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1、翻译理论与实践习题和答案 create new markets. Gone are the days when industrial goods were made to last forever. Theendearing,be “stolen.” Numerous states, in fact, have enacted laws allowing damages for “alienation of affections.” 这是许多人心目中普遍存在的一种错觉爱情，像商品一样，可以“偷走”。实际上，许多州都颁布法令，允许索取“情感转让”赔偿金。 3/ But love is not a
2、 commodity; the real thing cannot be bought, sold, traded or stolen. It is an act of the will, a turning of the emotions, a change in the climate of the personality.但是爱情并非商品；真情实意不可能购买，出售，交易，或者偷走。爱情是意愿之果，感情之向，是个性潮流之变。4/ When a husband or wife is “stolen” by another person, that husband or wife was al
3、ready ripe for the stealing, was already predisposed toward a new partner. The “lovebandit” was only taking what was waiting to be taken, what wanted to be taken.当丈夫或妻子被他人“偷走”，那个丈夫或妻子被“偷”的条件成熟，已经做好了接纳新伴侣的准备。这位“爱匪”不过是取走等候取走、盼望取走之物。5/ We tend to treat persons like goods. We ever speak of children “bel
4、onging” to their parents. But nobody “belongs” to anyone else; each person belongs to himself, and to God. Children are entrusted to their parents, and if their parents do not treat them properly, the state has a right to remove from their parents trusteeship.我们往往待人如物。我们甚至说孩子“属于”父母。但是谁也不“属于”谁。每个个人只属
5、于自己，属于上帝。孩子是托付给父母的，如果父母不善待他们，州政府有权取消父母的托管。 6/ Most of us, when young, had the experience of a sweetheart being taken from us by somebody more attractive and more appealing. At the time, we may have resented this intruder but as we grew older, we recognized that the sweetheart had never been ours to
6、begin with. It was not the intruder that “caused” the break, but the lack of a real relationship.我们中的多数人年轻时也许都有过情人被某个更漂亮、更具魅力的人夺走的经历。当时，我们也许怨恨这位“窃贼”，但是，随年岁的增长，我们认识到：所谓情人，原本就不属于我们。不是“窃贼”“导致”决裂，而是本来就缺乏真实的关系。 7/ On the surface, many marriages seem to break up because of a “third party.” This is, howeve
7、r, a psychological illusion. The other woman or the other man merely serves as a pretext for dissolving a marriage that had already lost its essential integrity.从表面上看，许多婚姻似乎是因为有了“第三者”才破裂的。然而这只是一种心理幻觉。那个女人，或者那个男人，实际上掩盖了一个已经失却真正意义的婚姻的解体。 8/ Nothing is more futile and more self-defeating than the bitte
8、rness of spurned love, the vengeful feeling that someone else has “come between” oneself and a beloved. This is always a distortion of reality, for people are not the captives or victims of others they are free agents, working out their own destinies for good or for ill.因爱情破裂而痛苦，因别人“插足”于自己与心上人之间而生复仇
9、之心，是最没有出息、最自欺欺人的了。这是对事实的歪曲，因为谁都没有给别人当俘虏或牺牲品，他们都是自由的，不论命运是好是坏，都自己来做主。 9/ But the rejected lover or mate cannot afford to believe that his beloved has freely turned away from him and so he ascribes sinister or magical properties to the interloper. He calls him a hypnotist or a thief or a home-breaker.
10、 In the vast majority of cases, however, when a home is broken, the breaking has begun long before any “third party “ has appeared on the scene. 但是，遭离弃的情人或配偶无法相信他的心上人是自由地背离他的，因而他归咎于插足者心术不正或迷人有招。他把他叫做催眠师、窃贼或家庭破坏者。然而，从大多数事例看，一个家的破裂，是早在什么“第三者”出现之前就开始了的。 参考译文：1/ 佛罗里达州的一位读者显然是在个人生活中受过创伤，他写信抱怨：“如果我偷了五分钱的商
11、品，我便是个贼，便要受罚，但是，如果我从别人那里横刀夺爱，却没事。” 2/ 这是一个普遍的误解：爱情，犹如商品，可以“偷走”。实际上，许多州都颁布了法令，允许索取“情感转让”赔偿金。3/ 然而，爱情并非商品；真爱，买不到、卖不了、不能交换、也不能偷盗。爱情，是意志行为，是感情转折，是个性风标的转向。4/ 当丈夫或妻子被“盗”，其实，该丈夫或该妻子被“盗”的时机已经成熟，他/她早已移情别恋，“爱匪”盗走之物，等候盗贼的光顾久矣。5/ 我们往往视人如物。我们总是说孩子“属于”父母。但是，在这个世界上，谁也不“属于”谁。每个人只属于自己，属于上帝。孩子不过是托付给了父母，如果父母不善待孩子，州政府有
12、权取消父母的托管权。6/ 或许，我们中的多数人，年轻时也许都有过这样的经历：情人被某个更漂亮、更具魅力的人夺走了！当时，我们怨恨过这位“入侵者”，但是，随年岁的增长，我们认识到：所谓情人，原本就不属于我们。不是“入侵者”导致决裂，而是本来就缺乏坚实的关系。7/ 从表面上看，许多婚姻好像毁在“第三者”手里。然而，这只是一种心理幻觉。第三者不过是一个表象，它瓦解了一个早就失却了其内在完整性的婚姻而已。8/ 世上最没有出息、最自欺欺人之事莫过于因失却爱情而痛苦，因第三者的“插足”而萌生复仇之念。这其实是对事实的歪曲，因为人，并非他人的“俘虏”或“牺牲品”，他们都是自由的，命运是好是坏，都应该自己作主
13、。9/ 然而，遭离弃的情人或配偶实在无法相信他心爱的人是自觉自愿地离他而去的，因此，他归咎于插足者心术不正或迷人有招。他把他叫做催眠士、窃贼或家庭杀手。然而，从大多数事例看，一个家庭的破裂，远远早于第三者“登场”之前。第10讲 英汉十大差异请将以下短文译成汉语：原文：Americans Eat Out More often and Less Healthfully Although food cooked at home is far more healthful than meals eaten at restaurants, Americans are dining out more th
14、an ever, the U.S. Agriculture Department said Tuesday. Restaurant food accounted for（在数量，比例方面 占） 39 percent of U.S. meals bought in 1996, up from 26 percent in 1970, the department said in a report, Away-From-Home Foods Increasingly Important to Quality of American Diet. While（尽管）the nutritional qua
15、lity（营养质量）of foods consumed by Americans has improved overall, foods prepared at home are generally much more healthful than away-from-home foods, the department said. Despite nutritional gains at home, Americans will find it difficult to improve their diets because they purchase so many meals outsi
16、de the home, the study said. While （尽管）the nutritional content of food prepared both at home and in restaurants has improved in recent years, food eaten out contains more of the nutrients Americans typically（一般地；通常） eat too much of, including fat and saturated fat（饱和脂肪）, and less of what is lacking from most diets, such as calcium, fiber and iron. The depa
