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1、2015年职称英语卫生类新增文章发布时间：2015-03-19 18:07:592015年职称英语教材已全面上市，第一考试网为大家整理了职称英语教材卫生类变化信息，希望能对大家的备考有所帮助，祝大家考试顺利！2015年职称英语教材卫生类的变动比较小，一共只有5篇新增文章。2015年职称英语教材卫生类新增的5篇文章，分布在阅读判断、阅读理解和补全短文：阅读判断综合A新增一篇文章；阅读理解卫生C新增一篇文章；补全短文卫生A、B和C各新增一篇文章。完形填空卫生类整体都没有新增文章。2015年卫生类职称英语教材新增文章的对比目录如下：卫生类旧文章新增文章卫生C阅读理解第五篇：U.S. Eats Too
2、 Much Salt第五篇：Tracking Down HIV补全短文第二篇 Bedwetting第二篇：The Hope Childrens Hospice卫生B补全短文第七篇 Reinventing the Table第七篇：Powering Napping is Good for the I.Q卫生A阅读判断第十二篇：First Self-contained Heart Implanted第十二篇：Inquest told of hospital error补全短文第十二篇 More Efforts Urged to Empower Women at AIDS Conference第十二
3、篇：The enemy Within第五篇 Tracking Down HIVIn the summer of 1980, a patient had a strange purplish spot removed from below his ear. It was Kaposis sarcoma, a rare form of skin cancer. This patient also had lymph node swelling and exhaustion. In November 1980, a Los Angeles immunologist examined a young
4、man who had diseases linked to immune system malfunctions. The doctor had a T-cell count taken of the patients blood. T-cells are a type of white blood cell that plays a key role1 in immune responses. The patient had no helper T-cells.By the end of 1980, 55 Americans were diagnosed with infections r
5、elated to immune system breakdown; four had died. A year later the death toll was 74. Intravenous drug users had T-cell abnormalities. People who had received blood transfusions showed symptoms of immune system breakdown. By July 1982, 471 cases of the disease, now called Acquired Immune Deficiency
6、Syndrome (AIDS), had been reported; 184 people had died.In April 1984, American virologist Dr. Robert Gallo isolated the pathogen, or disease producer, responsible for2 AIDS. He called it HTLV-III. In Paris, Dr. Luc Montagnier identified a virus he called LAV. An international panel of scientists de
7、termined that both men had found the same virus. It became known as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Blood banks began screening for HTV in 1985, but by then about 29,000 people had been infected through blood transfusions. Some 12,000 hemophiliacs had contracted HIV through blood-clotting produc
8、ts. By 1995, 477,900 Americans had AIDS; 295,500 had died.In 1996, researchers announced drugs that reduced HIV in infected people. Today scientists are testing vaccines and believe that if HIV can be suppressed, then perhaps it can be eradicated3, but it is still a race against time.词汇：spot n. 地点，斑
9、点，斑块，青春痘lymph n. 淋巴结sarcoma n. 肿瘤，肉瘤，恶性毒瘤exhaustion n. 衰竭，耗尽，精疲力竭immunologist n. 免疫学家malfunction n. 故障，失灵，疾病count n. 计数，计算infection n. 传染病，感染breakdown n. 故障，衰弱，崩溃toll n. 代价，死亡人数intravenous drug n. 静脉注射药物abnormalities n. (abnormality的复数形式)畸形，异常情况blood transfusion n. 输血symptom n. 症状virologist n. 病毒学家v
10、irus n. 病毒panel n. 座谈小组，仪表板hemophiliac n. 血友病患者vaccine n. 疫苗注释：1.play a key role.扮演一个关键角色，有至关重要的作用2.be responsible for.对负责，是的原因3.can be eradicated可以被根除的练习：1. This passage is mainly about _.A. the spreading of the disease known as HIVB. the work of Dr. Robert GalloC. infectious diseasesD. the symptom
11、s of HIV2. A T-cell is a _.A. patients bloodB. deadly strain of tuberculosisC. white blood cell important in providing immunity to diseaseD. red blood cell3. The final paragraph leads the reader to see that scientists _.A. have no hope in ever finding a cure for HIVB. have hope that a cure for HIV w
12、ill be foundC. have run out of time to find a cure for HIVD. are in a contest against each other to find a cure for HIV4. The basic pattern used to develop this passage is _.A. chronological orderB. personal narrativeC. comparison and contrastD. question and answer5. The word u eradicated the last p
13、aragraph means _.A. made extremeB. celebratedC. remove by rubbingD. gotten rid of entirely答案与题解：1.A从开篇的病例介绍，到后面感染人数的不断上升可以推断出，这篇文章的主旨是讲艾滋病病毒在美国的传播。从第二段中的最后一句话可以看出，人们最初对艾滋病的冠名是在1982年7月，而那时全美已有病例471起，并有184人死亡了，因此可以推断出是讲该病毒的传播的。2.C第一段的最后一句话里对T细胞进行了定义，即其为白细胞的一种，并在免疫效应中起关键作用，因此答案是选项3.B文章最后一段的最后一句话提到了解题线索
14、，即现在科学家正在测试预防艾滋病的疫苗，他们相信，如果该病毒能被抑制，就可能被根治。4.A该题为对文章线索总结题，chronological order意思为“按照时间次序”，chronological意思为“时间的”，从该文中的几个时间点来看，人们对于艾滋病的接触、了解、应对、研究，应该是按照不同年份进行的，故答案为选项A。5.D本题为词义推断题，eradicate的本义为“根除”，本题的解题线索在最后一段最后一句话的前半句，即“Today scientists are testing vaccines and believe that if HIV can be suppressed”，只
15、要了解suppress的词义，即“抑制”，那么结合后面then(于是，那么)这个关联词就可以推断出后面的动词短语应该和“根治”有关，本题选项中的前三个选项均不含该意思，故答案为选项D。选项A为“成为极端”，选项B为“庆祝”，选项C为“通过摩擦被消除”，和前句大意均不相符。第二篇 The Hope Childrens HospiceThe Hope Childrens Hospice provides free specialist care for children with life-limiting conditions who are not expected to live into adulthood. It cares for up to eight terminally-ill children at one time, and aims to care for them in the same way their families wou
