《(完整word)07专八听力原文.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《(完整word)07专八听力原文.doc（5页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、(完整word)07专八听力原文听力原文2007Part 1, Listening ComprehensionSECTION A MINI-LECTUREGood morning. Todays lecture is the very first of a series of lectures on the art history. So Id like to spend some time discussing with you the following topic： why do we need to study art history and what can we learn fro
2、m it。First of all， Id say, if you study art history， it might be a good way to learn more about a culture than its possible to learn iri general history classes. You know， most typical history courses concentrate on politics， economies and war。 （ Q1) But art history focuses on much more than this， b
3、ecause art reflects not only the political values of the people , but also their religious beliefs , emotions etc。 In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art， like what people did for a living, what kind of dress they wore， what ceremonies they held e
4、tc。 In short, art can express the essential qualities of a time and a place and the study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than what can be found in most history books and enables us to learn more things about human society and civilization.The second point, Id like to make， is about t
5、he type of information. In history books， information is objective. （ Q2) That is， facts about the political， economic life of a country are given， but the opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective。 It reflects personal emotions and opinions. （ Q3） For example， Francisco Goya
6、 was a great Spanish paintIr, and also perhaps the first truly political artist。 In his famous painting， the 3rd of May, 1808, he showed soldiers shooting a group of simple people. His description of soldiers and their victims has become a symbol of the enormous power or the misuse of this power tha
7、t a government can have over its people。 Over a hundred years later, on another continent， the powerful paintings of Mexican artists depicted their deep anger and sadness about social problems. In summary, through art you can find a personal and emotional view of history.Thirdly， art can reflect a c
8、ultures religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed。 Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that showed people and stories from the Bible. ( Q4） By contrast， one of the main characteristics of the art in th
9、e Mid-East was and still is its absence of human and animal images。 This reflects the Islamic belief that these images are unholy. ( Q5 ) Thus， on palaces, mosques and other buildings， Islamic artists have created unique decoration of great beauty with images of flowers and geometric forms， for exam
10、ple, circles， squares and triangles。 The same is true of other places， like Africa and the Pacific islands. Art also reflects the religious beliefs of traditional cultures in these places. As a matter of fact， religion is the purpose for this art and is, therefore， absolutely essential to it。 Tradit
11、ional art in Africa and the Pacific Islands is different from Christian art。 Christian art influences peoples religious feelings towards God. But the goal of traditional art in Africa and the Pacific islands is the influence of spiritual power, that is gods to enter peoples lives。 Each tribe or vill
12、age there has special ceremonies with songs and dances to make sure that crops, animals and people are healthy and in increasing number. ( Q6) The dancers in the ceremonies wear masks ， headdresses and costumes that they believe are necessary to influence gods. So these masks and headdresses themsel
13、ves are a very part of the art.As weve said， art depends on culture。 Different forms of art result from different cultures。 Similarly, the way that people view art also depends on their cultural background。 This is my fourth point. For most Europeans and Americans， art is mainly for decoration. ( Q7
14、 ) It is something on a museum wall or in a glass case。 It makes their homes more attractive。 People look at it and admire it. Oh , what a beautiful painting. ” Besides, ideas are often expressed in this art. This is a wonderful statue ， an admirer might say ， it makes such a strong antiwar statemen
15、t. ” But in other places, art is not considered to be separate from everyday existence。 It has a function。 It has a practical role to play in peoples lives. ( Q8) A person in a tribal society might look at a mask and say， ” Oh ， this is a good mask. It will keep my house safe。 ” In brief， the way in
16、 which people enjoy or appreciate art depends on their culture。To conclude my lecture ， we can say that art is a reflection of various cultures。 （ Q9 ) But at the same time， we have to remember that the art also reflects the changes in society that take place when different cultures influence one another。 As people from tribal societies move to urban areas ， their values and beliefs change accordingly and their traditional art forms begin to loo
