《小学英语语法总结.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《小学英语语法总结.doc（4页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、小学英语语法总结 1. 人称代词 主格： I we you she he it they 宾格： me us you her him it them 形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their 名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs 2.形容词和副词的比较级 (1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er older taller longer stronger, etc (2) 多音节词前+more more interesting, etc. (3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er bigger fatter, etc.
2、(4) 把y变i，再+er heavier, earlier (5) 不规则变化： well-better, much/many-more, etc. 3.可数词的复数形式 Most nouns + s a book books Nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a storystories Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glassglasses a watch-watches Nouns ending in o +s or +es a pianopianos a mangomangoes Nouns
3、ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife knives a shelf-shelves 4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变) bread, rice, water ,juice etc. 5. 缩略形式 Im = I am youre = you are shes = she is hes = he is its = it is whos =who is cant =can not isnt=is not etc 6. a/an a book, a peach an egg an hour 7. Preposition: on, in ,in front o
4、f, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind. 表示时间： at six oclock, at Christmas, at breakfast on Monday on 15th July On National Day in the evening in December in winter 8. 基数词和序数词 one first two-second twenty-twentieth 9. Some /any I have some toys in my bedroom. Do you have any brothers or sisters
5、? 10. be 动词 (1) Basic form: am/are/is (2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London. My eyes are(not) small. My hair is(not) long. （3）一般疑问句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt. 11. there be 结构 肯定句： There is a Ther
6、e are 一般疑问句:Is there ? Yes, there is./ No, there isnt. Are there? Yes, there are. /No, there arent. 否定句： There isnt . There arent. 12. 祈使句 Sit down please Dont sit down, please. 13. 现在进行时.通常用“now”. 形式： be + verb +ing eg: I am(not) doing my homework. You/We/They are(not) reading. He/She/It is(not) ea
7、ting. 动词 ing 的形式 Most verbs +ing walkwalking Verbs ending in e -e + ing comecoming Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run running swimswimming 14 一般现在时。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。 形式： 肯定句： I go to school on foot every day. She goes to school on foot every day.初中英语中的可数与不可数名词英
8、语中的名词按其表示的事物性质的不同可分为可数名词与不可数名词。这两种名词在用法上是有区别的，现归纳如下：一、可数名词有单数、复数之分，如：map maps onion onions baker bakers不可数名词没有复数形式，只有单数形式。如：some water a lot of bread二、单数可数名词表示泛指时，前面要用不定冠词 a （an） ；而不可数名词不能用 a （an） .如：Li Hong is a driver. I am a teacher. 李红是一名司机，我是一名教师。We cant see milk on the table. 我们看不见桌上有牛奶。 友情提醒
9、在表示特指时，不可数名词和可数名词前都要用定冠词 the .如：Pass me the ball， please. 请把球传给我。The chicken on the plate is yours. 盘子里的鸡肉是你的。三、可数名词表示复数意义时可用 many 等词修饰。如：many apples a lot of tomatoes a few pens不可数名词则要用 much 、 a little 等词修饰。如：much meat a little breadlittle water 友情提醒 这两类名词都可以被 some 、 any 、 a lot of （lost of） 等修饰。如：
10、 some eggs/ paper （纸）。A lot of （lots of） knives / orange juice四、可数名词前通常可用具体的数词来修饰。如：three womenten babies不可数名词表示数量的多少时，必须与表示数量的名词连用，即“数词 + 表示数量的名词（可数名词） + of + 不可数名词”。如：two glasses of milk 两杯牛奶five pieces of bread 五片面包五、可数名词作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数与主语的单、复数须保持一致。不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式。如：There is some rice in th
11、e bowl. 碗里有些米饭。All the students are in the classroom. 所有的学生都在教室里。 友情提醒 如果不可数名词前有复数名词短语修饰时，谓语动词须用复数形式。如：There are two bags of rice in the room. 房间里有两袋子大米。六、对可数名词的数量提问用 how many ；对不可数名词的数量提问要用 how much ，但对不可数名词前表示数量名词中的修饰语提问时要用 how many .如：I can see two pictures on the wall. How many pictures can you
12、see on the wall？There is a lot of pork in the basket. How much pork is there in the basket？I want three glasses of water. How many glasses of water do you want？七、另外，有些集合名词也是可数中词，但不同的是，它们以单数形式出现，表示复数概念，如 people， police， family 等；而有些可数名词本身就以复数形式出现，如 clothes， glasses （眼镜）等；有的可数名词单、复数形式相同，如 Japanese， sheep， Chinese 等。如：The Chinese people are hardworking and brave. 中国人民勤劳勇敢。The sports clothes are new. 这些运动服是新的。I have one sheep. He has two sheep. 我有一只羊，他有三只羊。新城子寄宿制小学 修志娟
