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1、（一）人称代词一、概念人称代词是表示我、你、他/她/它、我们、你们和（他/她/它）们的词。人称代词有人称、格和数的变化.二、人称代词的用法1一般情况下，人称代词的主格作主语，放在句子的开头。Iamateacher.我是一名教师。（I是主语）Youare11yearsold.你11岁了。（You是主语）Heismyfriend.他是我的朋友。（He是主语）Itishottoday.今天天气热。（It是主语）2. 宾格作宾语，通常放在动词，如：let,like,help,give,ask等的后面；或介词，如：for,to,of,at等的后面。Canyouhelpme?你能帮我吗？（me是宾语）Th
2、ecakeisforyou.这个蛋糕是给你的。（you是宾语）3. 作表语（用主格，口语中常用宾格）Whoisthat？Itsme（I）.是谁啊？是我。、,，I-.-yV.三、注意1. 人称代词I无论放在句首、句中或句尾，都要大写。2. 人称代词she除了指女性“她”之外，还可以指祖国、月亮等拟人的东西。如：Ilovemycountry.Sheisgreat.Themoonisinthesky.Sheisroundandbright.四、It的特殊用法1. 一般情况下，it表示人以外的动物和东西，是单数名词的代词，译为“它”。Whereisyourcar？Itisoverthere.你的小汽车
3、在哪儿？（它）在那边。2. 但在表示天气、时间、距离等时，用it来代替，此时的it，并不译为“它”。1）扌旨天气:Itissunnytoday.今天阳光灿烂。2）扌旨气候:Itscoldinthisroom.这个房间很冷。3）指时间:Whattimeisit?Itssixthirty.几点了？六点半了。4）扌旨距离:Howfarisitfromheretothepark?从这儿到公园有多远？Itsabouttwomiles.大约是二英里。五、人称的习惯顺序：如果有几个不同的人称同时作主语，且用and，or连接时，习惯顺序是：单数：you，he，andI复数：we，you，andthey但是，如
4、果是做错事，承担责任时，有时，说话的人把I放在第一位。Whobrokethewindow?谁打碎了玻璃？IandLiMing.我和李明.（二）物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，物主代词也有人称和数的变化。通过观察上表，我们发现，除了my的名词性物主代词是mine,his和its的名词性和形容词性相同外，其他的名词性物主代词都是在对应的形容词性物主代词后面加“S”变成的。形容词性物主代词用来修饰名词，表示是属于谁的东西。名词性物主代词等于对应的形容词性物主代词加一个名词。如：ThiSiSherbook.=ThiSbookiS
5、herS.AretheSeyourpenS?=AretheSepenSyourS?(三) 替代词替代词用来替代前面已经提到过的人或事物，来避免重复这一名词。最典型的替代词有one和oneS。one用来替代表示单数的人或事，oneS用来替代表示复数的人或事物。如：Thereisapostofficenearmyhome.Thereisonenearourschool,too.(one=postoffice)词类英语名称意义例词名词TheNoun(缩写为n)表示人或事物的名称Basket,mouth,hospital,year,train冠词TheArticle(art)用在名词前帮助说明名词所指
6、的人或事物a,an,the代词ThePronoun(pron)用来代替名词、形容词或数词They,his,him,mine,which,all形容词TheAdjective(adj)用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征Long,empty,heavy,different,cheap,hungry数词TheNumeral(num)表示数量或顺序Three,thirteen,twenty,second动词TheVerb(v)表示动作或状态Hear,write,swim,eat,borrow,sing副词TheAdverb(adv)修饰动词、形容词或其他副词Quickly,early,out,soon,
7、then,sometimes介词ThePreposition(prep)表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系From,with,at,into,behind,between,for连词TheConjunction(conj)用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句And,or,but,so,because感叹词TheInterjection(interj)表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感Oh,hey,ouch,well,there,dear下面是一些比较典型的“陷阱”题目，请大家做做看：1. Mr.Wangmadeuphismindtodevoteallhecould_hisoralEnglishbefo
8、regoingabroad.A.improveB.toimproveC.improvingD.toimproving2. Everythinghe-awayfromhimbeforehereturnedtohishometown.A.tookB.hadbeentakenC.hadhadbeentakenD.hadtaken3. Beforehewentabroad,hespentasmuchtimeashe-English.A.couldlearningB.learnedC.tolearnD.couldlearn4. YoucanneverimaginewhatgreatdifficultyI
9、have_yourhouse.A.foundB.findingC.tofindD.forfinding5. Thepersonwespoketo_noansweratfirstAmakingBmakesCmakeDmade6. Thepersonwereferredto(提及)_usareporttomorrow.AgivingBwillgiveCgaveDgive7. Thedayswehavebeenlookingforwardto()soon.A.comingB.willcomeC.cameD.havecome8. Thepersonwetalkedabout()ourschoollas
10、tweek.A.visitingB.willvisitC.visitedD.hasvisited9. Themanwhosesongswearefondof()inourcitynextweek.A.singingB.tosingC.willsingD.sang10. Notonly_thejewelryshe()beensoldforhersonsgamblingdebtsbutalsoherhouseAis；hasBhas；hadChas；hasD；has11. _inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(NMET96)A.LosingB.H
11、avinglostC.LostD.Tolose12. Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_nothingcanbedonetochangeit.(NMET2002)初中英语重要句型assoonasas.as.as.aspossibleasksb.forsth.ask/tellsb.(how)todosth.ask/tellsb.nottodosth.beafraidofdoingsth./that.初中英语重要句型8. bebusydoingsth.9. befamous/late/ready/sorryfor.10. begladthat.11. buy/give
12、/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tell.sthtosb.12. buy/give/show/send/pass/bring/lend/tellsb.sth.初中英语重要句型13. either.or.14. enjoy/hate/like/finish/stop/mind/keep/goondoingsth.15. findit+adj.todosth.16.get+比较级17. getreadyfor/getsth.ready18. hadbetter(not)dosth.初中英语重要句型19. helpsb.(to)do/helpsb.with.20. Idontt
13、hinkthat.21. Iwouldliketo/Wouldyouliketo.22. isoneofthe+最高级+名词复数23. Itis+adj.forsb.todosth.24. Itisagoodideatodosth.25. Itisthesecond+最高级+名词初中英语重要句型26. Itlookslike./Itsoundslike.27. Itseemstosb.that.28. Itsounds+adj./Itlooks+adj.29. Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.30. Itsbad/goodfor.31. Itstimefor./todost
14、h.32. Itstwometers(years)long(high,old)初中英语重要句型33. keepsb.doingsth.34. liketodo/likedoingsth35. keep/makesth.+adj.36. make/letsb.(not)dosth.37. neither.nor.38. not.atall39. not.until.初中英语重要句型40. One.theother./Some.others.41. prefer.to.42. see/hearsb.do(doing)sth.43. so.that.44. spend.on/(in)doingsth
15、.45. stoptodo/stopdoingsth.46. sucha(an)+adj.+n.that.初中英语重要句型47. take/bringsth.withsb.48. thanksb.forsth.49. Themore.themore.50. Thereissomethingwrongwith.51. too.to.52. usedto.53. Whatabout/Howabout.初中英语重要句型54. Whatsthematterwith.55. Whatswrongwith.56. Whynot.57. Will(Would,Could)youplease.初中英语八种时态归纳复习1. 一般现在时:主语+do/does(现在分词)Wecleantheroomeveryday.一般现在时：do(nt)/does(nt)2. 般过去时:主语+didWecleanedtheroomjustnow.一般过去式：did(nt)+V.原3. 现在进行时:主语+am/is/aredoingWearecleaningtheroomnow.现在进
