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1、 目录中文摘要、2Abstract、3第一章 高考物理与物理竞赛试题对比分析的意义及研究现状、41.1 试卷分析的意义、41.2 本研究工作的背景、5第二章 高考物理与物理竞赛试题题型结构分析、6 2.1 试卷题型结构、62.2 试卷结构类型变化、7第三章 高考物理与物理竞赛试卷内容分析、103.1 导体切割匀强磁场内容的比例变化、103.2 试题知识点的分析、123.2.1近十年高考物理和理科综合试题导体切割磁场问题的归类题图、133.2.2近十届物理竞赛试题导体切割磁场问题归类题图、143.2.3 导体切割磁场问题的归类、15第四章 高考物理与物理竞赛试卷价值趋向与思考、264.1价值取向
2、、264.2总结、28参考文献、29致谢、30中 文 摘 要在21世纪各国政府均把教育作为施政的首要目标，而考试是教育事业的一个重要组成部分，与教和学都有着十分密切的关系，对年轻一代的前途与价值趋向也有巨大的影响。采行考试是必然的选择，在没有其他可以替代考试的更科学的办法时，考试仍成为社会各界人士关注的焦点。今天，高考和物理竞赛已经成为选拔人才的两种重要的方式，长期的考试试卷分析能反映出教育制度的变革与发展。为了提高考试的效率，经过研究文献发现，两大考试试题的研究主要集中在解题方法、解题技巧、赏析评价和预测判断，但很少在这两种考试中综合的挖掘他们的内在联系。 本文采用文献研究法，纵观近十年的高
3、考物理和物理竞赛的试题，主要对“导体切割匀强磁场问题”进行对比分析，分析主要包括3个重要的方面：（1）题型和试卷结构；（2）试卷考查内容和知识点；（3）对比比较价值取向。通过分析，看出了关于“导体切割匀强磁场”的试题类型的变化发展和内容比例变化，在试卷中考查电磁学的基本知识和基本方法的原则是不变的；我国的高考试卷和物理竞赛试卷越来越强调试卷命题中的现代意识，也越来越重视学生对当代社会及文化生活情景的关注，从而培养学生更好地认识社会的能力。试卷内容的变革是考试改革的核心，对近十年的试卷分析发现，以前的试题更多地关心知识立意逐步过渡到注重能力立意，转变传统的封闭的学科观念，在考查学科能力的同时，注
4、重考察跨学科的综合能力，较多的关注考查知识点转向更多地考查学生分析解决问题的能力、理论联系实际的能力和解决实际问题的能力。特别是今天的物理竞赛命题，更多的会涉及到现代社会科技的新成果，把物理和新的技术理论联系实际的考察学生的社会观察能力和掌握知识的能力。关键词：高考物理 物理竞赛 导体切割磁场 对比分析AbstractGovernments in the 21st century are to education as the primary objective of the policy, education and examination is an important part of t
5、he teaching and learning have a very close relationship, the younger generation tend to value the future and also has had a huge impact. The adoption of the examination is the inevitable choice, with no other alternative to the more scientific examination of the approach, the test is still a communi
6、ty focus. Today, the college entrance examination and physical talent contest has become a selection of two important, long-term analysis of the examination papers in the education system to reflect the changes and development. In order to improve the efficiency of the examination, the research lite
7、rature found that the two examination papers research focused on problem-solving methods, problem-solving skills, appreciation of the evaluation and forecast judgement, but few in these two comprehensive examination of the relationship between the mining them. In this paper, the literature research,
8、 Throughout the past 10 years the college entrance examination physics and physical contest questions, mainly on the cutting conductor absorbed strong magnetic field for comparative analysis, including analysis of three important areas: (1) Questions and papers Structure (2) papers examine the conte
9、nt and knowledge, (3) compared comparison value orientation. Through analysis, to see that on the cutting conductor uniform magnetic field, the types of questions in the development and content of change, in the papers in the test of basic knowledge of electromagnetism and the basic principle is the
10、 same method; Chinas college entrance examination papers and physical Competition papers proposition that more papers in the modern sense, more and more attention to students of contemporary social and cultural life scenarios of concern, so as to nurture students a better understanding of society. P
11、apers in the examination content of the reform is the core of the reform of the papers in the past 10 years found that the previous test shows more concern for gradual transition to a knowledge focus on capacity-shows, change the traditional concept of a closed subject, the ability of test subjects,
12、 Emphasis on interdisciplinary study of the comprehensive capacity of more concern to test knowledge, more students test of problem-solving skills, linking theory with practice and the ability to solve practical problems. Special Physics Competition is todays topic, the more modern society to be inv
13、olved in the new achievements in science and technology, physics and new technologies theory with practice students study the social observation capacity and the ability to acquire knowledge.Key words: Physical test ；Physics Competition ； Conductor cutting magnetic field；Comparative Analysis；第一章 高考与
14、物理竞赛试题对比分析的意义及研究现状高考和物理竞赛是选拔人才的两种重要的考试方式，一直是备受关注的大问题。目前还未见报道有人对这两种考试的考试试卷进行长期的综合对比分析。本论文对近十年来高考试题与物理竞赛试题中有关“导体切割匀强磁场”的考试内容进行初步的分析和比较。1.1 试卷分析的意义在科技进步日新月异，知识经济初见端倪的时代，国家综合国力的竞争，归跟到底是人才的竞争。人才的选拔唯一最公平、最公开的就是通过考试。因此考试在社会生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，试卷在考试中必不可少，所以对试卷的理论与历史的研究已成为教育界一个十分重要的研究领域。虽然“从理论上来讲，考试的目的第一在于测量过去的成绩，第二在于评价一个人未来的才能。”16但是，当今
