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1、2013年新高一初高中英语衔接英语五大基本句式解析英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下：S十V主谓结构 S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明：S主语；V谓语；P表语；O宾语；O1间接宾语；O2直接宾语；C宾语补足语看一看记一记1S十V句式在此句式中，V是不及物动词， (vi).例如:appear, die, disappear, laugh,fall happen ,come, go,last,
2、rise,come out,run out,break out,die out,take on, etc.He runs quickly.They listened carefully.The fire happened during the night.The gas has run out煤气用完了。5 He came back when we were eating6Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake， but strong ones may stay up巩固练习1：1她昨天回家很晚。 _2会议将持续两个小时。 _3在过去的十年
3、里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大._42013年，在雅安爆发了大地震。_5每天八时开始上课。 _2S十linkV十P句式本结构是由主语系动词表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有：1表示特征和存在状态的：be， seem， feel， appear， look， smell， taste， sound；2表示状态延续的：remain， stay， keep， continue， stand；3表示状态变化的：become， get， turn， go， run， fall， come， grow；将下面表语画线,想一想什么可做表语? 1.He is older than he
4、 looks2.He seems interested in the book3.My father remained a worker forty years later.4.The flowers smell sweet and nice5.You will turn engineer in ten years .6.He stood quite still他静静地站着。7.The boys dream is to become an engineer . 8.The question is whether we will have our sports meet next week. 9
5、.The bookstore is next to the post-office.10.The news that our city will hold 2013 Miss Tourism World Finals in China is exciting.巩固练习2：1冬季白天短，夜晚长._2十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。 _3孩子们很少保持安静。 _4她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。_5他失业了。_3S十V十O句式本结构是由主语及物的谓语动词宾语构成。宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。如：1 Tom made a hole in the wall2 I dont know if he
6、can come tomorrow3 They havent decided where to go next4 She stopped teaching English two years ago5 Mother promises to give me a present在此句式中，V是及物动词(vt)，因此有宾语。常见的宾语有名词,代词,不定时,动名词,宾语从句等 *有些动词只要求动词+-ing作宾语, 这类动词有:admit, advise, advocate(提倡), allow, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, endure(忍受)
7、, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, permit, prevent, quit, regret, require, resist(抵抗), risk, stop, suggest, understand, cant help (couldnt help), stand oppose等,请找出下列句子的宾语成分. I couldnt help feeling proud of our country. Someone suggested organizing an outing to the We
8、stern Hills.*某些动词词组也要求动词+-ing作宾语, 例如:give up, leave off, put off (注: 这些动词短语均为动词+副词结构)以及be accustomed to, be used to, be opposed to, be devoted to, feel like,look forward to, object to turn to,adapt to等。请找出下列句子的宾语成分.1.Mr. Smith gave up smoking according to his doctors advice.2. Do you feel like havin
9、g a walk with us in the woods by the sea?3.Some people in the rich world are opposed to doing business with poor countries.*有些动词后面可以跟动词不定式作宾语, 这类动词有: afford, agree, aim, arrange, ask, assist, attempt, (cant) bear, beg, begin, bother, choose, claim, continue, dare, decide, demand, deserve, desire, de
10、termine, dislike, endeavour, expect, fail, fear, forget, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, long, love, manage, mean ,need, neglect, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, propose, refuse, regret, remember, require, seek, start, strive, swear, tend, think, threaten, try, under
11、take, want, wish 等。请找出下列句子的宾语成分.Dont hesitate to ask me questions if you dont understand.Philip politely pretended not to have heard this remark.巩固练习3：1昨晚我写了一封信。 _2今天下午我想同你谈谈。_3这本书他读过多次了。 _4他们成功地完成了计划。_5.那先生能流利地说三种语言。_ 4S十V十O1十O2句式在此句式中，V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give，ask，bring，offer，send，pay，lend，sho
12、w，tell，buy，get；rob，warn等。例如：1.He gave me a book/a book to me他给我一本书。2.He brought me a pen/a pen to me他带给我一枝钢笔。来源：考试大3.He offered me his seat/his seat to me他把座位让给我。注意下边动词改写后介词的变化,用for：常见的此类词有:buy, choose, draw ,find ,fetch ,make, cook, spare, etc.4.Mother bought me a book/a book for me.妈妈给我买了一本书。来源：考试大5.He got me a chair/a chair for me他给我弄了一把椅子。注意:下边动词只有一种说法：1.They robbed the old man of his money他们抢了老人的钱。.The doctor has cured him of his disease医生治好了他的病。巩固练习4：1Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。 _2奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。_3请把那本字典递
