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1、UNIT ONE: How to be a successful language learnerNote on the Topic:This unit explores some of the ways in which people learn. It looks at the different attitudes towards learning and the strategies that different kinds of learners employ. It guides the readers towards looking at the whole complex an
2、d fascinating phenomenon of learning and encourages them to reflect on their own approaches to learning. This topic should be a reflexive one, i.e. because it is about successful language learning and the students reading it are learning or improving their English they should relate the ideas in the
3、 text to their own language learning.Before you readStudents should find no difficulty in discussing the topics of this task. The task asks them to draw on their own experiences and reflect on how they have studied English since they first started learning the language. Although nowadays English is
4、introduced in Primary Schools in China, it is likely that most university students started learning at Secondary School (i.e. Middle School). It would be useful for each group to report back to the class as a whole before moving on to the text of the unit. Of particular interest may be the last ques
5、tion in the rubric, i.e. how they learn the language now. This would be an ideal opportunity for the teacher to reinforce “good practices” in language learning. In general, the students should be asked to comment on their experiences of language learning and not simply describe them. Another importa
6、nt question which should arise from this task is whether students have changed the ways in which learn English between Secodnary (Middle) School and University level.Further information on the text The text outlines a number of aspects of good language learning in terms of learners behaviour and lea
7、rning styles. Many specialists in the study of second language acquisition distinguish between learning strategies and learning styles. The former are related to behaviour; they may be common practices and are quite likely related to culture. The latter are more individual matters and they may be re
8、lated to personality and the individual characteristics of the learner. The main ideas of the text can be summarized in the kind of outline chart or key visual given below. This could be shown on an overhead projector or multimedia screen. The teacher could then get different students to talk throug
9、h the key visual (without looking at the text), making sure students give the main ideas this would be useful additional oral practice or a way of revising the text. Alternatively the teacher could give parts of such a key visual and ask students to re-read the text in order to complete the chart th
10、emselves; this would then be additional practice in notetaking. Such activities would be done after students General approaches to learning:deep and surface approachesindividual learning styles:indepenent dependent collaborative competitiveparticipant avoidantdifferent preferences for different acti
11、vitiesinfer rules from examplesget increased exposureaware of strategieswhich work for themview errors as a constructive part of learningCreative - experiment - open and - willing to with language tolerant attitude take risksgood language learnershave completed the Understanding the Text section or
12、even later. Words to noteColumn AColumn Bgeniuses People who are much more skillful or intelligent than othersinfer To form an opinion or get knowledge about something based on information you already have. rhymes Words that end with the same sound as another wordtechniques Methods of doing somethin
13、g using a special skill you have developedtolerant Willing to accept other peoples beliefs and ways of life without criticizing them even if you disagree with themword associations Relating words to other things in order to remember them more effectivelyWords to note in context1. All parents hope th
14、eir children grow up to be geniuses, but, of course, this cannot possibly happen in the vast majority of cases.2. “Can I infer from your silence that you do not agree with my suggestion?”3. The new primary school teacher often used rhymes in class to help the children remember new words.4. Surgical
15、equipment and techniques have both greatly improved over the last decade or so.5. I believe we all need to become more tolerant of each other if we are to live together happily and productively.6. A very effective method of remembering new vocabulary is by making word associations with other, more familiar words.Understanding the textPart A: Summary workKinds of BehaviourWhat the good learner doesCreativityGood learners are creative and will experiment with language.Risk
