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1、Book 5 Unit3 Life in the futurePeriod 2 grammar:the past participle as the adverbial and as the attribute.班级： 组别： 组名： 姓名：Study Aims: Make students to get to know the usages of the past participle as the adverbial and as the attribute.过去分词是非谓语动词的一种，可作：1.作状语2.作定语3.作宾补4.作表语一、过去分词作定语1）过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间存在
2、着逻辑上的被动关系, 且表示该动作已经完成2）单个的过去分词作定语, 通常置于被修饰的词的前面, 而分词短语作定语, 则须置于被修饰词的后面。3）过去分词作定语前置和后置的两种情况:1.前置定语单个的过去分词作定语, 通常放在被修饰的名词之前, 表示被动和完成意义。A.被动意义：an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人The injured workers(受伤的工人)are now being taken good care of in the hospital.B. 完成意义a retired teacher 一位退休的教师They are cleaning _(落叶) in t
3、he yard.2. 后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时, 通常放在被修饰的名词之后, 它的作用相当于一个定语从句。This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.=_Who were the so-called guests invited= _to your part last night?如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。 如: Is there anything unsolved? Th
4、ere is noting changed here since I left this town. 二、过去分词作状语过去分词与现在分词作状语的比较1.过去分词表完成、被动, 与主句主语之间是被动关系; 2.现在分词表进行、主动, 与主句主语之间是主动关系。如果一个被动的动作发生在谓语动词之前, 则可使用现在分词的完成被动式或过去分词。_for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧._ the book, I find it useful. 在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用. _ at her, he jumped with j
5、oy._at by her, he jumped with joy.注意: 选择现在分词还是过去分词, 关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出, 分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。过去分词表完成、被动, 作状语时, 其逻辑主语是主句的主语, 且与主语之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作状语可表时间、原因、 让步、 结果、 方式、 条件等。1)过去分词作时间状语1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. When heated, ice will be changed into water.2. When it is seen
6、 under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed. Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape. 2)过去分词作原因状语1. Since/ As she was given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. Given advice by the famous detective, the young l
7、ady was no longer afraid.2. Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.3)过去分词作条件或者假设状语1. If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better. Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.
8、2. If I am compared with you, we still have a long way to go. Compared with you, we still have a long way to go.4)作方式或伴随情况状语1. The hunter left his house, followed by his dog. The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog.2. She sat by the window, lost in thought. She sat by the window, a
9、nd she was lost in thought. lost 表示一种迷失心理状态Summary1) 过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等。2) 过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。过去分词有两大特点：1. 表示被动的动作；2. 表示已经完成的动作, 因此,当过去分词作状语的时候一定要搞清楚分词与主语的逻辑关系被动三 Filling in the blanks.1. I like reading the novels _ (write ) by Zhang Ailing.2. The girl _ (write) a letter in
10、the study is my cousin.3. There is something wrong with my car and I have to get it _ (repair).4. I want the doors of my new house _ (paint) white.5. There was a _ (surprise) look on his face.6. He was _ (excite) at the good news. 7. The story was so _ (move) that he was _ (move) to tears.8. _ (use) in this way, the word shouldnt be taken as a verb. 9. _ (arm) with special guns, knives and brushes, two space walking astronauts practiced fixing the spacecraft. 10. Though _ (catch) in a traffic jam, we managed to arrive at the airport.
