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1、 2022年职称英语考试重点分析 （七）Firms in perfectly competitive industries do not differentiate(区分) their products, nor do they make decisions about price.Rather,each firm takes prices as given-that is ,as determined in the market by the laws of supply and demand -and decides olny how much to produce and how to
2、produce it.Given the availability(可得性) of perfect substitutes, any product priced over the market price will not be sold .In perfectcompetition we also assume that firms can freely enter and exit the industry.The assumption of free entry implies that if firms in an industry are earning excessively h
3、igh profits,new firms that seek to do the same thing are likely to spring up.Fast food restaurants are quick to spring up when a new shopping center opens.Where profit opportunities present themselves, we assume that firms sill enter and compete for them.Free exit is possible when firms can simply s
4、top producing their products and leave a market .Generally speaking,a firm closes dowm because it is suffering losses or because profits are insufficient .New England textile and furniture products found themselves facing increasing foreign competition, as well as lower production costs in the South
5、 .While some firms packed up and moved ,others simply got out of the business altogether. 16. Which of the following is not a feature of perfect competition according to the passage? A The firms involved are small compared to the size of the industry.B The firms involved produce goods of the same ki
6、nd .C The size of the industry is ususlly very samll.D The price of the products is deterimned by the market. 18. If a firm sells its products at a price higher than that of the market ,consumers will A buy goods of the same kind produced by other companies.B stop buying this type of products altoge
7、ther.C use anlther type of goods as substitutes.D continue to buy its products becausr of their good quality. 19. In the third paragraph,the author mentions“fast food restaurants“to show A the rapid emergence of new industries in down town areas.B the prosperity of service indusries in backward coun
8、tries .C people“s enthusiasm for shopping .D businessmen“s interest in high -profit industries. 20. What is the most important reason for a company to quit a business? A Some other firms are making more money .B There is too much competition in this industry .C It is not making adequate profit .D Foreign products have got control of the market.
