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1、 初二英语上册【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语1. on time准时 in time 及时2. best wishes 最美好的祝福3. give a talk 做演讲，报告4. for example 例如5. short for 缺少，匮乏6. a waste of time浪费时间7. go on a field trip去徒步旅行，去野外旅行8. go fishing钓鱼9. I agree我同意.10. next week下周，下个星期11. the day after tomorrow后天12. have a picnic去野炊13. have some problems doing
2、 sth.做某事有困难14. go the wrong way方法不当15. hurry up 快点16. get together一起17. in the open air在户外18. on Mid-Autumn Day中秋节19. come over过来，突然感到20. have to 不得不21. get home 回家22. agree with 同意某人23. in the country在乡下，在农村24. in town 在镇上25. all the same.是一样的26. in front of在.前面27. on the left/right side在.左/右边28. n
3、ext to 紧挨着，在.旁边29. up and down上上下下，起落30. keep healthy保持身体健康31. grow up长大成人32. at the same time与此同时33. the day before yesterday前天35. last Saturday上周星期六36. half an hour ago半个小时以前37. a moment ago不久之前38. just now刚刚39. by the way顺便提一下40. all the time一直41. at first首先II. 重要句型1. have fun doing sth. 做.玩的开兴2.
4、 Why dont you?你为什么不.3. Were going to do sth.我们将要做.4. start with sth.开始做.5. Why not? 为什么不做.6. Are you going to?你将要去做.7. be friendly to sb.友好对待.8. Youd better do sth.你最好做.9. ask sb. for sth.问某人某事10. say goodbye to sb.向某人道别11. Good luck(with sb)!祝某人好运III. 交际用语1.Welcome back to school!欢迎返校2.Excuse me. I
5、m sorry Im late, because the traffic is bad.打扰一下，很抱歉我迟到了，因为今天的交通状况实在是太糟糕了。 3.It doesnt matter.没关系，不要紧的4.Happy Teachers Day !教师节快乐5.Thats a good idea.好主意6.What are you going to do？你将要做什么？7.Where are we going ?我们要去哪儿?8.What are we going to do ? 我们将要去做什么？9.Im good at我擅长于.10.Its not far from离.不远11. Are
6、you free tomorrow evening?你明天晚上有空吗？12.Would you and Lily like to come over to my home for Mid-Autumn Festival?你和莉莉愿意来我家过中秋节吗?13.Im glad you can come.我很高兴你能过来14.Thanks for asking us.谢谢你邀请我们15.How about another one?另外一个怎么样？16.May I have a taste?我可以尝一尝吗?17.Let me walk with you.让我陪你去散散步吧。18.What do you
7、have to do?你有什么必须要做的吗？19.Do you live on a farm?你住在农场里吗？20.Which do you like better, the city or the country?城市和农村，你更喜欢哪一个？21.Which do you like best, dogs, cats or chickens?狗，猫和鸡，你最喜欢哪一种动物？22.Shall we go at ten? Good idea!我们十点钟出发，好吗？ 好主意23.-Lets make it half past one. -OK.我们一点半去吧。-好的24.-Why not come
8、a little earlier? -All right.为什么不早一点来呢？-好的25.Excuse me. Wheres the nearest post office, please? 请问最近的邮局在哪里？26.Its over there on the right.就在右边。27.Im sorry I dont know.很抱歉我不知道28.Youd better你最好.29.Thank you all the same.不管怎样还是要谢谢你30.Which bus do I take?我该乘那一辆公交车呢?31.Go along this road.沿着这条路直走32.What d
9、ay was it yesterday?昨天是星期几？33.Im sorry to hear that.听到这消息我很难过/遗憾34.I hope youre better now.35.Why did you call me?你找我有什么事吗？36.I called to tell我打电话是想告诉你IV. 重要语法1.be going to的用法；2.形容词的比较级、最高级；3.形容词和副词的比较4.一般过去时语法详解1. 形容词和副词I. 形容词：用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。1. 形容词的位置：1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：1修饰some, any, every
10、, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时nobody absent, everything possible2以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后the best book available, the only solution possible3alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置the only person awake4和空间、时间、单位连用时a bridge 50 meters long5成对的形容词可以后置a huge room simple and beautiful6形容词
11、短语一般后置a man difficult to get on with2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序：代词数词性状形容词冠词前的形容词冠词指示代词不定代词代词所有格序数词基数词性质状态大小长短形状新旧温度颜色国籍产地材料质地名词allbothsuchtheathisanotheryoursecondnextonefourbeautifulgoodpoorlargeshortsquarenewcoolblackyellowChineseLondonsilkstone3) 复合形容词的构成：1形容词+名词+edkind-hearted6名词+形容词world-famous2形容词+形容词d
12、ark-blue7名词+现在分词peace-loving3形容词+现在分词ordinary-looking8名词+过去分词snow-covered4副词+现在分词hard-working9数词+名词+edthree-egged5副词+过去分词newly-built10数词+名词twenty-yearII. 副词：用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。副词的分类：1时间副词soon, now, early, finally, once, recently5频度副词always, often, frequently, seldom, never2地点
13、副词here, nearby, outside, upwards, above6疑问副词how, where, when, why3方式副词hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really7连接副词how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile4程度副词almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather8关系副词when, where, whyIII.形容词、 副词的原级、比较级和最高级1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化
14、和不规则变化两种。2、规则变化:(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。a)直接加er,est ：b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est：(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more / most.3、不规则变化:原级比较级最高级good好的better更好的best最好的well好；(身体)好的,bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的ill(身体)不舒服的many许多的(可数)more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多的(不可数)；非常little少的less更少的least最少的far远的；远地farther更远的；更远地farthest最远的；最远地further进一步的(地)furthest最深刻的(地)4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法：形
