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1、Lesson 1 Finding fossil man 发现化石人We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write.But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas-legends han
2、ded down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the
3、 Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago.But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help t
4、hem to find out where the firstmodern men came from.Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have r
5、emained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.ROBIN PLACE Finding fossil manNew words and expressions生词短语recount /rikaunt/ v.叙述 / reikaunt/ 再数一次 record / rekd/ /ri kC:d/ 第一个音节带重音，名前动后 叙述：recount : emotionless重复describedepict： a little emotionalnarrate： temporal&
6、spacial 根据时间或空间顺序描述。portray：描述saga /sa:g/ n.英雄故事描述的内容mostly real 北欧海盗活动的故事legend /ledVnd/ n.传说，传奇unreal e.g robin hoodanthropologist/ AnWrpCldVist/ n.人类学家 anthrop：人 philosophere :philosopher|爱智慧哲学家 philanthropist : 慈善家（对人有爱心的人） anthropology :人类学带-gy结尾的都是学科：biology 生物学 geography 地理学 ecology 生态学remote
7、/ rimut/ n.遥远ancestor / Ansest/ n.祖先 an 在前面 forefather,forebear ，predecessor祖先rot/ rCt/ v.烂掉 leave me rot.leave me along rot to death. soon ripe,soon rotten. decay 国家民族逐渐衰亡 decompose 逐渐衰竭 deteriorate关系逐渐恶化trace /treis/ n.痕迹，踪迹 trace the problem i follow your tracei follow where you gopolynesia 波利尼西亚
8、 poly-多polyandric: a wife with more than one husband polygeny : a husband with more than one wifeflint /flint/ n.燧石 flinting heartedfossil / fCsl/ n. 化石 cobble 鹅卵石 Notes on the text课文注释 read of 读到谈到：speak of ,talk of ,know of,hear ofnear east：近东 mediterranean, south europe,north afric far east非限定性从句
9、，表原因oral(spoken) language is earlier than written language. precede :什么在什么之前，不用比较，直接跟名词 counterpart: two things or two people have the same position oral(spoken) language is earlier than written counterpart.preserve: 保留，保存（腌制） 如果句中有only，那后面的表语结构就要用to do sth,而不是doing sth. storyteller: 讲故事的人fortunetel
10、ler, palmreader: 算命先生migration ：移民）migrant）immigrant v. migrate:迁移，迁徙migratory bird:候鸟 none: no body peoples 民族 if they had any: 即便是有his relatives,if he hadany,never went to visit him when he was hospitalized.find out千方百计，费尽周折explore modern men :the men who were like ourselves howeveranywhere you wa
11、nt ,加逗号but,yet不加标点，only at the beginning of the sentence therefore自由so自由tool:小工具 instrument:实验器械 equipment:设备shape:成型；教育，改造 may also have:表推测 peel:果皮leather:皮革hide:兽皮cowhide:牛皮without (any) trace:无影无踪 Lesson 2 Spare that spider别伤害蜘蛛Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends ? Because they de
12、stroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to
13、 the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings.Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related
14、 to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six.How many spiders are engaged in this work on our behalf ? One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he estimated tha
15、t there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre, that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, no
16、t content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.T. H. GILLESPIE Spare that Spider from The ListenerNew words and expressions生词短语flocks and he
