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1、 2022英语四级考试阅读中常见的“信号词阅读过程中常见的几类“信号词”:1.以下词组提示下文所涉及的重要信息:The main / important point / conclusion / reason.The point to note here2.以下词组提示了下文的构造框架:There are three major reasons3.but 和 however表示比照,经常用来提示重要信息,例如:The rising birth rate is not due to increased fertility, but to a sharp decline in the death
2、rate.4.在文中提问可以突出问题后的答案,提示读者答案中有重要信息,例如:Why is a piped water supply so important? Disease due to contaminated water is a common cause of death in childhood.5.有时,为了保证读者完全理解自己的观点,会在文中反复提出自己的观点,例如:Death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, the death rate can be cut without anything else
3、 changing.6.文章的结论通常是特别重要的,因此,读者要在文中查找提示结论的“信号词”,例如:Thereforethe resultIn conclusionwe can concludeOne of the primary conclusions7.举例是为了帮忙读者理解某一个观点,因此,文中的例子不是扫瞄文章时的重要信息。在阅读过程中,以下词组提示读者下文是举例局部信息。For example/instancelikeSuch asthese includeTo illustrateamong these are有时,也会用破折号或括号来提示举例信息,例如:The developi
4、ng countries are dependent on cash crops sugar, coffee, cacao, cotton.Precipitating/violent/unexpected factors are those which reduce the food supply (droughts, floods, wars, epidemics)在段落扫瞄时,读者在看到信号词后,应不断对下文信息作出相应的推断,例如:The main reason for (提示:下文信息重要) the reduction in the death rate in the developi
5、ng world has been improved public health measures. For example, (提示:下文信息不重要,仅仅是为了用来证明前面的观点) in Sri Lanka the death rate was halved over ten years by spraying the mosquitoes which carry malaria.Why (提示:问题的答案中有读者应当关注的重点) is it so easy to cut the death rate in this way and yet so hard to reduce the bir
6、th rate? One answer (提示:这只是众多答案中的一种,并不是最重要的。) is that public health measures can be very cheap. Anti-malarial spraying is inexpensive. But this is not the important point (提示:but后面的是特别重要的信息).For birth control programmes to be successful, a change in attitude is required, whereas death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, (提示:这里是想要强调的重要信息) the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.