《Of-Studies-论读书.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Of-Studies-论读书.docx（4页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 Of Studies 论读书To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning (
2、pruning) by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in/ by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by obser
3、vation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read
4、, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled wat
5、ers, flashy things. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he d
6、oth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.Abeunt studia in morse. (Studeis go to make up a mans character. ”?-be-“unt-”st-dE-“?-“in-”mO-“rAs) Nay there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may
7、 be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach ; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man”s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics;
8、for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again.If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. (Hair-splitters sim-mini sek-torr-es)If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one th
9、ing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers” cases.So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.-培根 论读书 读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处 世判事之际。 练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹，全局筹划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。 读书补自然之缺乏，阅历又补读书之缺乏，盖天生才能如同自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不以阅历范之，则又大而无当。 有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观看得之。 读书时不行故意诘难读者，不行尽信书上所言，亦不行只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。 书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只需读其局部者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作
