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1、初二年级上册英语总结Module 1一、语法1. Why dont you do . ? 提建 2. Why not do . ? Thanks!议的 3. You should (shouldnt) do . . 回答 Good!表达 4. Its a good idea to do . . Excellent!方式 5. Try (not) to do . . 6. How about/ What about doing . ?二、重点句子1. You should speak English in class.2. You should write down your mistakes
2、in your notebooks.3. Why dont you write down the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes?4. How about listening to the radio or reading a newspaper in English?5. Try not to translate every word.6. Everyone should have a pen friend and write email messages to each other.7. Its a good idea t
3、o check your vocabulary notebook every day.Module 24现在完成时：1. 过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成了一定的影响和后果;2. 结构：由助动词have/has +动词的过去分词构成；肯定句现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）过去分词”。 注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。疑问句现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。回答：Yes, have（has）No, havent（hasnt）否定句：现在完成时的否定句式是“havent（hasnt）过去分词”。3. 现
4、在完成时的时间状语:already, just, yet, since, ever, never；4. 与一般过去时的区别：一般过去时是强调动作在过去发生，而现在完成时是强调过去发生的动作对现在造成了影响和后果。5. 一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, just now, ago, last week, 2 years ago,in 1980等。例：1. We planted (plant) some flowers in the garden last week.2. I have sent (send) the letter.3. He has come (come ) back
5、home, he is watching (watch) TV now.4. David finished (finish) his homework just now.5. The monkeys are full, because we have fed (feed) them.6. A: I have lost (lose) my purse! B. Bad luck! When did you lose (lose) it? A: I lost (lose) it last night.6. 与现在完成时连用的几个副词：already, just, ever, yet, never肯定
6、句: already, just疑问句和否定句: ever, yet, neveryet 常置于句末already, never, ever just一般置于助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前例：用 already, just或never, yet完成句子1) I have been to many big cities, but I never been to Shanghai.2) Most of us have already finished our compositions.3) Have they taken down the old pictures yet ? No, n
7、ot yet .4) He has already visited Beijing twice.5) I have just heard the news. I know it.7. 现在完成时中的for和since（1）for + 一段时间（用How long提问）We have known each other for ten years. 我们相识10年了。（2）since + 句子/具体时间since 引导的短语或从句用How long提问since过去一个时间点（具体的年、月、日、钟点等）。Tom has eaten nothing since yesterday.since + 一
8、段时间agoWe have been friends since five months ago. 从5个月前起，我们就成了朋友。since+从句，表示“自过去某个时间、某件事情以来”，从句时态：一般过去时。I have lived here since I left Shanghai.It is+一段时间since从句，表示“自从某件事发生已有一段时间了”。It is two years since I left school.8. 在含for或since引导的时间状语的现在完成时中，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。非延续性动词不能直接和for或since 连用。leave - be away d
9、ie - be deadbegin/start -be on come here - be here go there - be therecome back - be back fall asleep - be asleep get to/ arrive/reach - be (in) leave - be away fromgo (get) out be out open sth - keep sth openjoin - be in+组织机构/be a member of+组织机构borrow - keepbuy - have put on wear例：1. The old man di
10、ed 4 years ago. The old man has been dead for 4 years.2. It is 4 years since the old man died. Four years has passed since the old man died.3. He joined the Party 2 years ago. He has been in the Party for 2 years.4. I bought the book 5 days ago. I have had the book for 5 days. Module 5反意疑问句：用于对某一事物或
11、观点没有确切的把握，或者用于加强自己的观点。陈述句简短的一般疑问句 助动词/be动词/情态动词代词 肯定或否定 与陈述句的主语一致 肯定 否定 否定 肯定注意： 1. 反问部分的be动词，助动词或情态动词要与陈述句部分一致。2. 陈述句与反问句在时态和人称上要一致。3.当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时：few, little, seldom，hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如： He is never late for school, is he?He was n
12、ot at home at that time, wasnt he?May listens to pops everyday, doesnt she?We know nothing about him, do we?You havent heard of him, have you?4. 当句子为祈使句时，反问句一般用will you，表示请求或建议对方作某事，询问对方是否愿意。注：当祈使句为“Lets .”结构时，用shall we 反问。Drive more slowly, will you?Lets walk out of the library quietly, shall we?5.
13、 回答：看陈述句的肯定部分，当事实为肯定时，用Yes；事实为否定时，用No。当陈述句为否定句时，把否定部分忽略，只看肯定部分的意思。练习：1.Theres nothing wrong, _? 2.There wont be any trouble, _?3.Do sit down, _? 4.Dont forget to phone me, _? 5.Lets go, _? 6.Let us do it by ourselves, _?7.Jack has coffee with breakfast, _? 8.You have a TV set, _?9.She has lived here for 10 years,_?10. He put the book on the table,_?11、They usually play football after school, _ _? 12、Mary made few mistakes in the exam, _ _? 13、Theyll be on duty next Monday,_ _? 14、Tom didnt watch TV last night, _ _? 15、Shes been to Shanghai, _ _
