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1、语法专题：It的用法一、 考情分析与命题趋势综观近几年的高考英语试题，it句型的考查频频出现，成为比较重点的知识点。以下我们结合历年高考试题，将it的常见考点作一归纳分析。试题注重情景的设置，需要利用特点语言环境中上下文的联系，正确分析结构，理解句意是做此类题目的关键。命题的热点集中于以下几个方面: 1. it/that/one用法区别。2. 作形式主语或形式宾语（主要代替v-ing,，to do或从句）。3. 用于强调句或固定句型（it is/was when/since/before）中 。4. 考查it 构成的习语，it也常表示抽象的情况,属于虚指. 如:Take it easy。二、i
2、t的用法总结（一）作人称代词(1) 代替前面或后面提到过的东西或事情。This is a new dictionary. I bought it yesterday. Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us.Tom joined the army last mouth. Do you know about it? They say he has left town, but I dont believe it. (2) 代替指示代词，起着this或that的作用。Is this your car? No, it isnt.Wh
3、ats that? Its a videoWhose room is this? It is theirs.(3) 用来指身份不明的人，还可指不明性别的婴儿。Whos there? Its me. (Its John)Go and see who it is that rings. Its Bill. Someone is knocking at the door, Peter. Who is it? Its me.Who are singing? It is the children.The light is still on in the lab. It must be the third
4、-year students doing the experiment.The Greens have a new baby. Its lovely. The baby cried because it was hungry.(4) it与one的区别：这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物的场合；one则用于同名异物的场合，相当于a/an+单数名词，表泛指概念。Do you still have the bicycle? No, I have sold it.Is this knife yours? No. It is Xiao Zhangs. Mine is the one
5、on the desk.(5) it与that的区别：两词都可代替某一特定名词，但that指同一类，并非同一个，相当于the单数/不可数名词。The climate of South China is mild（温和的）; I like it very much.（it指the climate of South China）The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.（that指the climate）（二）作无人称代词it作无人称代词时，除了句中找不到它所代表的词语外，另一个特点是它后面的内容都是表示时间、距离、天
6、气、量度，价值等。 Its Sunday today. It is / has been three months since he came here. It is has been three years since we saw each otherlast. It was some time before he realized the truth.The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time before we meet them again.It was Se
7、ptember when we began our senior high school. This That It is was will be the first second third time that该句型意为“这是那是这将是某人第某某次干某事了”。当主句的谓语动词用is时，从句谓语动词用现在完成时；当主句的谓语动词用was时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时；当主句的谓语动词用will be时，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时（表示将来）。It is the first time that I have spoken to a foreigner The couple told us it
8、was the fourth time that they had visited West LakeIt is （high） time that sb. did sth. 该句型表示“某人现在该做某事了”, 从句常用过去时（虚拟语气）说明现在应该做的事情。Its six oclock. It is high time that we went homenow. How far is it to the Great Wall?It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.). Its getting dark. It is eighteen square meters in ar
9、ea. How much is the coat? Its ninety dollars.（三）作形式主语或形式宾语（主要代替to do，v-ing, 或从句）。为了使句子平衡，常采用形式主语（或宾语）it ，而把真正的主语（或宾语）置于句子后面。（1） 作形式主语。1代替不定式短语。It is adj.（for sb.sth.） to do sth.用于此句型的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary, good, bad, exciting, Interesting, surprising等
10、。如：It is necessary to change your job. It was very hard for them to walk such a long way inthe snow.It is n.（for sb.sth.） to do sth.用于此句型的名词有： pity, shame, pleasure, ones duty, onesjob, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。It is a pity for you to have missed such a wonderfulplay.It is bad manners fo
11、r the young to take up the seatsfor the old.It is adj.of sb.to do sth.此句型中的adj.主要描述某人的品德、特征。能用于该句型的形容词有：kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever等。How silly it was of you to give up such a goodchance！It is friendly of the family to try to make me feelat home in their house
12、.It takes sb.一段时间to do sth. 表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”。如：It takes half an hour to go there on foot. It took us half an hour to ride to the town by thesea.It is up to sbto do sth该句型意为“该由某人负责干某事”。 It is up to you to look after the childrenWho is it up _ the first company_ is run by the state？ Ato take charge of；
13、which Cfor to take charge of；that Bto to take charge of；that Dto to taking charge of；which 2代替动名词短语。It is adj.（n.）doing sth.此句型中的形容词和名词常见的有：nolittle use, nomuch good, useless等。Its no use crying over spilt milk. Its no good smoking. Its worthwhile working the whole night on the problem.3代替主语从句。It is
14、was 形容词名词that从句。It is quite important that China become an official member of WTOIt is necessary that you ask your parents for help when you are in trouble.It is our duty that we serve the people heart and soul. It is 及物动词的过去分词that从句 此句型中常见的及物动词的过去分词有：said, told, known, reported, recorded, thought,
15、believed, considered等。It is known that Taiwan is part of China It is reported that the Russian President will visitChina next week.It 不及物动词that从句此句型中不及物动词常见的有：seem, happen, appear, matter等，意为“似乎看起来/碰巧”。It seems that everyone has known the news. It seems that there will be a heavy snow tomorrow.It happened that I met my good friends in the museumyester
