《代词语法整理》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《代词语法整理（6页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、代词语法整理代词的定义和特征代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分词和句子的词。1)Because he had a bad cold, Jack decided to stay in bed the whole day.代词 he 代替名词Jack)2)The Browns said they might move to California.(代词 they 代替名词短语 the Browns)3)Bob always answers his teachers questions well; htat shows that he works very hard at home.(代词tha
2、t代替前面的分句)代词之间有两点共同之处：第一,它们本身的词义都很弱,必须从上下文来确定；第二,许多代词都有两种功用：一可单独取代名词的位置,二可起修饰语的作用。代词的种类代词可分为八类：1)人称代词(personal pronoun)a)主格：I, you, he, she, it, we, you, theyb)宾格：me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them2)物主代词(possessive pronoun)a)形容词性物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, your, theirb)名词性物主代词：mine, yours, h
3、is, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs3)反身代词(reflexive pronoun)：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself,ourselves, yourselves,themselves,oneself4)相互代词(reciprocal pronoun)： each other, one another5)指示代词(demonstrative pronoun)： this, that, these, those, it, such, same6)疑问代词(interrogative pronoun)： who,
4、 whom, whose, which, what7)关系代词(relative pronoun)： who, whom, whose, which, that, as8)不定代词(indefinite pronoun)： some, something, somebody, someone, any, anything, anybody,anyone,no,nothing,nobody,no one,every,everything,everyone,everybody, each,much,many,little,a little,few,a few,other,another,all,n
5、one,one, both,either,neither一、人称代词2、人称代词的作用人称代词在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语等。(1)人称代词作主语时用主格I lost my wallet in the park.(2)人称代词作宾语时用宾格I saw you in the street.(3)人称代词作表语时一般用宾格Who is knocking at the doorIts me.3、在使用人称代词时有下面几点注意:(1)we, you两词有时泛指一般人，指大家。You never know what may happen.(2)she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。I think
6、Chinese will do what she promised to do.(3)I在并列的主语中，总放最后。(4)it有许多用法(a)代表已提到过的一件事物。I love swimming. It keeps me fit.(b)当说话者不知道对方的性别时，可用it来表示。Its a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl(c)可用来指带时间、距离、自然现象等。It is half past three now.(d)用于固定搭配中。Take it easy.walk it 步行 make it 办成 take it out of somebody 拿某人出
7、气二、物主代词1、物主代词的形式-“74又奏4地便,它3的第n的博们的静容辞他的均主代,hi%3.i tyourthfelir苗调忸的钙生死阈mire”urs16 Mh 耳 i.loursycus5the irs2、物主代词的作用1)形容词性物主代词只能作定语。The tall boy is my student.2)名词性物主代词(1)作表语Whose dictionary is thisIts mine.(2)作主语Our room is on the first floor and theirs is on the second.(3)作宾语You may use my pen. Ill
8、 use hers.与of连用作定语He is a close friend of ours.三、反身代词1、反身代词的形式yo:1h gomI/1 tsclfeursclTOHyourecJvcathaniBclYos2、反身代词的作用(1)作宾语I cant express myself in English.(2)作表语He is not quite himself these days.(3)作同位语反身代词作同位语时，往往是用来加强名词或代词的语气，应重读；在句中常置于名词、代词之后或句子末尾。The theory itself is all right.We had better
9、ask the teacher herself about it.(5)偶尔用作主语这种独立使用的反身代词语气较强。Both my sister and myself were invited to the party.(6)用于固定习语 help oneself to，hurt oneself，enjoy oneself，dress oneself，byoneself, in oneself(本身)，between ourselves(私下说的话，不可告诉别人)四、相互代词相互代词表示相互关系。1、相互代词的形式嫌施专11品。珀中0nt swtherrnc iino they s2、相互代词
10、的用法(1)相互代词宾格用作宾语We can help each other.(2)相互代词属格用作定语We should point out each others shortcomings.五、指示代词指示代词是用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。其他还有：such，so，same，it(指人用)2、指示代词的用法作主语Thesearent my books.(2)作宾语 She will do that.(3)作表语 My idea is this.(4)作定语 This book is about Chinese traditional medicine.(5)this和that有时可用作状
11、语，表示程度，译为“这么”和“那么” The book is this thick.(6)that和those有时用来代表前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词The weather in Han Dan is cooler than that in Guangzhou.(代替不可数名词 weather) The machines are better than those we made last year.(代替可数名词复数 machines) My room was lighter than the one next door.(如果是单数可数名词用 the one 来代替)六、疑问代词1)
12、who通常作主语和表语Who is on duty today2)whom作宾语Whom do you wish to speak toWith whom did you go (口语中说 Who did you go with 更多一些。)3)whose、what、which这三个代词可以用作(1)主语Whose is betterWhat happened next(2)表语Whose is itWhats your father(3)宾语Whose are you going to borrow(4)定语Whose umbrella is this七、关系代词1、关系代词的形式who，w
13、hom，whose，which，that是用来引起定语从句的。它一面代表定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词，一面又在从句内担当一个成分(通称为先行词)。2、关系代词的用法1)who代表人，在从句中做主语或宾语。The girl who spoke is my best friend.Do you like the teacher who (whom) we talked with2)whom代表人，在从句中作宾语。He is the man whom (who) you have been looking for.3)whose代表某个人的，在从句中作定语。Do you know anyone w
14、hose family is in Xian4)which代表事物，在从句中可以作主语和宾语。He told a story which moved us deeply.5)that既代表人也代表物，在从句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。This is the plane that will fly to Tokyo in the afternoon.Fool that I was！八、不定代词不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，英语中不定代词有:some(something， somebody，someone)，any(anything，anybody，anyone)，no(nothi
15、ng，nobody，no one)， every(everything，everybody，everyone)，all，each，both，much，many，(a)little，(a)few，other(s)， another， none， one，either， neither 等。1.不定代词的作用1) 作主语Both(of us) are right.Either(of the answers) is correct.Neither(of the answers) is correct.Is everybody hereNothing special happened yesterday.All is going well.2) 作宾语There is room for all of us.I like none of the booksIf you have any，give us some.
