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1、大学英语B网考辅导语法精讲与样题分析词汇:根据考试大纲的要求,考生应认知3000个单词,并熟练掌握其中的1800个单词及其基本的搭配. 主要涉及到名词、动词、动词短语、形容词、副词的近义词、同义词、近形词之间的辨析,词的搭配及惯用法. 语法:根据考试大纲的要求,考生应掌握基本的英语语法知识,并能在听、说、读、写、译中较正确地加以应用. 语法结构部分主要涉及到从句、不定式、分词、动名词、虚拟语气等基本语法结构. 题型介绍:主要考查语言、词汇、习语和语法方面的系统知识.特点:一题多个考点,对综合能力提出更高的要求. 题目组成:选择题(5题,15分)和完型填空题(10题,10分)一、关注词性(一)名
2、词A. 知识要点名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词.可数名词有单、复数之分.1.不可数名词只用单数形式.如果要表示数量多少,需在其前面加量词来表达.如:a piece of news(一条新闻);two pieces of advice(两条建议)2.名词所有格的构成是名词加s,如:Marys room;如原词已有复数词尾-s,则只加,如:the students hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词;名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成,通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如:the window of the classroom. B.例题讲解What a beautiful house! E
3、specially there are many _.furniture B. furnituresC. pieces of furniture D. pieces of furnitures解析:此题考查名词的单复数.Furniture 为不可数名词,后面不能加s.很多家具用many pieces of furniture,因此答案为C.(二)冠词- 知识要点冠词是一种虚词,用在名词前面,说明名词是特指还是泛指.冠词分不定冠词和定冠词.不定冠词: a / an表示一、某一概念,用于单数可数名词前.a用在辅音开头的词前,an用在元音开头的词前.如:an English teacher/ a s
4、econd year一位老师/又一年;2. 定冠词:the表示特指的一个或一些.通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前,或世界上独一无二的事物前;也用于乐器名词前.如:the best season最好的季节/the first lady第一夫人 /the earth 地球/play the piano 弹钢琴;3. 不使用冠词的情况:在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称之前.在某些惯用词中也不用冠词,以具体名词表示抽象概念. 如: have lunch吃午饭 play basketball打篮球 go to school上学例题讲解1)_ girl dressed _ black is her sis
5、ter Rose. (大学英语(B)Test 2, 34)A. A; in B. A; on C. The; on D. The; in解析:D.介词in可表示穿(戴)的意思.此外,特指穿黑色衣服的女孩,用定冠词the.2)He is fond of playing _ piano while his brother is interested in listening to _ music. (大学英语(B)Test 5, 36) A. /; theB. /; /C. the; / D. the; the解析:C.演奏的乐器名词前+the.Music为不可数名词,其前不用可用a/an,而题意
6、对音乐感兴趣并没有特指哪种音乐,也不可用the.3)He goes to _ church every Sunday.church he usually goes to has seating for over a thousand.A. a, the B. /, The C. The, theD. /, a 解析:B.go to church做礼拜是惯用法,不用冠词.他常去的教堂表特指,前加the.(三)代词代词用于指代.包括:人称、物主、反身、疑问、不定代词等.1.many, few和a few一般只能修饰或指代可数名词,much, little和a little 一般只能修饰或指代不可数
7、名词.a few 和a little表示有一些,具有肯定意义,而few和little表示几乎没有,具有否定意义.many和much表示许多.2.表示全部:两者用both,三者以上用all; 表示全无:两者用neither,三者以上用none;表示任一:两者用either,三者以上用any.3. other, others,the other,the others, another的区别(1)other作形容词修饰名词,泛指别的、其他的.有时会放在some, any, every, no等词之后.e.g. We study Chinese, maths, English and other le
8、ssons.(2)others是代词,泛指其他人或物.如:Im glad to help others.(3)the other特指范围内的另一个(范围内一共两个).e.g. I have two friends. One is from Australia, the other is from Japan.(4)the others特指范围内的另一些(范围总数通常多于两个).e.g. There are forty students in our class. Twenty-eight of us are boys, the others are girls.(5)another指同类中(三
9、个或三个以上)的另一个,是指不确定的另一个.e.g. Would you like another cup of coffee?例题讲解1)The baby is hungry, but theres _ milk in the bottle. (大学英语(B)Test 2, 28)littleB. a littleC. few D. a few解析:A.milk是不可数名词,所以只能用little/a little修饰,而根据题意宝宝饿了,但瓶里几乎没有牛奶了,只能选little(少得几乎没有).2)She has two best friends.of them is in the cou
10、ntry. (大学英语(B)Test 2, 44)All B. BothC. No one D. Neither解析:D.代词all表所有和both表两者都,其后的谓语动词需要用复数.neither表两者都不,其后的谓语动词用单数.3)Its time to tidy your room, Harry! See the tidy room, Mum!is where it should be. (大学英语(B)Test 5, 33) A. SomethingB. AnythingC. EverythingD. Nothing解析:C.根据说话人所说内容可以知道,房间里一切都很整洁,含有整体性,
11、应用everything.Anything用于肯定句时,表强 调,该句没有强调之意.4)The red flower goes from one to _ in the class. (大学英语(B)Test 6, 27) A. the otherB. othersC. anotherD. other解析:C.按照句意传花不是两者之间(from one to the other),而是三者以上(from one to another),故选C.(四)数词-知识要点数词分为两大类:基数词和序数词.1.基数次表示数量(one, two, three),序数次表示次序(first, second,
12、third).2.数词hundred, thousand, million不用复数;其复数+of可表示上百、成千、数百万,如:three thousand 三千/thousands of trees(成千上万的树)3.在年龄的表达时,注意以下表达法:He is six years old.(其中year须用其复数)He is a six-year-old boy.(其中year不用复数)他6岁了.例题讲解1)They have learned about _ in recent years. (大学英语(B)Test 2, 37) A.several hundreds English word
13、sB. hundreds of English wordsC. hundred of English wordsD. several hundred English word解析:B.hundreds of 之类的短语之前也可加many,several之类的词修饰.A项的错误在于hundreds后缺少of.2)Nancy is _ girl. (大学英语(B)Test 2, 29)a eighteen-year-old B. an eighteen-years-oldC. a eighteen-years-oldD. an eighteen-year-old解析:D.eighteen-year
14、-old是一个由连字符连接的复合形容词(其中year不用复数),作girl的定语.同时,由于eighteen是元音开头的词,前面的不定冠词用an.(五)形容词和副词的比较级与最高级A. 知识要点1.比较级和最高级的构成形式(1)绝大多数单音节和部分双音节词后加-er构成比较级,加-est构成最高级.如:nice nicer nicest(2)大部分双音节词和所有的多音节词,前面加more构成比较级,加the most 构成最高级.如:careful-more careful-most careful2.形容词和副词的应用(1)同等程度比较:as + 原级 + as e.g. Tom is as
15、 bright as Mark.汤姆和亨利一样聪明.(2)不同程度的比较:比较级 + than e.g. Tom is taller than Mark.汤姆比亨利高.not as/so + 原级 + as e.g. Tom is not as/so bright as Mark. 汤姆不如亨利聪明.(3)对比与比较:(越来越)the +比较级, the +比较级 e.g. The older I get, the happier I am.我越变老,越觉得幸福.比较级+ and +比较级 e.g. Jane became more and more beautiful.珍妮越来越漂亮了.(4
16、)当几个形容词修饰一个名词时,其排列顺序是: 好坏、美丑 + 大小、新旧、颜色 + +质地、属性 + 名词(5)当被修饰的是以-thing, -one, -body结尾的不定代词时,作定语的形容词要后置. e.g. I read something interesting. 我读了一些有趣的东西.例题讲解1)Your box is mine.four times as big as B. four times as bigger asC. as four times bigD. as big as four times解析:A.在asas句型中,如有表示程度的状语(如twice, three t
