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1、2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1 (10 points)The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,1this i
2、s largely because,2animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are3to perceiving those smells which float through the air,4the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact,5, we are extremely sensitive to smells,6we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of7human smells e
3、ven when these are8to far below one part in one million.Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,9others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate10smell receptors in the nose. Th
4、ese receptors are the cells which sense smells and send11to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell12can suddenly become sensitive to it when13to it often enough.The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it14to keep all smel
5、l receptors working all the time but can15new receptors if necessary. This may16explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smellswe simply do not need to be. We are not17of the usual smell of our own house, but we18new smells when we visit someone elses. The brain finds it best to keep smel
6、l receptors19for unfamiliar and emergency signals20the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.1.A although B as C but D while2.A above B unlike C excluding D besides3.A limited B committed C dedicated D confined4.A catching B ignoring C missing D tracking5.A anyway B though C instea
7、d D therefore6.A even if B if only C only if D as if7.Adistinguishing B discovering C determining D detecting8.A diluted B dissolved C dispersed D diffused 9.A when B since C for D whereas10.A unusual B particular C unique D typical11.A signs B stimuli C messages D impulses12.A at first B at all C a
8、t large D at times13.A subjected B left C drawn D exposed14.A ineffective B incompetent C inefficient D insufficient15.A introduce B summon C trigger D create16.A still B also C otherwise D nevertheless17.A sure B sick C aware D tired18.A tolerate B repel C neglect D notice19.A available B reliable
9、C identifiable D suitable20.A similar to B such as C along with D aside fromSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1 Everybody loves a fat pay
10、rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this
11、finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published inNature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. Th
12、ey are good-natured, co-operative creatures, andthey share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnans and Dr. de Waals s
13、tudy. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was
14、 getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the
