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1、Lesson 51 Reward for Virtue 对美德的奖赏Why did Hughs diet not work?My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of th
2、e things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate; and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very emba
3、rrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!参
4、考译文我的朋友休一直很胖，但是近来情况变得越发糟糕，以致他决定节食。他是一星期前开始节食的。一方面，他开列了一张长长的单子，上面列了所有禁吃的食物。这张 单子上的大多数食物都是休喜欢吃的：黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果。昨天我去看望了他。我按响了门铃，当看到休仍和往常同样胖时，我并不感 到惊奇。他把我领进屋，匆忙把一个大包藏到了桌子下面。显然他感到很尴尬。当我问他正干什么时，他内疚地笑了，然后把那个大包拿到了桌上。他解释说，他的 饮食控制得太严格了，以致不得不偶尔奖赏自己一下。接着他给我看了包里的东西。里面装了5大块巧克力和3袋糖果！New words and expression
5、s 生词和短语reward n. 报偿 virtue n. 美德diet n. 节食 forbid v. 严禁forbadeforbiddenhurriedly adv. 匆忙地 embarrass v. 使尴尬guiltily adv. 内疚地 strict adj. 严格的reward v. 给奖赏 occasionally adv. 偶尔地 一单词讲解： reward n. 报偿同义词compensate, pay, award反义词punish, punishment rewardedrewardedrewardingn. 报酬、奖赏、酬谢、赏金eg：He received a med
6、al in reward for his bravery. 他因表现勇敢而获得了一枚奖章eg：A 10-million reward has been offered for the capture of Bin Laden . 悬赏一千万美元捉拿本拉登。eg：He worked hard without（any） hope of reward . 他辛勤工作,但却不期待得到报酬。v. 给予报酬，酬谢，报答eg：Is this how you reward me for my help ？你就这样报答我对你的帮助吗? eg：You will be fully rewarded with all
7、 your efforts . 你所有的努力都将得到充足的回报。eg：I will reward you later . 以后我会报答你。rewarding adj. 报酬的, 有益的, 值得的a rewarding experience一次富有价值的经历 virtue n. 美德同义词goodness, righteousness, morality 复数virtues（1） 美德、善、清高（反意词 ：vice 恶行，缺德行为）a man of virtue有德之人eg：Honesty is a virtue . 诚实是一种美德。 lead a life of virtue 过崇高的生活 e
8、g：Virtue is its own reward . (谚)做好事即乐在其中. eg：All of the virtues get here . 全聚德（2） 优点、长处eg：The big class has the virtue of making more friends . 大量的美德使能交更多的朋友。eg：My room has virtue of being warm even in winter . 我的房间有个好处即使是冬天也很温暖。Virtual adj. v:tjul 实质的, 事实上的eg：Our deputy manager is the virtual head
9、of the business .我们的副经理是公司的实际负责人. diet n. 节食同义词food and drink, food, foodstuffs, victuals复数diets dieteddieteddieting（1） 节食 go on a diet be on a diet实行节食lose weight 减重 put on weight gain weight 增胖（2）（平常的） 饮食a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 ； diet sheet（病人的） 规定食谱 forbid v. 严禁, 不许O1O2+v-ing.同义词prohibit, disallow,
10、 bar, ban 反义词permit, allowforbid forbade forbiddenforbiddingforbid +n. / doing eg：Who can forbid our marriage ？谁可以严禁我们的婚姻？eg：Smoking is forbidden in this building . 在这幢楼里吸烟是被严禁。forbid sb 严禁某人.eg：If you want to go , I cant forbid you . 假如你想去，我不能阻止你。eg：He didnt like his daughters boy friend , and forb
11、ade him into the house . 他不喜欢他女儿的男朋友，并严禁他进了屋。forbid sb to do . 严禁某人做某事eg：My father forbade me to watch television . 我的父亲就严禁我看电视。eg：It is forbidden to smoke in this room .（No Smoking） 在这个房间严禁吸烟。forbidden adj.（被） 严禁的forbidden fruit 禁果;非法的欢愉forbidden ground 禁区、必须避免的问题、犯忌讳的问题the Forbidden City 故宫, 紫禁城eg
12、：God forbid that we should have class tomorrow.上帝保佑，我们明天不用上课。 hurriedly adv. 匆忙地、草率地hurried adj. 仓促的, 匆忙的 ； a hurried trip 匆忙之旅a hurried meal 匆忙吃了顿饭 hurriedly adv. hridli匆忙地 ； speak hurriedly 匆促地讲hurry v.匆忙, 催促, 赶紧 eg：Dont hurry . 不要急。eg：Hurry up . 快点eg：With this , the woman hurried away / off . 说完了
13、，该女子急忙拜别。eg：He hurried home . 他急忙赶回家。eg：He hurried to school . 他急忙赶到学校。hurry to + 地点 ：匆忙赶到某地eg：He hurried back to his office . 他急忙赶回他的办公室。eg：They hurried into the car . 他们急忙上车。 embarrass v. 使窘; 使不好意思, 使局促不安H(.同义词disconcert, discomfit, abash, confound变化形 动变embarrassedembarrassedembarrassingembarrass
14、sb 使某人难堪eg：Your sharp words embarrassed him a lot . 你尖酸的话令他很难堪。eg：Are you trying to embarrass me ？ 你想要我难堪？eg：Dont embarrass them by asking / with personal questions . 不要问他们令人难堪的个人问题。eg：She was embarrassed by his loud laughter . 他的大笑令她感到尴尬。embarrassing adj. 令人困惑的、难堪、尴尬的embarrassed adj. 感到困惑的、难堪、尴尬的eg
15、：It was obvious that he was very embarrassed .显然他感到很窘。financially embarrassed short of money囊中羞涩、经济受窘embarrassment imbrsmnt n.窘迫；困惑；为难an embarrassment of riches 好东西太多而难以选择东西多得令人为难；财富多得成了累赘blush in embarrassment 因难为情而脸红 区别 ：embassy embsi n.大馆；大使馆全体成员 guiltily adv. 内疚地（1） 责任、罪行、罪状eg：Guilt was written all over her
