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1、主谓语一致 英语中主谓语在人称和数的一致问题上一般遵循三条原则：形态一致原则，意义一致原则，就近原则。1形态一致原则（1）可数名词单数和不可数名词独立作主语时谓语动词应用单数形式；可数名词复数或两个及以上的不可数名词并列作主语时谓语动词应用复数；在实际运用中要找准主语，才能正确判断谓语动词的数。如：On the table are some fruits.(主语后置)（2） 不定代词作主语时谓语动词常用单数，常见的不定代词有：each, something, one, either ,little, a little, much, someone, somebody 等。如：Somebody
2、is knocking at the door.（3） 非谓语动词结构和从句作主语时谓语动词一般用单数。如：Playing basketball is good for your health.（4） 主语后面跟有等引导的短语作定语时，谓语形式不受定语影响。如：The boy as well as his friends is going there on foot.2 意义一致原则（1） 根据主语的内在涵义来决定谓语动词的数。Some are apples. Some is milk .（2） 表示“总量”或 “总和”的时间，距离，金钱，重量，容量等的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。T
3、en thousand dollars is much enough to buy a new car.（3） 表示复数意义的代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。常见的有：both ,few, a few ,many, several. Few of them have been to China.（4） 表示“总称”的名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。常见的有：police, people,The police are looking for the lost car.（5） some等不定代词，two thirds等分数词组，rest等名词作主语时，根据其代替的对象是否可数来决定谓语动词的数。The
4、rest of us are in the classroom.The rest of the milk is drunk by the little girl.（6） 等集合名词作主语时，如果强调集体时谓语选择单数，如果强调成员个体时谓语选择复数。My family enjoy sports and games. My family has moved into the new house.（7） 由“the +形容词”表示一类人作主语时，谓语动词用复数.The young in this team are able to help the old climb up the mountain
5、.3 就近原则就近原则用于“there be ”句型和由“either or ”“neither nor”“not only but also”“whether or ”“or”等引导主语的句子中。谓语动词的数一般与距离谓语动词最近的主语部分保持一致。如：There is some bread and some cakes on the table.Neither he nor you have been to Chengdu.Neither you nor he has been to Chengdu.典例解析1 What _ the number of the girls in your
6、class? About twenty. A is B am C are D be 2 Bread and butter _ their daily food. A is B are C has D have3 A knife and fork _ on the plate. A has B have C is D are 4 My son and daughter each _ two cakes. A has B have C is D are 5 Each boy and each girl _hard. A are working B is working C has worked D
7、 have worked 6 Not only the parents but also the son _swimming . A like B likes C go D want to go 7 _ physics easy for you to learn? A Are B Is C Do D Have8 The United Nations _in 1945. A is set up B are set up C was set up D were set up9 Between the two hills _ a small river. A lies B lie C has D h
8、ave10 Tales from Shakespeare_ by Charles Lamb. A write B writes C was written D were written基础训练1 Maths _my favorite subject. A be B is C am D are2 Jenny:How many countries _in Europe? Betty; Im not sure. A is it B is there C are they D are there3 Everyone except Tom and John _there when the meeting
9、 began. A are B is C was D were4 Both Lily and Lucy _to the party yeaterday.A invited B was invited C had invited D were invited5 Whats on the table ? There _some bread on it. A is B are C has D have6 That place is not interesting at all._of us wants to go there. A Neither B Both C All D Some7 There
10、 _some children playing on the playground. A is B are C has D have 8 Look! There _ some apples on that tree .A is B was C are D were9There _ two knives in the pencilcase. A are B be C is D am10 There _some milk in the glass. A are B is C has D have11 I think your mother _good at cooking. A am B is C
11、 are D be12 Either Bob or Peter _watching the 17th World Cup. A is B are C has D have13 My sister _music very much. Shes listening to a new song now. A like B likes C liked D is liking14 Are the twins on the football team? No, neither of them _on the team.A is B are C were D be 15 How many students
12、are there in your school? _ the students in our school _over two thousand.A The number of ;is B The number of ;areC A number of ;is D A number of ;选词填空1 Either you or she _(is ,am)from Beijing.2 Neither he nor his parents _(were ,was)interested in the movie.3 Wang as well as his sisters often _(go,g
13、oes)to the theatre.4 Four dollars a pound _(is ,are )pretty cheap.5 Five weeks _(is are ) a short time.6 Ten thousand yuan _(is, are ) a lot of money.7 A hundred years _(is ,are) a long period time.8 Wangs family _(is ,are ) a happy one.9 The Chinese government _(has,have)made a decision about the matter.10 Either my sister or my parents _(has,have) taken the key to the door.
