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1、汉译英常用结构和句型一、主语（一）主语的确定：汉语中长主语，短谓语的句子翻译，即戏称“头大身子小”的句型。【“尾重”原则（end weight ）】1. 我国政府愿意在平等互利、相互开放、长期合作、共同发展的基础上，进一步加强同亚 洲各国的经济合作和贸易交流。The Chinese government stands ready to further strengthen economic cooperation and trade ties with other Asia nations on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, mutual
2、openness, long-term cooperation and common development.2. 未来老百姓的生活会更好。x The life of the people in the future will be better.7 The people will lead/ live a better life in the future.3. 中国加入世贸组织后，外商参与中国西部开发的机会将越来越多。x The opportunities for foreign businesses to participate in Chinas development of the
3、western region will increase.7 Foreign businesses will have more and more opportunities to participate in Chinas development of the western region.4. 浙江大学建校100 年来，办学取得了巨大成功。x Zhejiang University has been established for more than 100 years, and made great achievements / made a huge success in its sc
4、hool running.7 Zhejiang University has made great achievements / made a huge success in its school running since its establishment 100 years ago.5. 该产品的主要特点是工艺精湛，经久耐用。This product is chiefly characterized by its fine workmanship and durability.6. 语言这个东西不是随便就可以学好的，非下苦工夫不可。The mastery of language is n
5、ot easy and requires painstaking effort.7. 如今，年过半百的他还是时常想起自己童年时代的玩伴。Even now, memories of his childhood playmates haunt the man in his fifties.8. 我们相信，在新的一年里，通过双方的努力，我们的业务和友好合作关系会得到发展。 We believe we will be able to develop business relations and friendly cooperation through our common efforts in the
6、 coming year.9. 尽管己退居二线，他的工作热情丝毫不减。He works enthusiastically as ever even though he has retired from the leading post.10. 我来到杭州教书，完全是一个巧合。It has been an unexpected piece of luck for me to become a teacher in Hangzhou.11. 进行社会主义现代化建设，必须尊重知识，尊重人才。In our drive for socialist modernization, we must respe
7、ct knowledge and talented people.（二）名词化12. 捕获萨达姆侯赛因并不意味着在伊拉克的冲突会就此结束。The capture of Saddam Hussein does not mean the end of conflict in Iraq.13. 医疗服务不能改变预期寿命，许多当代的临床护理在治病中所起的作用也并不重要，这 些事实都是有据可查的。The impotence of medical services to change life expectancy and insignificance of much contemporary clini
8、cal care in the curing of disease are all well-documented.14. 中国加入世界贸易组织，将为中国和亚洲以及世界各国各地区经济的发展注入新的活 力。Chinas entry into the WTO will instill new vitality into the economic growth of China as well as other countries and regions in Asia and beyond.15. 坚持一个中国的原则，是实现和平统一的基础和前提。Adherence to the principle
9、 of one China is the basis and premise for peaceful reunification.16. 如果英国同意进行克隆，这将是世界上的首例。这也会促进其他国家放松对于胚胎研究 的限制。UKs approval of cloning, a world first, would encourage other countries to ease restrictions on embryo research.17. 两代人缺乏交流，代沟不断加深，这使得一些家庭深感烦恼。The widening generation gap resulting from t
10、he lack of communications between generations is upsetting some families.18. 新的景点不断出现，观光人数不断增加，地区经济也有了很大发展。The emergence of one new scenic spot after another and the influx of more and more tourists have also boosted the economy of the region.19. 黄色书刊及音像制品现己难觅踪迹，这证明了中国的扫黄运动正在取得进展。The disappearance o
11、f such materials as pornographic and obscene books, periodicals and tapes is proof that Chinas campaign against porns is making progress.20. 农民缺乏培训，许多农场生产效率低下，这就使得大多数农民处于贫困的困境。 Inadequate training for farmers and the low productivity of many farms place the majority of country dwellers in a disadvan
12、tageous position in their own countries.21. 汽车数量与日俱增，大气污染日益加重，让城市的居民们倍感恼火。The urban dwellers are/feel exasperated by the constantly growing number of cars / automobiles and the increasingly severe air pollution.二、定语22. 产生的热量等于消耗了的电能。The heat produced is equal to the electrical energy wasted.23. 当向上的
13、力与向下的力相等时，气球就保持在这一高度。The balloon stays at the level when the force upward equals the force downward.24. 据报道，今年全国应届大学毕业生面临前所未有的就业压力。It is reported that the graduates fresh from college all over the country this year are faced with unprecedented pressure of employment.25. 一切物质，不论是气态、液态，还是固态，都由原子组成。All
14、 substances, whether gaseous, liquid or solid, are made of atoms.26. 上海的许多大公司都专门设有售后服务中心，接受维修业务和处理客户投诉，目的在于 与国际接轨。Many large companies in Shanghai have geared themselves to the international conventions by setting up after-sales services to accept repairs and deal with customers complaints.27. 从新闻媒介
15、所暴露的情况来看，不正之风在一些地区已非常严重，必须采取严格措施刹 住这股歪风。Some austere measures should be taken to check the unhealthy tendencies which, according to the press exposures, were rampant in some localities.28. 经济全球化是当今世界经济发展的客观趋势，其基本特征是资本、技术、商品、信息和 服务在全球范围内自由流动和优化配置，使世界各国经济相互依存、相互影响日益加深， 给世界各国经济发展带来了新的动力和机遇。Economic glo
16、balization is the objective trend of the economic development in the world today, featured by the free flow and optimized allocation of capital, technology, information and service in the global context, making the economic interdependence and interaction between various countries ever stronger, and has brought about new driving forces and opportunities for the eco
