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1、并列连词并列连词可表示多种意义，但主要有四种，即表示并列、转折、选择、因果等。注意并列连词在句子中位置比较固定，定位于所连接的语言单位之间，两个并列连词不能并用,而可以与从属连词并用。1、表示并列关系的并列连词（1）并列连词and的用法 可以连接两个的词，多用于肯定句中。Go and fetch something to eat.（连接两个动词如go, come等表示目的）去取些吃的东西来。He started to shout and sing.他开始大叫并唱歌。Read it slowly and clearly.慢慢念，念清楚。The balloon flew higher and hi
2、gher.气球越飞越高。You can meet teachers and students.你会见到许多老师和学生。Proper diet and exercise are important to health.适当的饮食和锻炼对健康很重要。连接两个句子，表示因果、对比、条件、假设、目的等。They didnt catch the bus, and had to stay in a hotel for the night.他们没赶上汽车，只好在旅馆过夜。（因果）Mary likes music and Lily is fond of sports.玛丽喜欢音乐，莉莉爱好体育运动。（对比）W
3、ork hard and you will succeed.（条件，前面部分常为祈使句）如果你努力工作，就会成功。One more week and well accomplish the task.再一星期，我们就完成任务。（条件）（2）并列连词bothand, not onlybut also, as well as的用法bothand意为：“不但而且； 既又”，是并列连词，可以并列主语、宾语、表语、状语、谓语等成分。并列主语时谓语动词用复数形式。Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。The secreta
4、ry both speaks and writes Spanish.这位秘书不但能讲而且能写西班牙语。Both teaching and research work are making great strides.教学与科研都在大踏步前进。The delegates visited both New York and Boston.代表们既访问了纽约，又访问了波士顿。She both plays the piano and sings.她既会弹钢琴又会唱歌。Both she and the headmaster were pleased with the boy.她和校长都喜欢这个男孩。Th
5、e situation both at home and abroad is in our favor.国内外形势对我们都很有利。not onlybut also意为：“不但.而且”，是并列连词，可以连接两个词，也可连接两个句子。其中，but also中的also可以省略。a.连接两个成分not onlybut also可以连接句中所有的成分，连接并列主语时，其谓语动词根据就近原则，与所靠近的成分保持数的一致。Not only the students but (also) their teacher is enjoying the movie.不仅学生们津津有味地看着这部电影，而且他们的老师
6、也是如此。He can speak not only French but (also) English.他不但会讲法而且会讲英语。He not only had seen the film but also remembered what he had seen.他不仅看过那部影片，而且记得影片的内容。b.并列两个句子not onlybut also可以连接两个句子，not only位于句首时， not only后的句子要倒装。Not only is he a scientist, but he is also a fighter.他不但是位科学家而且还是名战士。Not only was e
7、vrything he had taken away, but his citizenship.不仅他的一切被拿走，而且他的国籍也被取消。as well as 其连词作用，表示“同、和、也”等。The editors as well as the proofreaders are working overtime.编辑和校对者都在加班工作。I have read his novels as well as his plays.我读过他的小说和剧本。when并列连词，意为“就在那时”I was about to leave when the telephone rang.我刚想走，突然电话铃响了
8、。We played outside till sunset, when it began to rain.我们在户外一直玩到太阳下山, 那时天下起雨来了。2、表示转折关系的并列连词这类连词连接两个含义不同的甚至是反义的词、短语或分句。常见的还有yet(然而)，while(而)，however(可是)等。其中while与but的区别在于:while表示对比，而but表示意义正好相反。Learning the guitar isnt difficult ,but you have to practice.学弹吉它并不难，但你得练习。The changes in the city will cos
9、t quite a lot, but they will save us money in the long run. 改造城市需要花费很多的钱，但从长远来看还是省钱。Excuse me for breaking in, but I have some news for you.请原谅我冒然闯入，但我有消息告诉你。In some Asian countries , nodding the head means not “Yes”but “No”. 有些亚洲国家，点头并不表示“是”而是表示“不”。He was in deep trouble , yet he didnt lose heart.他
10、深陷困境，然而他没有丧失信心。Rick was very successful. However, the last few years of his life were not happy ones.瑞克非常成功，然而他的晚年并不幸福。You like sports, while Id rather read.你喜欢体育而我却喜欢读书。They were surprised that a child should work out the problem,while they themselves couldnt.他们很吃惊一个孩子能把这个题解出来而他们却不能。She thought I w
11、as talking about her daughter, while in fact I was talking about my daughter. 她认为我是在谈论她的女儿，而事实上我在谈论我女儿。注意：notbut在连接主语时，谓语动词要按就近原则，与靠近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。Not the manager but the workers are hoping to do that.不是经理而是工人们希望那么做。Not you but I am a teacher.不是你而是我是老师。3、表示选择关系的并列连词此类并列连词主要有or, or else, eitheror, ot
12、herwise，neithernor, not nor等。（1）or的用法 可以连接两个的词，多用于否定或者疑问句中。主语的人称、数不一致时, 动词随着接近的主语而变化。John or you are in Class Two.约翰或者你在二班。He never smokes or drinks.他从不吸烟，也不喝酒。Will you have tea or coffee? 你喝茶还是喝咖啡？Are you leavening for Beijing by train or by plane?你是坐火车还是坐飞机去北京？She will be back either today or tomo
13、rrow.她不是今天回来，就是明天回来。 连接两个句子，常和else连用。Would you like a cup of coffee or shall we get down to business right away?你愿意先喝咖啡还是我们谈正事。Put on your overcoat, or you will catch cold. 穿上你的大衣，不然你会着凉。 He must pay the debt or else go to prison.他必须还债,否则就得去坐牢。Hurry up, or/or else well be late for the meeting.赶快，否则我
14、们开会要迟到的。注意：or, or else, otherwise三者相比，or else语气较or强，而otherwise语气则最强。Make haste, or (else) youll be late.快点, 要不然就来不及了。Lets begin, otherwise, we will fall behind.我们这就开始吧，不然会落后的。I would like you to change this blouse, or else give me my money back.我想要你换掉这件衬衣，要不把钱退给我。or和and与否定词连用之谜先做下面三道题:用or或and填空，要求构成
15、完全否定。l.Tom_Mary cannot speak Chinese.They did not speak Japanese clearly_correctly,either.汤姆和玛丽不会讲汉语，日语也讲得不清楚，不正确。2.The clock has no eyes_ears.And it has no mouth_ no legs,either. 时钟没有眼晴和耳朵，也没有嘴和腿。3.Man cant live without air_water.Thats to say,man will die without air_water. 没有空气和水，人就不生活，也就是说，没有空气和水，人就会死。说明:在否定句中，并列成分的列举通常用or连接构成完全否定，用and连接构成部分否定。但在中学英语课本中，否定词与and连用，有以下几种情况，仍构成完全否定:1.列举成分是主语，又在否定词之前，用and连接，而在否定词之后的列举成分用or构成完全否定，所以句1的答案是and，or。2.列举成分之前都有否定词时，用and连接，否则用or连接，也都构成完全否定，所以句2的答案是or，and。3.在否定句中，without之后若有列举成分用and连接，构成完全否定；而在肯定句中，without之后的列举成分要用or连
