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1、硕士学位论文高渗透率下光伏电源并网电能质量问题与其交互影响研究Research on power quality and interaction in high permeability photovoltaic grid-connected systembyKANG ZhenB.E. (HunanUniversity) 2008A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree ofMaster of EngineeringinControl Sicence and Engineering
2、in the GraduateSchoolof HunanUniversitySupervisorProfessor LUO AnMay, 2011 / 湖 南 大 学学位论文原创性声明本人重声明：所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以标注引用的容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日学位论文使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意学校保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文
3、的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。本学位论文属于1、，在_年解密后适用本授权书。2、不。（请在以上相应方框打“”）作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日导师签名： 日期： 年 月 日摘 要能源是人类赖以生存和发展的基础。传统的不可再生能源如煤炭、石油等日趋减少，总归会枯竭，而且传统能源的使用会带来严重的环境污染。寻找可再生清洁能源对人类的可持续发展具有重要的意义。太阳能具有资源丰富、不受地域限制、对环境友好等优点，受到世界各国重视。目前，光伏发电能量的传递和转换都是建立在电力
4、电子技术的基础上，大规模的光伏电源并网使得大量的电力电子转换器引入到电力系统中，从而大量的非线性负载也加入到了供电系统中，会对电力系统造成严重的污染，产生更为严重的电能质量问题。另外，大规模光伏发电并网产生的孤岛效应和微网环流也严重危害着电力系统的安全性和稳定性。因此，研究高渗透率下光伏发电系统的电能质量问题与其综合治理方法对保障电力系统的安全运行具有十分重要的意义。本文首先分析了高渗透率下光伏发电并网对配电网电能质量的影响，给出了一套可供评判其电能质量的指标体系，提出了一种基于雷达图法的电能质量综合评估方法。以确保对高渗透率下光伏发电系统电压水平、功率水平、谐波畸变率、三相不平衡度等电能质量
5、指标进行综合控制。本文对电能质量治理装置与光伏发电装置的交互影响进行了研究，对配置典型的电能质量治理装置如SVC、DSTATCOM的光伏发电系统进行了控制方法的研究和仿真分析。仿真结果表明，SVC和增加滤波功能的并网逆变器可同时抑制并网节点处的电压波动，补偿负载和TCR产生的谐波，提高了光伏并网电能质量，实现高品质供能；由DSTATCOM和光伏微源组成的联合控制系统可通过调度使光伏微源在供能的同时提供较大容量的无功功率，降低了电能质量装置的成本，改善了电能质量，提高了系统的稳定性。本文对抑制微网环流的控制方法和多逆变器并联运行的控制策略进行了研究，提出了一种解决功率耦合问题的办法，采用基于旋转
6、坐标的虚拟V/f控制策略，把电阻和电抗均考虑在，能实现有功功率和无功功率的解耦。在不同光伏微源之间或光伏微源与电网之间实现并联运行控制和负载均分控制。项目组根据并网运行的条件和功能要求，自主研制了2kW的单相光伏并网逆变器。本文详细介绍了控制器的软硬件设计、人机界面的搭建、逆变器系统研制以与光伏阵列的构建。系统调试和实验结果表明，逆变器能够稳定运行，控制方法能满足并网发电的需要。关键词：高渗透率；光伏发电；电能质量；孤岛效应；微网环流；并网逆变器AbstractEnergy is the basis of human survival and development. Traditional
7、non-renewable energy such as coal and oil is diminishing and it will be depleted someday. Moreover, serious environmental pollution will be caused by using traditional energy. Therefore,looking for renewable clean energy is important for human sustainable development. Solar energy has the advantages
8、 of abundant resources, without geographical restrictions and non-pollution, attracts more and more attention recently. Presently, photovoltaic energy transfer and conversion are based on power electronics technology. So, abundant power electronics converters will be introduced into power system by
9、extensive PV microsources connecting to the grid, which will bring pollution to power system and cause serious power quality problem. In addition, island effect and microgrid circulation, which caused by photovoltaic connecting grid cosmically, also seriously endanger the safety and stability of the
10、 power system. Consequently, research of power quality problem and study on control strategy of PV grid-connected system with high permeability is of great significance for safety operation of the electric power system.The effect of the power quality in distributed network caused by PV connecting to
11、 the grid with high permeability is firstly researched in this paper. An indicator system and a comprehensive assessment method base on radar chart are proposed to insure integrated control of the high permeability system power quality such as voltage level, power level, harmonic distortion rate, th
12、ree phase imbalance degree and so on. Then, the interaction between power quality control devices and photovoltaic generation equipment is researched. The study on control method and simulation analysis is done to the PV generation system configuring typical power quality devices SVC and DSTATCOM se
13、parately. Simulation result shows that power quality can be improved by the collaboration system consist of photovoltaic and power quality devices. The harmonics brought by the load and TCR can be suppressed by SVC and gird connected inverter with filter function, high quality power supply can be re
14、alized. Also,photovoltaic microsource can produce large capacity reactive power while provide power supply in the collaboration system with DSTATCOM, the cost of the power quality devices is reduced and the stability of the system is improved.The control method of suppressing micro-grid circulation
15、and the control strategy of multi-inverters operation in parallel connection are also studied in the thesis. A solution to solve power coupling problem is proposed. Dummy V/f control strategy considering resistance and reactance based on rotating frame is adopted, and decoupling of active and reactive power is realized. Parallel operation control and load-sharing control among different microsources or between photovoltaic and the grid also can be realized.According to the condition and function demand of PV connecting
