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1、个性化辅导教案讲义任教科目英语授课题目现在完成时 被动语态年 级：八年级任课教师：陈双莲授课对象：王梓恒武汉龙文个性化教育常青校区教研组组长签字：教学主任签名：日 期：龙文教育教育是一项良心工程中小学1对1课外辅导专家武汉龙文教育学科辅导讲义授课对象王梓恒授课教师陈双莲授课时间2月 日授课题目现在完成时，被动语态课型新授课使用教具笔、讲义、白纸教学目标1掌握常用动词的过去式与过去分词2掌握现在完成时的结构与用法3掌握被动语态的结构与用法教学重点和难点1不规则动词的过去式与过去分词2非持续性动词与持续性动词在完成时中的使用3不同时态中的被动语态4用主动表示被动的用法参考教材新目标八年级下教学流程
2、及授课详案一现在完成时1. 概念：表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果eg: - Have you had your lunch yet ?你吃过午饭了吗？Yes, I have just had it.是的，我刚吃过.（说明现在饱了）I have lost my pen.我把钢笔弄丢了.（过去某时丢的，现在还没有找到）I have already watched the TV play.我已经看过这部电视剧了.-Have you found your lost pen yet ?你找到丢失的钢笔了吗？-No, I havent found it yet.不，我还没有找到.
3、表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常和for, since连用表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词.eg: We have lived here since 2000.自从2000年以来我们一直住在这里.（说明一直住在这里，也许还会住下去.）2. 结构：主语 + have / has + done + .3. 时间状语：常与 already, yet, ever, never, for + 段时间，since, just, before, so far, by now, these days连用.注意：already, yet,常和现在完成时连用，already用于肯定
4、句，可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前，可放在句末.yet用在疑问句中意为”已经”，用在否定句中表示”还”，常放在句末. eg: He has just come here since 2000.他从北京回来.Have you ever been to Shanghai ?你去过上海吗？I have never traveled by plane before.我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过.I havent heard of it before.我以前从来没有听说过这件事.I have been in Beijing for two years.我在北京已经两年了.4. 句型:肯定句：主语+ hav
5、e / has + done + .eg： She has been to Shanghai.她去过上海.eg: I have finished doing my homework.我已经完成我的作业了.否定句：主语 + have / has + not +done + .eg：I havent seen this film.我没有看过这部电影.eg：She hasnt finished doing his homework.她还没有完成她的作业.一般疑问句：Have / Has +主语+ done + .eg: Have you seen this film ? Yes, I have. /
6、 No, I havent .你看过这部电影吗？是的，看过./不，没有.eg： Has she finished doing his homework ? Yes, she has . / No, she hasnt.她完成她的作业了吗？是的，完成了. /不，没有.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ have / has +主语+ done + .eg:When has you seen this film ?你什么时候看的这部电影？eg:Who has finished doing his homework ? 谁完成了作业？5. 当与一段时间连用时，经常用for加一段时间，这时候谓语动词一定要用延续
7、性的.非延续性动词-延续性动词come be herego - be away / offborrow - keepbuy - havestart / begin - be onleave - be awaydie - be deadeg: He came here three days ago.他三天前来的这.（一般过去时）He has been here for three days.他来这已经三天了 .（现在完成时与一段时间连用，非延续性动词变延续性动词.）He went to Dalian last week.他上周去的大连.（一般过去时）He has been away for a
8、week.他已经离开有一周了.（现在完成时）I borrowed the book last month.我去年借的这本书.（一般过去时）I have kept the book for a week.我保管这本书有一周了.（现在完成时）6. 词义辨析have been to去过（在本地）eg: I have been to Canada.我去过加加拿大.have gone to去了（不在本地）eg: He has gone to Dalian.他去了 大连.【随堂演练】1. - Hello! Can I speak to Alice ? - Sorry, she isnt here righ
9、t now. Sheto the shop.A. goesB. will goC. has goneD. was going2. - When did you become a volunter ?- Two years ago. Ithis group since then.A. have joined inB. have joined toC. have been inD. have been to3.-youto the National Grand Theater ?-No, not yet.A. Did, goB. Do, goC. Have, goneD. Have, been4.
10、 -So far the governmenta lot for the Olympic Games.-So it has. Were all looking forward to this event.A. doesB. is doingC. has doneD. will do5. Johns car is not here. I think hesomewhere.A. goesB. wentC. has goneD. will go6. DavidChinese since 20 years ago, and now he speaks it quite well.A. learnsB
11、. learnedC. has learnedD. will learn7. -Wheres Mr White ?-Hethe wash room.A. has been toB. has gone toC. is going toD. goes to8. -What do you think of the new film ?-Its wonderful. Iit twice.-A. sawB. have seenC. will seeD. see9. -youhim around the museum yet ?-Yes, we had a great time there.A. Do;
12、showB.Did; showC. Have; shownD. Will; show二被动语态1.概念：主语被2. 构成： be + done3被动语态的用法：在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于以下几种情况: 不知道动作的执行者是谁.如：This watch is made in China.这块手表是中国制造的. 没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁.如：More trees must be planted every year.每年都应该种更多的树. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者时.如：Chines is spoken by more and more people in the world
13、.世界上越来越多的人说汉语.(强调汉语的使用广泛) 句子的主语是动作的承受者.Many houses were washed away in the flood.许多房屋被洪水冲走了.4.各种时态的被动语态(中考要求掌握三咱时态的被动语态，以及情态动词的被动语态)一般现在时的被动语态主语+ be ( am / is are ) + done + .主动语态：We clean the classroom.我们打扫教室.被动语态：The classroom is cleaned by us.教室被我们打扫. 一般过去时的被动语态主语+ be ( was / were ) + done + .主动语
14、态：He made the kite.他做的风筝.被动语态：The kite was made by him.风筝被他做的. 一般将来时的被动语态主语+ will + be + done + .主动语态：They will plant trees tomorrow .他们明天将要种树.被动语态:Trees will be planted by them.树明天将要被他们种. 情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词 (can / may / must / need, .) + be + done + . 主动语态：I can find him.我能找到他.被动语态：He can be found by me.他能被我找到.了解现在进行时、过去进行时、进在完成时的被动语态。现在进行时的被动语态： 主语+ be ( am / is / are ) + being + done + . 过去进行时的被动语态： 主语+ be ( was / were ) + being + done + .现在完成时的被动语态：主语+ have / has + been + done + .5. 主动表被动有些词如write, sell, wash, open,等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义. look, sound, taste, smell等系动词用主动结构表被动
