. 反身代词表示 某人自己”不能表示 某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式表达 某人自己的（东西）”时，须 要用 one s own.女口：我用我自己的蜡笔画画.（误）I m drawing with myself crayons.（正）I m drawing with my own crayons.Unit 2 I help to clean up the city parks一、基本知识点1. sick
15、生病的，有病的；可在句中作表语也可作定语 a sick child【区别ill】ill与sick同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语.2. cheer （sb.） up （让某人）变得高兴； 振奋起来The good n ews cheered up every one in our class.3. give out 分发； 散发，相当于 hand out. The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.give sth. out to sb.意为把某物分发给某人4. volu nteer【名词】志愿者【动词】义务做，自愿做（某事）volu nteer to do sth.自愿做某事，The girls could volun teer in an after-school study program.5. used to do sth.过去/曾经（常）做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生There used
