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1、非谓语动词知识结构框架1. 非谓语动词的含义及种类2. 不定式的含义与作用3. 不定式的时态语态和否定形式（及主动表被动）4. 不定式的省略问题5. 不定式与疑问词的连用6. 不定式的复合结构7. 动名词的含义与作用8. 动名词的时态和语态及否定式9. 动名词复合结构用法10. 分词（现在分词和过去分词）的作用11. 分词的时态和语态12. 分词和不定式作状语的区别13. 分词和不定式作宾语补足语的区别14. 非谓语动词作定语的区别15. 分词逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致的原则及独立结构的用法。课时及其内容安排分为三课时：第一课时：框架1-6第二课时：框架7-11第三课时：框架12-15第二课时
2、内容一、动词-ing形式作主语1. Singing and dancing is Judys favorite.2. Being praised in class made Eric so happy that she did even better in her studies.3. My father thinks it is a waste of time watching soap operas for me.4. His parents watching the game gives Wang Hao a lot of encouragement.【规律】1. 动词-ing或动词-i
3、ng短语作主语，应放在句首；动词-ing形式通常表示习惯性动作，作主语时谓语用单数。如句1。2. 动词-ing形式有时可用被动形式，既可以放在句中，又可以放在句首；其形式为“being done”。如句2。3. 动词-ing形式可以用于it作形式主语的结构中，动词-ing放在后面，作真正的主语。如句3。4. 动词-ing形式可构成复合结构，即在动词-ing形式前加上逻辑主语（形容词性物主代词；代词宾格；名词；名词所有格），常在句中作主语和宾语。作主语时，其逻辑主语必须用其形容词性物主代词形式，如句4。二、动词-ing形式作宾语1. My sister suggested spending th
4、e holiday in Beijing. 2. Sue narrowly escaped being hit by the running truck.3. Mr Liu insisted on having heard the boss say so that day.【规律】1. 动词-ing形式在句中作宾语通常要跟在某些动词或短语后面。动词有admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, risk, resist, suggest等
5、；动词短语有think of, dream of, insist on, depend on, look forward to, cant help等。如句1。2. 动词-ing形式可用被动形式，通常为“being done”形式。如句2。3. 动词-ing形式还可以用完成形式，通常为“having done”形式。如句3。同时完成式可以有被动形式，通常为“having been done”。三、某些动词在动词-ing形式和动词不定式中的意义1. I prefer to share the cake with the new classmate.2. Mark regretted tellin
6、g a lie to his parents and teacher.3. I shall remember seeing Mary for the first time forever.4. I forgot to water the flowers for Miss White when she was out.5. Ted advised us to have a walk after dinner along the beach.6. Ted advised having a walk after dinner along the beach. 【规律】1. 下列动词可接动词-ing形
7、式和动词不定式且意思相差不大。begin, start, hate, like, love, continue, prefer etc. 如句1。2. 下列动词（短语）可接动词-ing形式和动词不定式但表示不同意义。remember, forget, regret, try, mean, go on etc. 如句2，3，4。3. allow, advise, forbid, permit等词后，一般用动词-ing形式作宾语，但如果后面带有不定式，不定式常带有自己的逻辑主语，也就是说，这种不定式不是句子的动词宾语，而是宾补。如句5，6。一、动词-ing形式作定语1. I get into th
8、e reading room to find the magazines I like. = I get into the room for reading to find the magazines I like.2. I saw a sleeping boy under the tree. = I saw a boy who was sleeping under the tree.3. Have you ever seen the girl singing on the stage?4. The girl playing the piano is my sister.5. Among th
9、e students to take part in the party, Anna is the most active one.【规律】1. 单个的动词-ing形式可放在名词前作前置定语，表示该名词的用途和功能。可转换成for短语修饰该名词，此时-ing为动名词。如句1。2. 说明名词的动作、性质和特征，与所修饰名词是主谓关系。此时-ing为现在分词。常可转换成定语从句。如句2。3. 如果是动词-ing短语，那么应该放在被修饰名词的后面。如句3。4. 动词-ing形式作定语，多表示正在进行或经常性、习惯性的动作。而不定式作定语一般表示将要发生的动作。如句4和句5。二、动词-ing形式作表语
10、1. Their plan is driving to Sanya for a holiday.2. The test results have been very discouraging.【规律】1. 动名词作表语，表示主语的具体内容。如句1。2. 现在分词作表语，表示主语的特征性质。如句2。三、动词-ing形式作宾补1. The teacher heard students reading English aloud when she passed by the classroom.2. It was raining last Sunday, so my parents left me
11、staying at home.3. Youd better not have your four-year-old kid learning English now.【规律】动词-ing形式作宾补时，与其逻辑主语构成主谓关系。常用在以下动词或短语之后，构成复合结构某些感官动词：see; watch; observe; look at; hear; listen to; notice; smell; feel; taste, etc.如句1；某些常构成复合结构的动词：leave; keep; find; set; catch, etc. 如句2；某些使役动词：have; get, etc. 如
12、句3。 动词的-ing形式的一般式作状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作（或状态）是同时或几乎同时发生的，它的逻辑主语通常应是句子的主语。动词-ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，可作时间、原因、伴随或方式、条件、结果、让步状语或表示补充说明等，而且均可转换为相应的状语从句或并列句。1. Receiving the money that could save his daughter, the man couldnt help crying out.2. Having driven all day, we were rather tired.3. While wal
13、king my dog in the park, I came across a friend of mine.4. Playing computer games all day, you will surely fail in the exam. 5. Luck looked at the old photos, missing her classmates in college.6. Being a student, Wendy isnt allowed to buy any expensive dresses. 7. Not having received any message fro
14、m Lily, I had to call her again. 8. The hunter fired, shooting one of the wolves. 9. Though raining heavily, it is still a little hot. 10. The waste may be buried under the ground, depending on the nature of the materials.11. Its freezing cold today. I dont want to go anywhere but to stay at home.【规
15、律】1. 动词-ing形式的一般式可作时间状语，所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生。如句1，相当于When he received the money that could save his daughter, the man couldnt help crying out. 动词-ing形式的完成式作状语时，所表示的动作是在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的。如句2。在作时间状语的动词-ing形式的一般式之前，可以加连词while、when或介词after、before、on等。如句3。2. 动词-ing形式可作条件状语。如句4，相当于If you play computer games all day, you will surely fail in the exam.3. 动词-ing形式可作伴随或方式状语，通常置于句尾。如句5。4. 动词-ing形式可作原因状语。如句6，相当于Because she is a student, Wendy isnt allowed to buy any expensive dresses.动词-ing形式作原因状语时，其否定形式为直接将not置于动词-ing形式之前。如句7，相当于Because I hadnt received any message from Lily, I had to call her
